Lipase-based MIL-100(Fe) biocomposites as chiral stationary phase for high-efficiency capillary electrochromatographic enantioseparation.

A novel chiral porous column was fabricated by lipase immobilized MIL-100(Fe) biocomposites as chiral stationary phase through covalent coupling and applied to capillary electrochromatographic enantioseparation. MOF-based lipase biocomposites not only enhance stereoselective activities but also improve the stability and applicability of the enzyme. The functionalized porous columns were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction.

Clinical application of deep learning-based synthetic CT from real MRI to improve dose planning accuracy in Gamma Knife radiosurgery: a proof of concept study.

Dose planning for Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) uses the magnetic resonance (MR)-based tissue maximum ratio (TMR) algorithm, which calculates radiation dose without considering heterogeneous radiation attenuation in the tissue. In order to plan the dose considering the radiation attenuation, the Convolution algorithm should be used, and additional radiation exposure for computed tomography (CT) and registration errors between MR and CT are entailed. This study investigated the clinical feasibility of synthetic CT (sCT) from GKRS planning MR using deep learning.

Utilization of ionic deep eutectic solvent as sustainable mobile phase additive in high-performance liquid chromatography for improving the separation of biogenic amines.

Biogenic amines are present in large quantities in fermented foods and are a key marker for assessing food safety. This paper proposes a novel method for high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of biogenic amines using deep eutectic solvent as a mobile phase additive. After screening eight synthetic deep eutectic solvents and comparing them with several common additives, deep eutectic solvents based on choline chloride and ethylene glycol showed significant effects in improving the separation of biogenic amines.

Development of a deep learning-based algorithm for the automatic detection and quantification of aortic valve calcium.

Purpose: We aimed to develop a deep learning (DL)-based algorithm for automated quantification of aortic valve calcium (AVC) from non-enhanced electrocardiogram-gated cardiac CT scans and compare performance of DL-measured AVC volume and Agatston score with those of visual gradings by radiologist readers for classification of AVC severity.

Method: A total of 589 CT examinations performed at a single center between March 2010 and August 2017 were retrospectively included. The DL algorithm was designed to segment AVC and to quantify AVC volume, and Agatston score was calculated using attenuation values.

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Induce Autophagy and Apoptosis via Oxidative Injury and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in Primary Astrocyte Cultures.

The present study examined the potential toxic concentrations of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and associated autophagy and apoptosis-related injuries in primary neocortical astrocyte cultures. Concentrations of ZnO NPs ≥3 μg/mL induced significant toxicity in the astrocytes. At 24 h after exposure to the ZnO NPs, transmission electron microscopy revealed swelling of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and increased numbers of autophagolysosomes in the cultured astrocytes, and increased levels of LC3 (microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3)-mediated autophagy were identified by flow cytometry.

Vibrations Generated by Several Nickel-titanium Endodontic File Systems during Canal Shaping in an Ex Vivo Model.

Introduction: This study aimed to compare the vibration generated by several nickel-titanium (NiTi) file systems and transmitted to teeth under 2 different motions (continuous rotation motion and reciprocating motion).

Methods: Sixty J-shaped resin blocks (Endo Training Bloc-J; Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) were trimmed to a root-shaped form and divided into 2 groups according to the types of electric motors: WaveOne motor (WOM, Dentsply Maillefer) and X-Smart Plus motor (XSM, Dentsply Maillefer). Each group was further subdivided into 3 subgroups (n = 10 each) according to the designated file systems: ProTaper Next (PTN, Dentsply Maillefer), ProTaper Universal (PTU, Dentsply Maillefer), and WaveOne (WOP, Dentsply Maillefer) systems.