Surgical outcomes of aortic valve replacement in children with ross and ozaki procedure.

Objectives: To evaluate the midterm outcomes of the Ross and Ozaki procedures as alternatives to mechanical valve replacement in children with aortic valve disease.

Methods: All patients undergoing the Ross or Ozaki procedure between January 2017 and December 2023 were included. Primary outcomes were moderate or greater aortic valve stenosis (AS) or aortic regurgitation (AR) after surgery.

Unveiling four new taxa and comb. nov. in Stachybotryaceae (Hypocreales) from monocotyledon plants in Guangdong Province, China.

Members of Stachybotryaceae are distributed worldwide, with certain species playing a significant role as bio-degraders and some causing diseases in plants, humans, and animals. Other species within this family can be found in soil and have been reported as saprobes in various plants. In this study (2021-2022), fungal taxa resembling Stachybotryaceae, isolated from dead leaves of and a dead stem of in Guangdong Province, China, are identified based on morphological characteristics and molecular data.

Graph attention and Kolmogorov-Arnold network based smart grids intrusion detection.

The digital revolution in power systems has increased their complexity and interconnectivity, thereby exacerbating the risk of cyberattacks. To protect critical power infrastructure, there is an urgent need for an advanced intrusion detection system capable of capturing the intricate interactions within smart grids. Although traditional graph neural network (GNN)-based methods have exhibited substantial potential, they primarily rely on network data (e.

Exosome-mediated effects of BRCA1 on cardiovascular artery disease.

The progression of coronary artery disease atherosclerosis (CAD) is closely associated with cardiomyocyte apoptosis and inflammatory responses. This study focused on investigating the impact of BRCA1 in exosomes (Exo) derived from M1 macrophages on CAD. Through the analysis of single-cell RNA-seq datasets, significant communication between macrophages and cardiomyocytes in CAD patients was observed.

Advances in gut microbiota-related treatment strategies for managing colorectal cancer in humans.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major contributor to global cancer-related mortality with increasing incidence rates in both developed and developing regions. Therefore, CRC presents a significant challenge to global health. The development of innovative tools for enhancing early CRC screening and diagnosis, along with novel treatments and therapies for improved management, remains an urgent necessity.

Morphological Changes in Rectus Abdominis Muscle Associated With Pregnancy and Abdominoplasty.

Background: Pregnancy can alter the rectus abdominis, which abdominoplasty can potentially correct.

Objectives: This study aims to examine these muscle changes during pregnancy and evaluate how effectively abdominoplasty with double folds of the rectus abdominis tightens the muscle.

Methods: We collected clinical data from nulliparous and pregnant patients who had abdominoplasty with double folds of the rectus abdominis.

Safety and Efficacy Clinical Trial of Robot-Assisted Prostate Biopsy Using a Hand-Held Robotic System.

Background: Robotic systems are increasingly utilised to improve clinical outcomes in prostate interventions.

Methods: We enroled 20 patients to verify the clinical feasibility of transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided robot-assisted prostate biopsy (PBx). For each patient, controlled trials of systematic 12-core PBx were initially conducted manually using a biopsy gun, followed by a 3-core cognitive fusion targeted biopsy performed by the hand-held robot.

Spatial-Temporal Diversity of Extrachromosomal DNA Shapes Urothelial Carcinoma Evolution and Tumor-Immune Microenvironment.

Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) presents a promising target for cancer therapy; however, its spatial-temporal diversity and influence on tumor evolution and the immune microenvironment remain largely unclear. We apply computational methods to analyze ecDNA from whole-genome sequencing data of 595 urothelial carcinoma (UC) patients. We demonstrate that ecDNA drives clonal evolution through structural rearrangements during malignant transformation and recurrence of UC.

Two-step ultrasonic cavitation controlled delivery of brain exogenous nucleic acids for ischemic stroke using acoustic-cationic-polymeric-nanodroplets.

Inefficient and low-precision delivery of exogenous nucleic acids (ENA) severely limits gene therapy on ischemic stroke (IS). Two problems need to be urgently addressed to improve the efficacy of gene therapy; first, the blood brain barrier (BBB) should be open to promote the accumulation of ENA or genetic material carriers in the ischemic brain parenchyma, and second, the efficient delivery of ENA into the ischemic cells. Previous studies applied ultrasonic cavitation either for opening BBB or for inducing sonoporation to deliver genetic materials into cells.

Environmental Effects on NDIR-Based CH Monitoring: Characterization and Correction.

Nondispersive infrared (NDIR) sensors offer high sensitivity, selectivity, and low operational costs, making them particularly well-suited for environmental gas monitoring, where accurate detection of gases such as CH and CO is essential. However, these sensors are highly sensitive to environmental conditions, including temperature and humidity, which can significantly affect detection accuracy. This study characterizes the effects of these conditions and applies machine learning models to correct signal biases caused by multiple environmental factors.

Bifidobacterium bifidum postbiotics prevent Salmonella Pullorum infection in chickens by modulating pyroptosis and enhancing gut health.

The overuse of antibiotics in poultry farming has led to the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens, posing severe threats to animal health and public safety. Salmonella Pullorum (S. Pullorum), a host-specific pathogen targeting poultry, causes high mortality in chicks and disrupts intestinal health.

circDENND4C serves as a sponge for miR-200b to drive non-small cell lung cancer advancement by regulating MMP-9 expression.

Introduction: Lung cancer has a higher incidence and mortality rate than other cancers, especially non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), accounting for 85% of the cases. The role of the circDENND4C/miR-200b/matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) regulatory axis in NSCLC remains largely unknown.

Methods: NSCLC cell lines were used to examine the expression of circDENND4C, miR-200b, and MMP-9 via qRT-PCR or Western blot.

Adaptive Weighting based Metal Artifact Reduction in CT Images.

Against the metal artifact reduction (MAR) task in computed tomography (CT) imaging, most of the existing deep-learning-based approaches generally select a single Hounsfield unit (HU) window followed by a normalization operation to preprocess CT images. However, in practical clinical scenarios, different body tissues and organs are often inspected under varying window settings for good contrast. The methods trained on a fixed single window would lead to insufficient removal of metal artifacts when being transferred to deal with other windows.

Unlocking the Potential of Weakly Labeled Data: A Co-Evolutionary Learning Framework for Abnormality Detection and Report Generation.

Anatomical abnormality detection and report generation of chest X-ray (CXR) are two essential tasks in clinical practice. The former aims at localizing and characterizing cardiopulmonary radiological findings in CXRs, while the latter summarizes the findings in a detailed report for further diagnosis and treatment. Existing methods often focused on either task separately, ignoring their correlation.

Long-Term Dynamic Stability of the Interfacial CuSn Texture in SAC305/Cu Joints by Laser Jet Solder Ball Bonding for Advanced Packaging.

Green and energy-efficient laser soldering technology has been recently developed in electronic packaging to overcome the limitations of conventional soldering. In this study, different sized Sn-3.0Ag-0.

A poly(tannic acid) particle-supported β-glucan/chitosan hydrogel for managing oral ulcers in diabetes.

In the management of diabetic oral ulcers, current treatments frequently fall short due to complications from bacterial contamination, oxidative damage, and impaired angiogenesis. These shortcomings highlight the pressing need for more efficacious interventions that not only circumvent these issues but also expedite healing processes. To bridge this gap, we have introduced a novel hydrogel patch, POQ2 [a poly(tannic acid) particle-incorporated oxidized β-glucan/quaternized chitosan hydrogel].

PCR array analysis reveals a novel expression profile of ferroptosis-related genes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, irreversible, and fatal disease characterized by progressive interstitial lung fibrosis. Given its insidious onset and poor outcome, there is an urgent need to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying IPF and identify effective therapeutic targets and diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of programmed cell death that occurs as lipid peroxides accumulate.

Prevalence of astigmatism among 99,515 children in different areas of Xi'an City, China.

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of astigmatism among children in different areas of Xi'an.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Xi'an, China, involving children from 139 primary schools, 28 junior high schools, and 10 senior high schools. Data on uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and non-cycloplegic spherical equivalent (SE) were collected from March 2023 to June 2023 based on a new screening model by the Department of Ophthalmology of Xi'an Central Hospital.

The underlying mechanisms of family function on anxiety among nurses during the public health emergency.

The occurrence of public health emergency in China often makes nurses more susceptible to anxiety. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of anxiety among Chinese nurses during the public health emergency and explore the association between family function and anxiety and its underlying mechanisms. Family care index questionnaire, Connor-Davidson Resilience scale, physical activity rating scale and 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale were employed to measure family function, resilience, physical activity and anxiety among 779 Chinese nurses during public health emergency.

Association of early versus late tracheostomy with prognosis in hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy patients: A propensity-matched cohort study.

Background: The optimal timing for exchanging an endotracheal tube for a tracheostomy cannula in patients with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy is controversial.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of early versus late tracheostomy on the prognosis of patients with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy.

Study Design: The study was an observational retrospective study that followed the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines.

Enhanced human adipose-derived stem cells with VEGFA and bFGF mRNA promote stable vascular regeneration and improve cardiac function following myocardial infarction.

Mesenchymal stem cell therapy involves the secretion of various factors to regulate the local microenvironment in various of diseases. This therapy offers hope for treating acute myocardial infarction (MI), which poses a serious threat to human health. However, challenges such as low paracrine efficiency and poor cell survival persist due to the harsh post-infarction conditions, such as hypoxia.

The Role of 18F-FDG PET/CT Combined With MPI in Cogan's Syndrome With Multiple Arteritis and Coronary Involvement: A Case Report.

We present a case of a 49-year-old woman who complained of chest pain after activity for 3 months. She had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on the left main (LM) and right coronary artery (RCA) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) 1 year ago. At this admission, a coronary angiogram (CAG) revealed stent restenosis.

Sensation seeking and risk adjustment: the role of reward sensitivity in dynamic risky decisions.

Objective: The primary objective of our research is to delve into the relationships between sensation seeking (SS), reward sensitivity (RS), and risk adjustment (RA) within the context of dynamic risk-taking behaviors. By integrating the reinforcement learning model and neural measures obtained from dynamic risk-taking tasks, we aim to explore how these personality traits influence individual decision-making processes and engagement in risk-related activities. We aim to dissect the neural and cognitive mechanisms underlying this interplay, thereby shedding light on the stable brain-based characteristics contributing to the observed variability in risk-taking and decision-making behaviors.

Psychological health of healthcare workers during Shanghai lockdown: Prevalence and associated factors.

The 2022 Shanghai COVID-19 lockdown may lead to mental health issues among healthcare workers (HCWs). A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate psychological health and its associated factors among HCWs. A total of 253 hCWs were recruited in Shanghai, China, through convenience sampling method.

Low sarcopenia index predicts intra-abdominal infection in patients with abdominal trauma.

Objectives: Prediction of intra-abdominal infection (IAI) in patients with abdominal trauma is crucial, yet reliable predictive indicators are currently lacking. The sarcopenia index (SI) is a readily available indicator of clinical outcomes in several diseases that holds diagnostic and prognostic value. The aim of this study is to assess the predictive value of SI for IAI in patients with abdominal trauma.