Efficacy and safety evaluation of imidafenacin administered twice daily for continency recovery following radical prostatectomy in prostate cancer patients: Prospective open-label case-controlled randomized trial.

Purpose: This study aims to prospectively analyze the effects of anticholinergic therapy using imidafenacin on detrusor overactivity occurring after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP).

Materials And Methods: Patients were followed-up at outpatient visits 2-4 weeks post-surgery (visit 2) to confirm the presence of urinary incontinence. Those confirmed with urinary incontinence were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to the anticholinergic medication group (imidafenacin 0.

Effect of RNF113A deficiency on oxidative stress-induced NRF2 pathway.

The ring finger protein 113A (RNF113A) serves as an E3 ubiquitin ligase and a subunit of the spliceosome. Mutations in the gene are associated with X-linked trichothiodystrophy (TTD). However, the cellular roles of RNF113A remain largely unknown.

Rheological and Flexural Strength Characteristics of Cement Mixtures through the Synergistic Effects of Graphene Oxide and PVA Fibers.

This study investigates the synergistic effects of incorporating graphene oxide (GO) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers into cement paste mixtures, aiming to modify their rheological properties and flexural behaviors with resistance to crack formation. The relationship between static yield stress and critical shear strain was examined in ten cement paste mixtures with varying concentrations of 6 mm and 12 mm PVA fibers and 0.05% GO.

Unraveling the role of the mitochondrial one-carbon pathway in undifferentiated thyroid cancer by multi-omics analyses.

The role of the serine/glycine metabolic pathway (SGP) has recently been demonstrated in tumors; however, the pathological relevance of the SGP in thyroid cancer remains unexplored. Here, we perform metabolomic profiling of 17 tumor-normal pairs; bulk transcriptomics of 263 normal thyroid, 348 papillary, and 21 undifferentiated thyroid cancer samples; and single-cell transcriptomes from 15 cases, showing the impact of mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism in thyroid tumors. High expression of serine hydroxymethyltransferase-2 (SHMT2) and methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 (MTHFD2) is associated with low thyroid differentiation scores and poor clinical features.

Arteriovenous Metabolomics to Measure In Vivo Metabolite Exchange in Brown Adipose Tissue.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a crucial role in regulating metabolic homeostasis through a unique energy expenditure process known as non-shivering thermogenesis. To achieve this, BAT utilizes a diverse menu of circulating nutrients to support its high metabolic demand. Additionally, BAT secretes metabolite-derived bioactive factors that can serve as either metabolic fuels or signaling molecules, facilitating BAT-mediated intratissue and/or intertissue communication.

Metabolite Changes during the Transition from Hyperthyroidism to Euthyroidism in Patients with Graves' Disease.

Backgruound: An excess of thyroid hormones in Graves' disease (GD) has profound effects on systemic energy metabolism that are currently partially understood. In this study, we aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the metabolite changes that occur when patients with GD transition from hyperthyroidism to euthyroidism with methimazole treatment.

Methods: Eighteen patients (mean age, 38.

NPFFR2 Contributes to the Malignancy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development by Activating RhoA/YAP Signaling.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a diverse family of cell surface receptors implicated in various physiological functions, making them common targets for approved drugs. Many GPCRs are abnormally activated in cancers and have emerged as therapeutic targets for cancer. Neuropeptide FF receptor 2 (NPFFR2) is a GPCR that helps regulate pain and modulates the opioid system; however, its function remains unknown in cancers.

MsrB1-regulated GAPDH oxidation plays programmatic roles in shaping metabolic and inflammatory signatures during macrophage activation.

Classically activated pro-inflammatory macrophages are generated from naive macrophages by pro-inflammatory cues that dynamically reprogram their fuel metabolism toward glycolysis. This increases their intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, which then activate the transcription and release of pro-inflammatory mediators. Our study on mice that lack methionine sulfoxide reductase (Msr)-B1 shows that the resulting partial loss of protein methionine reduction in pro-inflammatory macrophages creates a unique metabolic signature characterized by altered fuel utilization, including glucose and pyruvate.

MCL-1 is a master regulator of cancer dependency on fatty acid oxidation.

MCL-1 is an anti-apoptotic BCL-2 family protein essential for survival of diverse cell types and is a major driver of cancer and chemoresistance. The mechanistic basis for the oncogenic supremacy of MCL-1 among its anti-apoptotic homologs is unclear and implicates physiologic roles of MCL-1 beyond apoptotic suppression. Here we find that MCL-1-dependent hematologic cancer cells specifically rely on fatty acid oxidation (FAO) as a fuel source because of metabolic wiring enforced by MCL-1 itself.

The role of immunomodulatory metabolites in shaping the inflammatory response of macrophages.

Macrophage activation has long been implicated in a myriad of human pathophysiology, particularly in the context of the dysregulated capacities of an unleashing intracellular or/and extracellular inflammatory response. A growing number of studies have functionally coupled the macrophages' inflammatory capacities with dynamic metabolic reprogramming which occurs during activation, albeit the results have been mostly interpreted through classic metabolism point of view; macrophages take advantage of the rewired metabolism as a source of energy and for biosynthetic precursors. However, a specific subset of metabolic products, namely immune-modulatory metabolites, has recently emerged as significant regulatory signals which control inflammatory responses in macrophages and the relevant extracellular milieu.

Effect of Intraoperatively Detected Bacteriobilia on Surgical Outcomes After Pancreatoduodenectomy: Analysis of a Prospective Database in a Single Institute.

Background: Bacteriobilia, the colonization of bacteria in bile, can be caused by obstructive cholangitis or preoperative biliary drainage (PBD), and is not uncommon condition in patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy (PD). This study aims to investigate the effect of intraoperatively detected bacteriobilia on surgical outcomes after PD.

Methods: For patients who underwent PD in Samsung Medical Center between 2018 and 2020, an intraoperative bile culture was performed prospectively, and their clinicopathological data were retrospectively reviewed.

Prognosis of pancreatic head cancer with different patterns of lymph node metastasis.

Background: The nodal stage of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is revised in the AJCC 8th edition. Studies on the prognosis of PDAC according to lymph node metastasis (LNM) are still ongoing. We attempted to find the patterns of nodal involvement and to reveal its clinical significance to overall survival (OS).

Biosensor-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for the Quantification of Methionine Oxidation in Target Proteins.

Methionine oxidation is involved in regulating the protein activity and often leads to protein malfunction. However, tools for quantitative analyses of protein-specific methionine oxidation are currently unavailable. In this work, we developed a biological sensor that quantifies oxidized methionine in the form of methionine--sulfoxide in target proteins.

The impact of portal vein resection on outcome of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Backgrounds/aims: Portal vein resection (PVR) with major hepatic resection can increase the rate of curative resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HC). However, the oncologic role and safety of PVR is still debatable. This study aims to analyze PVR in terms of safety and therapeutic effectiveness.

The diagnostic and prognostic values of inflammatory markers in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm.

Background: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) is an broad-spectrum disease from benign to malignant. Inflammatory markers are known as prognostic predictors in various diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine the predictive value of inflammatory markers for prognosis in IPMN.

Minimally Invasive Versus Open Pancreatectomy for Right-Sided and Left-Sided G1/G2 Nonfunctioning Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Multicenter Matched Analysis with an Inverse Probability of Treatment-Weighting Method.

Background: Limited evidence exists for the safety and oncologic efficacy of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for nonfunctioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NF-PNETs) according to tumor location. This study aimed to compare the surgical outcomes of MIS and open surgery (OS) for right- or left-sided NF-PNETs.

Methods: The study collected data on patients who underwent surgical resection (pancreatoduodenectomy, distal/total/central pancreatectomy, duodenum-preserving pancreas head resection, or enucleation) of a localized NF-PNET between January 2000 and July 2017 at 14 institutions.

Hydrogen Barriers Based on Chemical Trapping Using Chemically Modulated AlO Grown by Atomic Layer Deposition for InGaZnO Thin-Film Transistors.

In this study, the excellent hydrogen barrier properties of the atomic-layer-deposition-grown AlO (ALD AlO) are first reported for improving the stability of amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide (a-IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs). Chemical species in AlO were artificially modulated during the ALD process using different oxidants, such as HO and O (HO-AlO and O-AlO, respectively). When hydrogen was incorporated into the HO-AlO-passivated TFT, a large negative shift in (ca.

Development, validation, and comparison of a nomogram based on radiologic findings for predicting malignancy in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas: An international multicenter study.

Background: Although we previously proposed a nomogram to predict malignancy in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) and validated it in an external cohort, its application is challenging without data on tumor markers. Moreover, existing nomograms have not been compared. This study aimed to develop a nomogram based on radiologic findings and to compare its performance with previously proposed American and Korean/Japanese nomograms.

Development of a novel fluorescent biosensor for dynamic monitoring of metabolic methionine redox status in cells and tissues.

Aberrant production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to tissue damage accumulation, which is associated with a myriad of human pathologies. Although several sensors have been developed for ROS quantification, their applications for ROS-related human physiologies and pathologies still remain problematic due to the unstable nature of ROS. Herein, we developed Trx1-cpYFP-fRMsr (TYfR), a genetically-encoded fluorescent biosensor with the remarkable specificity and sensitivity toward fMetRO (free Methionine-R-sulfoxide), allowing for dynamic quantification of physiological levels of fMetRO, a novel indicator of ROS and methionine redox status in vitro and in vivo.

Should Lymph Nodes Be Retrieved in Patients with Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma? A Collaborative Korea-Japan Study.

Background: This study was performed to investigate the oncologic role of lymph node (LN) management and to propose a surgical strategy for treating intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC).

Methods: The medical records of patients with resected IHCC were retrospectively reviewed from multiple institutions in Korea and Japan. Short-term and long-term oncologic outcomes were analyzed according to lymph node metastasis (LNM).

Risk prediction for malignant intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas: logistic regression versus machine learning.

Most models for predicting malignant pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms were developed based on logistic regression (LR) analysis. Our study aimed to develop risk prediction models using machine learning (ML) and LR techniques and compare their performances. This was a multinational, multi-institutional, retrospective study.

Bioinspired DNase-I-Coated Melanin-Like Nanospheres for Modulation of Infection-Associated NETosis Dysregulation.

The current outbreak of the beta-coronavirus (beta-Cov) severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) began in December 2019. No specific antiviral treatments or vaccines are currently available. A recent study has reported that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, is associated with neutrophil-specific plasma membrane rupture, and release excessive neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and extracellular DNAs (eDNAs).

Prognostic Impact of Intra-Ampullary Papillary-Tubular Neoplasm versus Flat Dysplasia as Precursor Lesions of Ampullary Adenocarcinoma.

Background: The aim of this study is to compare the prognostic impact of 2 precursor lesions of ampullary adenocarcinoma, intra-ampullary papillary-tubular neoplasm (IAPN) and flat dysplasia (FD).

Methods: From December 1994 to December 2012, a total of 359 patients underwent curative surgery for ampullary adenocarcinoma.

Results: The precursor lesions were IAPNs in 134 (37.