K3.1 upregulation mediated by Ang II-induced JNK/AP-1 activation contributes to atrial fibrosis.

Atrial fibrillation is strongly associated with an increased risk of embolism, stroke, and heart failure. Current therapeutic approaches often have limited efficacy, and controlling atrial fibrosis remains a critical objective for upstream therapies. The specific mechanisms driving atrial fibrosis remain incompletely understood.

Optimization of hydrogen-methane co-production from corn stover via enzymatic hydrolysis: Process intensification, microbial community dynamics, and life cycle assessment.

This study explores optimization strategies for hydrogen-methane co-production from enzymatically hydrolyzed corn stover, focusing on the effects of timed hydrogen effluent (HE) addition on methane yield and underlying mechanisms. Enzymatic hydrolysis produced a cumulative hydrogen yield of 53.6 ± 3.

Efficient immobilization of cellulase on polydopamine-modified nickel foam for enhanced lignocellulose conversion.

In situ saccharification of lignocellulose is essential for efficiently converting biomass into value-added products. In this study, nickel foam underwent electrochemical pore size regulation and polydopamine modification to produce polydopamine-modified foam nickel with aperture control (PNiF-AC), which was used for cellulase immobilization and in situ saccharification of wheat straw. PNiF-AC demonstrated excellent hydrophilicity, biocompatibility, and robust adsorption-desorption cycling properties.

ITGAM Upregulation in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Leads to Poor Prognosis Associated With Infiltration of Inhibitory Innate Immune Cells.

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a prevalent and potentially fatal hematologic malignancy with limited improvements in survival rates over the past few decades. ITGAM, encoding CD11b, is a significant integrin component in leukocytes, involved in various biological processes. However, its role in AML prognosis and immune cell infiltration remains poorly understood.

Reactive oxygen species drive aging-associated microplastic release in diverse infusion ingredients.

Exposure routes and transport of microplastics (MPs) from the environment into the human bodies deserve considerable attention. Intravenous injection has been reported as a direct MP-intrusion pathway. However, it is unclear whether or how the infusion fluid composition influences polymer degradation and MP release.

Repression of peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor g coactivator-1α by p53 after kidney injury promotes mitochondrial damage and maladaptive kidney repair.

Maladaptive kidney repair after injury is associated with a loss of mitochondrial homeostasis, but the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. Moreover, it remains unclear whether this mitochondrial change contributes to maladaptive kidney repair or the development of chronic kidney problems after injury. Here, we report that the transcriptional coactivator peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor g coactivator-1α (PGC1a), a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, was persistently downregulated during maladaptive kidney repair after repeated low-dose cisplatin nephrotoxicity or unilateral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing Analysis Provides Insights into IgA Nephropathy.

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is currently the most common primary glomerular disease worldwide, and early diagnosis and intervention contribute significantly to improving outcomes and reducing the incidence of renal failure. The pathogenesis of IgAN remains incompletely understood. In recent years, the rapid development of single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology has provided the high-resolution and rich data necessary to elucidate disease characteristics and enabled the analysis of complex interactions between individual cells and cell types.

Targeting Zfp36 to combat cardiac hypertrophy: Insights into ferroptosis pathways.

Background: Cardiac hypertrophy is a precursor to heart failure and represents a significant global cause of mortality, thereby necessitating timely and effective therapeutic interventions. Zinc finger protein 36 (Zfp36) is recognised as a critical regulator of ferroptosis; however, its role and underlying mechanisms in cardiac hypertrophy remain largely unexplored. This study aims to investigate the regulatory function of Zfp36 in ferroptosis within the context of cardiac hypertrophy.

Does corporate governance mechanism deter earnings management and enhance readability of annual reports?

This study aims to know the impact of earnings management (accrual, real and total) and corporate governance mechanisms on the readability of annual reports. Additionally, the study also seeks to know the moderating impact of corporate governance mechanisms between earnings management (accruals, real and total) and readability of annual reports. The sample of the study consists 250 listed firms of Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) for the period of 2014-2022.

Sulforaphane promotes diabetic wound healing by regulating macrophage efferocytosis and polarization.

Background: Delayed wound healing frequently occurs as a complication of diabetes. Diabetic wounds that are difficult to heal are associated with chronic, persistent inflammation, characterized by impaired efferocytosis and a sustained pro-inflammatory state of macrophages at the wound site. Sulforaphane (SFN), a bioactive compound found in cruciferous vegetables, possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities.

Pt(II) Complexes Showing Multicolor Emissions from Nanoparticles in Solution and Reversible Grinding- and Heating-Induced Luminescence Switching in Solid State.

To well understand luminescence modulation of Pt(II) complexes by inter-molecular interactions, three platinum complexes [Pt(moppy)Cl(L)] have been synthesized (Scheme 1) through incorporating the same C^N ligand moppyH=2-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyridine, while different auxillary ligands L: SEt in 1, iccy=isocyanocyclohexane in 2, and icna=isocyanonaphthalene in 3. Crystal structures indicate that neighbouring molecules are connected through π⋅⋅⋅π interactions, forming supramolecular dimer structures in both 1 and 2, while supramolecular chain structure in 3. In a CHCN-HO mixed solvent, complexes 1-3 reveal enhanced luminescence due to nanoparticle formation.

Potential of lavender essential oil to inhibit tetracycline resistance and modulate gut microbiota in black soldier fly larvae.

The misuse of tetracycline in livestock farming leads to environmental residues that promote the proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), particularly tetracycline resistance (tet) genes. Black soldier fly (BSF) larvae, used for organic waste bioconversion, may carry tetracycline residues in their guts, raising concerns about ARG spread. To address this issue, plant-derived additives such as lavender essential oil (LEO) have been explored as alternative antibiotics.

Zinc finger protein 169 promotes tumor progress of hepatocellular cancer via up-regulating cyclin-dependent kinase 19.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks among the most prevalent types of cancer globally. Zinc finger protein 169 (ZNF169) holds significant importance as a transcription factor, yet its precise function in HCC remains to be elucidated. This study aims to examine the clinical importance, biological functions, and molecular pathways associated with ZNF169 in the development of HCC.

Colloidal Design and Preparation of an Internal Electric Modulated Z-Scheme BiOI-CdS Heteronanostructure with Oxygen-Rich Vacancies.

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting offers an ideal strategy for the development of clean and renewable energy. However, its practical implementation is often inhibited by the high recombination rate of photogenerated charge carriers and the instability of photoanodes. Introducing defect engineering (such as oxygen vacancies) and constructing internal electric field-modulated Z-scheme heteronanostructures (HNs) can be considered as effective approaches to overcome these obstacles.

(P)ppGpp synthetase Rel facilitates cellulose formation of biofilm by regulating glycosyltransferase in Brucella abortus.

Biofilms are complex adhesive structures that establish chronic infection and allow robust protection from external stressors such as antibiotics. Cellulose as one of the compositions of bacteria biofilm which protect bacteria from stress, host immune responses and resistance to antibiotics. Bacterial stress responses are regulated via guanosine pentaphosphate and tetraphosphate (p)ppGpp.

Multifaceted interplays between the essential players and lipid peroxidation in ferroptosis.

Ferroptosis, a type of programmed cell death, represents a distinct paradigm in cell biology. It is characterized by the iron-dependent accumulation of reactive oxygen species, which induce lipid peroxidation (LPO), and is orchestrated by the interplay between iron, lipid peroxides, and glutathione. In this review, we emphasize the frequently overlooked role of iron in LPO beyond the classical iron-driven Fenton reaction in several crucial processes that regulate cellular iron homeostasis, including iron intake and export as well as ferritinophagy, and the emerging roles of endoplasmic reticulum-resident flavoprotein oxidoreductases, especially P450 oxidoreductases, in modulating LPO.

Microfluidic Synthesis of miR-200c-3p Lipid Nanoparticles: Targeting ZEB2 to Alleviate Chondrocyte Damage in Osteoarthritis.

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by articular cartilage degeneration. Chondrocyte inflammation, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix degradation accelerated OA progression. MicroRNA (miRNA) has the potential to be a therapeutic method for osteoarthritis.

High Detection Rate of Posterolateral Tibial Plateau Fractures and Poor Functional Outcomes in Type IIIB Impaction Fractures After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture and Reconstruction.

Objective: The incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures has been increasing annually. However, clinical surgeons have overlooked the impaction fractures of the posterolateral tibial plateau and lateral femoral condyle in patients with ACL ruptures. The purpose of the present study was to report the detection rate of the posterolateral tibial plateau impaction fractures in patients with ACL ruptures, and to evaluate the functional outcomes of patients following ACL reconstruction (ACLR) without treatment of the tibial fractures at a 2-year postoperative follow-up.

PSTK exerts protective role in cisplatin-tubular cell injury via BAX/BCL2/Caspase3 pathway.

Cisplatin is a widely used anticancer drug, but its accumulation in renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) can cause acute kidney injury. Phosphoseryl-tRNA kinase (PSTK) is an intermediate product produced under oxidative stress conditions. This study aimed to elucidate whether PSTK could protect TECs and its possible mechanisms.

CSF Mitochondrial N-Formyl Methionine Peptide as Complementary Diagnostic Tool in Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis and Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis.

Background: Mitochondrial damage is significant in autoimmune diseases, with mitochondrial N-formyl methionine peptide (fMet) being released from damaged mitochondria. However, its potential as a marker for assessing the severity of two kinds of encephalitis - anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) and anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) - remains uncertain. We measured CSF fMet levels in anti-NMDAR encephalitis and anti-LG1 encephalitis patients, assessing its diagnostic and therapeutic potential.

SHEP1 alleviates cardiac ischemia reperfusion injury via targeting G3BP1 to regulate macrophage infiltration and inflammation.

The macrophage-associated inflammation response plays an important role in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). SHEP1(SH2 domain-containing Eph receptor-binding protein 1) has been implicated in adhesion and migration of inflammatory cells. However, the role and molecular mechanism of SHEP1 regulating macrophage remains unclear during MIRI.

Exome Sequencing Identified Susceptible Genes for High Residual Risks in Early-Onset Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease.

Aims: Despite the tremendous improvement in therapeutic medication and intervention for coronary atherosclerotic disease (CAD), residual risks remain. Exome sequencing enables identification of rare variants and susceptibility genes for residual risks of early-onset coronary atherosclerotic disease (EOCAD) with well-controlled conventional risk factors.

Methods: We performed whole-exome sequencing of subjects who had no conventional risk factors, defined as higher body mass index, smoking, hypertension and dyslipidemia, screened from 1950 patients with EOCAD (age ≤ 45 years, at least 50% stenosis of coronary artery by angiography), and selected control subjects from 1006 elder (age ≥ 65 years) with < 30% coronary stenosis.