Homochiral carbon nanotube van der Waals crystals.

For applications of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in integrated circuits, it is crucial to have high-tube density arrays of SWNTs that are well aligned and purely semiconducting. In this work, we report on the direct growth of close-packed SWNT arrays on hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) substrates, demonstrating high alignment and uniform chirality within each array. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that a self-assembly growth mechanism resulted from the intertube van der Waals attraction and the ultralow sliding friction of SWNTs on the atomically flat hBN substrate.

Sexual reproduction in plants under high temperature and drought stress.

Climate-change-induced extreme heat and drought increasingly threaten plant growth and development, with a particularly significant impact on sexual reproduction. Heat and drought stress can disrupt key stages of plant sexual reproduction, including flowering time, gametophyte development, pollination, and seed formation, leading to infertility and substantial yield reductions in crops. This review systematically summarizes the latest research on the effects of heat and drought stress on various stages of plant sexual reproduction and proposes specific strategies to mitigate the agricultural hazards posed by these stresses.

Effectiveness, safety, and patterns of use of camrelizumab in advanced esophageal cancer: an individual patient data pooled analysis of 987 patients from three prospective cohort studies.

Background And Aims: This individual patient data pooled analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and patterns of use of camrelizumab in a large cohort of advanced esophageal cancer (AEC) patients.

Approach And Results: Adult patients (≥ 18 years) who had received camrelizumab as part of AEC treatment were pooled from three independent, prospective observational cohort studies (NCT04616040, ChiCTR1900027275, and ChiCTR2000039499). The main outcomes were patterns of camrelizumab use, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety in the overall population and specific subgroups of underrepresented patients.

Interleukin-6: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives in Atrial Fibrillation.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent cardiac arrhythmia with a multifactorial pathophysiology involving electrical, structural, and autonomic remodeling of the atria. AF is closely associated with elevated interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, which contribute to atrial remodeling and the progression of AF. This review summarizes the mechanisms by which IL-6 promotes AF through inflammatory pathways, atrial fibrosis, electrical remodeling, and calcium mishandling.

Accelerate Cutting Tasks in Real-Time Interactive Cutting Simulation of Deformable Objects.

Simulation speed is crucial for virtual reality simulators involving real-time interactive cutting of deformable objects, such as surgical simulators. Previous efforts to accelerate these simulations resulted in significant speed increases during non-cutting periods, but only moderate ones during cutting periods. This paper aims to further increase the latter.

Identification, Pathogenicity, and Antimicrobial Resistance Analysis of Bacterial Pathogenesis from Hybrid Sturgeon ( ♀ × ♂) in Zhejiang, China.

In 2019, a disease outbreak struck a hybrid sturgeon farm ( ♀ × ♂) in Tiantai, Zhejiang province, leading to the deaths of 8000 sturgeons. The sturgeons exhibited reduced appetite, lethargic and uncoordinated swimming, and physical signs such as reddish petechiae and ulcers on the body and fins. Hemorrhagic spots were observed on the kidneys, spleen, and gonads, alongside reddish intestines with hemorrhagic ascites in the abdominal cavity.

Microbiota contribute to regulation of the gut-testis axis in seasonal spermatogenesis.

Seasonal breeding is an important adaptive strategy for animals. Recent studies have highlighted the potential role of the gut microbiota in reproductive health. However, the relationship between the gut microbiota and reproduction in seasonal breeders remains unclear.

A Joint Pharmacometric Model of Iohexol and Creatinine Administered through a Meat Meal to Assess GFR and Renal OCT2/MATE Activity.

Accurately assessing glomerular filtration rate (GFR) from plasma creatinine concentrations is challenging in patients with unstable renal function. This study aimed to refine the understanding of creatinine kinetics for more reliable assessments of GFR and net creatinine tubular secretion (nCTS) via OCT2/MATE in humans. In a clinical study of 14 healthy volunteers, iohexol was administered intravenously as a reference GFR marker, and creatinine was introduced through a meat meal.

Lymphocyte subsets predict mortality in acute paraquat poisoning.

Paraquat (PQ) is a highly effective herbicide widely used in agricultural production, known for its strong herbicidal power, rapid action, and minimal environmental pollution. However, it is also highly toxic to humans and animals, with acute lung injury (ALI) being the primary cause of death. While the toxic mechanisms of PQ have been studied from various perspectives, its effects on lymphocytes and their subsets remain unclear.

Erratum: Curcumin induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells and inhibits tumor growth and .

[This corrects the article on p. 2818 in vol. 7, PMID: 25031701.

Analysis of Factors Related to Urinary Tract Infections in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome and Preliminary Exploration of Treatment Strategies.

Objective: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a common disorder in children that significantly affects their health. Children with NS often suffer from urinary tract infections (UTIs), which are common complications that not only complicate treatment but also worsen prognosis. The aim of this study was to analyze the factors associated with UTIs in children with NS and investigate potential intervention strategies.

Satellite-Based Estimation of Nitrous Oxide Concentration and Emission in a Large Estuary.

Estuaries are nitrous oxide (NO) emission hotspots and play an important role in the global NO budget. However, the large spatiotemporal variability of emission in complex estuary environments is challenging for large-scale monitoring and budget quantification. This study retrieved water environmental variables associated with NO cycling based on satellite imagery and developed a machine learning model for NO concentration estimations.

Clinical features and outcomes of pseudolithiasis induced by ceftriaxone in Chinese children: a single-center observational study.

Introduction: Ceftriaxone (CTX) is widely used in pediatric infectious disease treatment, although the diagnostic and therapeutic management of CTX-induced gallbladder pseudolithiasis (PL) remains challenging. In this study, we investigated the occurrence, clinical features, and management of CTX-induced PL in children.

Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted on 185 pediatric patients receiving CTX at a single center.

Validating Low-Dose Iohexol as a Marker for Glomerular Filtration Rate by In Vitro and In Vivo Studies.

Clearance of an intravenous iohexol dose of 3235 mg is used to assess glomerular filtration rate (GFR), although systematic assessment of its pharmacokinetic (PK) properties is incomplete. The objectives of the present investigations were (i) to assess potential interactions of iohexol with important drug transporters, and (ii) whether a 259 mg dose could replace the current standard dose. In vitro, we evaluated whether iohexol inhibits or is transported by renal transporters (hOAT1/3, hOCT2, and hMATE1/2K) or other transporters (hOATP1B1/3, hOCT1, and hMDR1) using cell-based and vesicle-based systems.

Dimerizing DNA-AgNCs a C-Ag-C structure for fluorescence sensing with dual-output signals.

The unique insertion capability of Ag into cytosine-cytosine (C-Ag-C) mismatch-base pairs enables precise fabrication of DNA-trapped silver nanoclusters (DNA-AgNCs) through varying the DNA sequences, thereby offering precise assembly of DNA-AgNCs and demonstrating great fluorescence applications. However, most of the DNA-AgNC-based fluorescence sensors have a single output signal. Herein, we developed a dimerized DNA-AgNC system through C-Ag-C connection at the 3'-end of a designed DNA.

Analysis of factors influencing the awareness of inpatients regarding hospital clinical pharmacy services and willingness to pay: a multicenter survey in Hebei Province, China.

Introduction: Pharmacists are increasingly adopting patient-centered roles, improving healthcare outcomes by reducing medication errors and costs. In China, recent healthcare reforms recognize and compensate for pharmacy services. However, patient awareness of these services and their willingness to pay (WTP) remain underexplored.

Effect of different scanning threshold triggers on the image quality of brain computed tomography angiography: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The scanning trigger threshold affects image quality. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different scanning trigger thresholds on brain computed tomography angiography (CTA) image quality.

Methods: In this prospective study, 80 patients undergoing brain CTA examinations with dual-layer CT (DLCT) were randomly divided into group A and group B, with 40 patients in each group.

LGALS3BP: A Potential Prognostic Biomarker Influencing Antitumor Immunity in Triple-negative Breast Cancer.

Objective: LGALS3BP exhibits differential expression in various types of tumors. This study aimed to analyze its potential diagnostic and prognostic value in Triple- negative Breast Cancer (TNBC).

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive analysis of LGALS3BP's differential expression and its association with patient survival outcomes using data from public databases.

Global trends and risk factors in gastric cancer: a comprehensive analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 and multi-omics data.

Gastric cancer (GC) remains a significant global health challenge. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze GC epidemiology and risk factors to inform prevention and intervention strategies. We analyzed the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 data, conducted 16 different machine learning (ML) models of NHANES data, performed Mendelian randomization (MR) studies on disease phenotypes, dietary preferences, microbiome, blood-based markers, and integrated differential gene expression and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data from multiple cohorts to identify factors associated with GC risk.

Disruption of tumor-intrinsic PGAM5 increases anti-PD-1 efficacy through the CCL2 signaling pathway.

Background: Immunosuppressive phenotype compromised immunotherapy efficacy of hepatocellular carcinoma. Tumor cells intrinsic mitochondria dynamics could pass effects on the extracellular microenvironment through mtDNA stress. PGAM5 anchors at mitochondria and regulates mitochondria functions.

A genome-wide association study of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in a large Korean population highlights its genetic relationship with cholesterol metabolism.

High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is a representative biomarker of systemic inflammation and is associated with numerous chronic diseases. To explore the biological pathways and functions underlying chronic inflammation, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and several post-GWAS analyses of the hsCRP levels. This study was performed on data from 71,019 Koreans and is one of the largest East Asian studies.

Observation of quantum oscillations near the Mott-Ioffe-Regel limit in CaAs.

The Mott-Ioffe-Regel limit sets the lower bound of the carrier mean free path for coherent quasiparticle transport. Metallicity beyond this limit is of great interest because it is often closely related to quantum criticality and unconventional superconductivity. Progress along this direction mainly focuses on the strange-metal behaviors originating from the evolution of the quasiparticle scattering rate, such as linear-in-temperature resistivity, while the quasiparticle coherence phenomena in this regime are much less explored due to the short mean free path at the diffusive bound.

Eutrophication-Driven Changes in Plankton Trophic Interactions: Insights from Trade-Offs in Functional Traits.

Understanding how plankton trophic interactions, particularly phytoplankton nutrient uptake and zooplankton grazing, respond to eutrophication is important for maintaining aquatic ecosystem functions and developing effective mitigation strategies. Phytoplankton exhibit trade-offs in functional traits between growth rate and antipredation defense, thereby regulating these trophic interactions. However, the combined effects of eutrophication and such trait-based regulation on plankton communities and interactions remain poorly understood.

Role of PD-1 in modulating IFN-γ-CXCL9/10-CXCR3 signaling in breast cancer.

Breast cancer represents a significant health burden globally, necessitating ongoing advancements in treatment strategies for improved patient outcomes. Immunotherapy, particularly targeting immune checkpoints like programmed death-1 (PD-1), has emerged as a promising approach in cancer therapy. This study focuses on elucidating the role of PD-1 in modulating the IFN-γ-CXCL9/10-CXCR3 signaling axis within the breast cancer microenvironment.