Short-Chain Fatty Acids: Promising Therapeutic Targets for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection.

The intestinal microbiota is a complex community of organisms present in the human gastrointestinal tract, some of which can produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) through the fermentation of dietary fiber. SCFAs play a major role in mediating the intestinal microbiota's regulation of host immunity and intestinal homeostasis. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can cause an imbalance between anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory responses in the host.

Cross-sectional study of proteomic differences between moderate and severe psoriasis.

Although an ongoing understanding of psoriasis vulgaris (PV) pathogenesis, little is known about the proteomic differences between moderate and severe psoriasis. In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated the proteomic differences between moderate and severe psoriasis using data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS). 173 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were significantly differentially expressed between the two groups.

Persistent Penumbral Profiles Indicate a Potentially Good Outcome in Acute Stroke Patients Without Major Reperfusion.

Background: It is acknowledged that penumbra can exist beyond 24 hours after stroke onset.

Aims: The aim of this study was to explore the association between penumbral persistence at 24-72 hours and clinical outcomes in patients who did not achieve major reperfusion.

Methods: Eligible patients participating in the International Stroke Perfusion Imaging Registry with repeated 24-72 hours perfusion imaging were retrospectively included in this study.

[Clinical characteristics and prognosis of type 1 infratentorial superficial siderosis].

A total of 7 patients with type 1 infratentorial superficial siderosis(iSS-1)in Memory Clinic at Huashan Hospital, Fudan University from March 2019 to March 2023 were respectively collected to analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment, and followed up for 12 months. There were 7 patients, 2 males and 5 females, aged 56 (49-60) years. The 4 patients who underwent cognitive assessment had varying degree of cognitive impairment, with 2 patients exhibiting severe executive function impairment.

Microstructural white matter injury contributes to cognitive decline: Besides amyloid and tau.

Background: Cognitive decline and the progression to Alzheimer's disease (AD) are traditionally associated with amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau pathologies. This study aims to evaluate the relationships between microstructural white matter injury, cognitive decline and AD core biomarkers.

Methods: We conducted a longitudinal study of 566 participants using peak width of skeletonized mean diffusivity (PSMD) to quantify microstructural white matter injury.

Optimization of Ultra Lightweight Mirror and Opto-Mechanical-Thermal Coupling Analysis Based on Solar Thermal Radiation.

To improve maneuverability, the focus of photoelectric theodolites is on reducing the weight of the primary mirror and enhancing its optical performance. This study uses MOAT and Sobol methods to identify key parameters that affect design. Using the high-sensitivity part as the optimization domain, six optimization results were obtained based on the multi-objective SIMP topology optimization method and synthesized into a compromise optimization structure.

Comparative Analysis of and Virulence Among Foodborne and Clinical Strains.

is one of the most important foodborne pathogens that can cause invasive listeriosis. In this study, the virulence levels of 26 strains of isolated from food and clinical samples in Shanghai, China, between 2020 and 2022 were analyzed. There were significant differences among isolates in terms of their mortality rate in , cytotoxicity to JEG-3 cells, hemolytic activity, and expression of important virulence genes.

A bi-kinase module sensitizes and potentiates plant immune signaling.

Systemic signaling is an essential hallmark of multicellular life. Pathogen encounter occurs locally but triggers organ-scale and organismic immune responses. In plants, elicitor perception provokes systemically expanding Ca and HO signals conferring immunity.

Comprehensive Analysis of Conventional and Bioactive Compositions of the Exocarp of Five Mainly-Planted Ginkgo Biloba Varieties.

Ginkgo biloba (G. biloba) exocarp, a by-product of seed production, is produced in an amount of over 75,000 tons annually in China. However, due to the lack of suitable processing methods, it is predominantly discarded as agricultural waste, resulting in substantial waste of resource.

Electrodepositing Ag on Anodized Stainless Steel for Enhanced Antibacterial Properties and Corrosion Resistance.

Antibacterial stainless steels have been widely used in biomedicine, food, and water treatment. However, the current antibacterial stainless steels face challenges in balancing corrosion resistance and antibacterial effectiveness, limiting their application range and lifespan. In this study, an oxide layer sealed with antibacterial Ag particles was constructed on the surface of 304 stainless steel through anodizing and electrodeposition, and the process parameters were optimized for achieving long-term antibacterial properties.

3D-Printed PCL Scaffolds Loaded with bFGF and BMSCs Enhance Tendon-Bone Healing in Rat Rotator Cuff Tears by Immunomodulation and Osteogenesis Promotion.

Rotator cuff tears are the most common conditions in sports medicine and attract increasing attention. Scar tissue healing at the tendon-bone interface results in a high rate of retears, making it a major challenge to enhance the healing of the rotator cuff tendon-bone interface. Biomaterials currently employed for tendon-bone healing in rotator cuff tears still exhibit limited efficacy.

B-Type Trimeric Procyanidins Attenuate Nonalcoholic Hepatic Steatosis Through AMPK/mTOR Signaling Pathway in Oleic Acid-Induced HepG2 Cells and High-Fat Diet- Fed Zebrafish.

NAFLD is one of the most common and rapidly increasing liver diseases. Procyanidin C1 and procyanidin C2, B-type trimeric procyanidins, show beneficial effects on regulating lipid metabolism. However, the mechanism underlying these effects remain elusive.

LCAT deficiency promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression and lenvatinib resistance by promoting triglyceride catabolism and fatty acid oxidation.

Lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), a crucial enzyme in lipid metabolism, plays important yet poorly understood roles in tumours, especially in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, our investigation revealed that LCAT is a key downregulated metabolic gene and an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in patients with HCC. Functional experiments showed that LCAT inhibited HCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion.

Dimerizing DNA-AgNCs a C-Ag-C structure for fluorescence sensing with dual-output signals.

The unique insertion capability of Ag into cytosine-cytosine (C-Ag-C) mismatch-base pairs enables precise fabrication of DNA-trapped silver nanoclusters (DNA-AgNCs) through varying the DNA sequences, thereby offering precise assembly of DNA-AgNCs and demonstrating great fluorescence applications. However, most of the DNA-AgNC-based fluorescence sensors have a single output signal. Herein, we developed a dimerized DNA-AgNC system through C-Ag-C connection at the 3'-end of a designed DNA.

Analysis of factors influencing the awareness of inpatients regarding hospital clinical pharmacy services and willingness to pay: a multicenter survey in Hebei Province, China.

Introduction: Pharmacists are increasingly adopting patient-centered roles, improving healthcare outcomes by reducing medication errors and costs. In China, recent healthcare reforms recognize and compensate for pharmacy services. However, patient awareness of these services and their willingness to pay (WTP) remain underexplored.

Effect of different scanning threshold triggers on the image quality of brain computed tomography angiography: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The scanning trigger threshold affects image quality. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different scanning trigger thresholds on brain computed tomography angiography (CTA) image quality.

Methods: In this prospective study, 80 patients undergoing brain CTA examinations with dual-layer CT (DLCT) were randomly divided into group A and group B, with 40 patients in each group.

Prourokinase vs Standard Care for Patients With Mild Ischemic Stroke: The PUMICE Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Trials have not demonstrated superiority of alteplase or tenecteplase vs standard care in patients with mild stroke and have raised safety concerns. Prourokinase is an alternative fibrinolytic that may have a favorable safety profile, and the benefit-risk profile of prourokinase in mild stroke is unknown.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of prourokinase in mild ischemic stroke within 4.

Deciphering Immunometabolic Landscape in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Integrative Multiomics, Explainable Machine Learning and Experimental Validation.

Purpose: Immunometabolism is pivotal in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis, yet the intricacies of its pathological regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study explores the complex immunometabolic landscape of RA to identify potential therapeutic targets.

Patients And Methods: We integrated genome-wide association study (GWAS) data involving 1,400 plasma metabolites, 731 immune cell traits, and RA outcomes from over 58,000 participants.

Chinese stroke association guidelines on reperfusion therapy for acute ischaemic stroke 2024.

Background: Stroke remains a major global health challenge, with China experiencing a significant burden due to its high incidence and severe outcomes. Reperfusion therapies, such as intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular thrombectomy, have shown substantial benefits in improving early outcomes for ischaemic stroke. Recent clinical trials have validated the safety and efficacy of a broader range of thrombolytic agents and expanded the eligible patient populations for both intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy.

Development of a smartphone-assisted multiple colorimetric detection assay for GSH in food based on the degradation of gold nanorods.

Glutathione (GSH) is a tripeptide and natural reducing agent composed of glutamic acid, glycine, and cysteine. Its level in the human body is closely linked to human health, such as diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer. The supplementation of exogenous GSH could bring health benefits and GSH detection in food is of considerable importance.

Polydopamine-coated montmorillonite micro/nanoparticles enhanced pectin-based sprayable multifunctional liquid mulching films: Wind erosion resistance, water retention, and temperature increase/heat preservation properties.

Natural biopolymer-based liquid mulching films (LMF) have received widespread attention, whereas the fragile structure and limited functionality have severely restricted their application. Herein, polydopamine-coated montmorillonite micro/nanoparticles enhanced pectin-based sprayable multifunctional liquid mulching films (P-MMT@PDA LMF) were prepared. Dopamine has abundant active sites, and its self-polymerization onto the surface of MMT improves the compatibility of MMT with pectin chains, facilitates the homogeneous dispersion of MMT@PDA in pectin polymers, and makes them more tightly entangled through hydrogen bonding.

A deep learning approach versus expert clinician panel in the classification of posterior circulation infarction.

Background: Posterior circulation infarction (POCI) is common. Imaging techniques such as non-contrast-CT (NCCT) and diffusion-weighted-magnetic-resonance-imaging commonly fail to detect hyperacute POCI. Studies suggest expert inspection of Computed Tomography Perfusion (CTP) improves diagnosis of POCI.

Enhanced pullulanase production through expression system optimization and biofilm-immobilized fermentation strategies.

Pullulanase (PUL) plays a crucial role in breaking down α-1,6-glycosidic bonds in starch, a key process in starch processing and conversion. Based on PulB with high enzymatic activity, the expression of PUL in Bacillus subtilis was enhanced by plasmid screening, double promoter optimization, and signal peptide engineering. Furthermore, we innovatively employed a mussel foot protein to enhance the cell adhesion to carriers and utilized biofilm-based cell immobilization technology to optimize the fermentation process and stimulate biofilm formation.

A Drug-Drug Interaction Study of Mobocertinib and Midazolam, a Cytochrome P450 3A Substrate, in Patients With Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Mobocertinib is a kinase inhibitor designed to selectively target epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 20 insertion (ex20ins) mutations in non-small cell lung cancer. This drug-drug interaction study assessed the effect of multiple-dose administration of mobocertinib on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of midazolam, a sensitive cytochrome P450 3A substrate. Patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer refractory/intolerant to standard available therapy were enrolled.

Analysis of WD40 genes in kiwifruit reveals the key role of the light-induced AcTTG1-AcMYB75-AcbHLH2 complex in anthocyanin accumulation.

WD40 superfamily genes are integral to various aspects of plant growth and development. Despite the economic importance and agricultural significance of the kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis), a comprehensive characterization of the WD40 superfamily in this species remains elusive. In this study, we identified 280 WD40-encoding genes within the kiwifruit genome and systematically analyzed their phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, functional domains, and synteny.