A ghost moth olfactory prototype of the lepidopteran sex communication.

Sex role differentiation is a widespread phenomenon. Sex pheromones are often associated with sex roles and convey sex-specific information. In Lepidoptera, females release sex pheromones to attract males, which evolve sophisticated olfactory structures to relay pheromone signals.

The role of immune cell death in spermatogenesis and male fertility.

The male reproductive system provides a distinctive shield to the immune system, safeguarding germ cells (GCs) from autoimmune harm. The testis in mammals creates a unique immunological setting due to its exceptional immune privilege and potent local innate immunity. which can result from a number of different circumstances, including disorders of the pituitary gland, GC aplasia, and immunological elements.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: pathogenesis and models.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a complex disease characterized by a massive accumulation of lipids in the liver, with a continuous progression of simple steatosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome; it is a severe public health risk and is currently the most common liver disease of the world. In addition to the fatty infiltration of the liver in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients, the field of liver transplantation faces similar obstacles.

Antennal transcriptome analysis of odorant-binding proteins and characterization of GOBP2 in the variegated cutworm .

Odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) are expressed at extremely high concentrations in the chemo-sensilla lymph of insects and have long been thought to be crucial for delivering the semiochemicals to the odorant receptors. They are represented by multiple classes: general odorant-binding proteins (GOBP1 and GOBP2) and pheromone-binding proteins. In the current study, we identified a total of 35 OBPs in the antennal transcriptome of , a worldwide pest that causes serious damage to various crops.

A mouthpart transcriptome for adults: identification of candidate chemoreceptors and investigation of expression patterns.

Moth mouthparts, consisting of labial palps and proboscis, not only are the feeding device but also are chemosensory organs for the detection of chemical signals from surrounding environment. Up to now, the chemosensory systems in the mouthpart of moths are largely unknown. Here, we performed systematic analyses of the mouthpart transcriptome of adult (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), a notorious pest that spreads worldwide.

Expression, affinity, and binding mode analysis of antennal-binding protein X in the variegated cutworm Peridroma saucia (Hübner).

The variegated cutworm Peridroma saucia (Hübner) is a worldwide pest that causes serious damage to many crops. Odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) are small soluble proteins involved in the first step of odorant reception. In moths, antennal-binding protein Xs (ABPXs) represent a main subfamily of classic OBPs.

Identification and expression analysis of chemosensory receptors in the tarsi of fall armyworm, (J. E. Smith).

Chemosensation of tarsi provides moths with the ability to detect chemical signals which are important for food recognition. However, molecular mechanisms underlying the chemosensory roles of tarsi are still unknown. The fall armyworm is a serious moth pest that can damage many plants worldwide.

Comparing the efficacy and complications of unilateral biportal endoscopic fusion versus minimally invasive fusion for lumbar degenerative diseases: a systematic review and mate-analysis.

Background: Unilateral biportal endoscopic (UBE) has been gradually applied in clinical practice. UBE has two channels, with good visual field and operating space, and has achieved good results in the treatment of lumbar spine diseases. Some scholars combine UBE with vertebral body fusion to replace traditional open fusion surgery and minimally invasive fusion surgery.

Inducible downregulation of miR-93 feedback promotes innate responses against RNA virus by amplifying interferon signaling.

Type I interferons (IFN) and their downstream effector signaling pathways play critical roles in the innate antiviral response. The underlying mechanisms that regulate IFN production and their effector signaling, especially by microRNAs, are well understood. We found that the expression of miR-93 was significantly downregulated by RNA virus infection in innate cells.

Sex pheromone communication in an insect parasitoid, Uchida.

Sex pheromones are pivotal for insect reproduction. However, the mechanism of sex pheromone communication remains enigmatic in hymenopteran parasitoids. Here we have identified the sex pheromone and elucidated the olfactory basis of sex pheromone communication in (Ichneumonidae), a solitary larval endoparasitoid of over 30 lepidopteran pests.

[Selection of upper instrumented vertebra for long-segment fixation in adult degenerative scoliosis].

Objective: To review the research progress of upper instrumented vertebra (UIV) selection strategy for long-segment fixation (LSF) in adult degenerative scoliosis (ADS).

Methods: The relevant domestic and foreign literature in recent years was reviewed, and the selection strategy of sagittal and coronal UIV for LSF in ADS patients, the relationship between UIV selection and proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) and proximal junctional failure (PJF), the impact of minimally invasive spine surgery on the selection strategy of UIV were summarized.

Results: LSF can restore the biomechanical balance of the spine and reconstruct the physiological curve of the spine for ADS patients.

Candidate chemosensory receptors in the antennae and maxillae of (J. E. Smith) larvae.

Although most of the damage caused by lepidopteran insects to plants is caused by the larval stage, chemosensory systems have been investigated much more frequently for lepidopteran adults than for larvae. The fall armyworm (J. E.

The Genetic Basis of Gene Expression Divergence in Antennae of Two Closely Related Moth Species, and .

The closely related species () and () have different host plant ranges and share two principal components of sex pheromones but with reversed ratios. The antennae are the main olfactory organ of insects and play a crucial role in host plant selection and mate seeking. However, the genetic basis for gene expression divergence in the antennae of the two species is unclear.

Application and modification of bone cement in vertebroplasty: A literature review.

Vertebral compression fractures are more common in the elderly, particularly in postmenopausal women. Most of these people are accompanied by osteoporosis, which can easily lead to spinal deformities and fractures. Once a fracture occurs, the patient would have severe pain response, limited spinal movement, and need to stay in bed for a long time, resulting in a significant decrease in their quality of life.

Influence of Three-Dimensional Visual Reconstruction Technology Combined with Virtual Surgical Planning of CTA Images on Precise Resection of Liver Cancer in Hepatobiliary Surgery.

Hepatobiliary malignancies, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and biliary tract cancers, namely, gallbladder carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma, are linked to a high rate of morbidity and mortality, depending on the phase of the disease. The intricate hepatobiliary anatomy and the need for accurate peroperative management, especially in patients with advanced liver disease, make these tumors difficult to treat. Surgical resection is a notable therapy for hepatobiliary cancers.

Identification and Characterization of Chemosensory Receptors in the Pheromone Gland-Ovipositor of (J. E. Smith).

Chemoreception by moth ovipositors has long been suggested, but underlying molecular mechanisms are mostly unknown. To reveal such chemosensory systems in the current study, we sequenced and assembled the pheromone gland-ovipositor (PG-OV) transcriptome of females of the fall armyworm, , a pest of many crops. We annotated a total of 26 candidate chemosensory receptor genes, including 12 odorant receptors (ORs), 4 gustatory receptors (GRs), and 10 ionotropic receptors (IRs).

Development of machine learning models for mortality risk prediction after cardiac surgery.

Background: We developed machine learning models that combine preoperative and intraoperative risk factors to predict mortality after cardiac surgery.

Methods: Machine learning involving random forest, neural network, support vector machine, and gradient boosting machine was developed and compared with the risk scores of EuroSCORE I and II, Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS), as well as a logistic regression model. Clinical data were collected from patients undergoing adult cardiac surgery at the First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital between December 2008 and December 2017.

Hepatic Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in Mice was Alleviated by Rac1 Inhibition - More Than Just ROS-inhibition.

Background And Aims: Reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production has proven an effective way for alleviating oxidative stress during ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Moreover, inhibition of Rac1 could reduce ROS production and prevent oxidative stress injury. Previous studies have suggested a positive interactivation feedback loop between Rac1 and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, the latter being up-regulated early during ischemia.

Preparation and Biocompatibility Evaluation of Nanoscale Isoniazide-Loaded Mineralized Collagen Implants for Tuberculous Bone and Joint Repair.

Bone and joint tuberculosis is an extremely severe infectious disease that commonly occurs due to the primary infection of a type of mycobacteria, called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Under the current scenario, there are very limited supplies of bone grafts available for the treatment of deceased bone, including autogenous bone and synthetic biomaterials. The present study aimed to construct a nanoscale isoniazid-loaded mineralized collagen implant, and then to explore its physicochemical properties and to investigate its biocompatibility suitable for bone and joint repair.

Machine learning approach to predict acute kidney injury after liver surgery.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) after surgery appears to increase the risk of death in patients with liver cancer. In recent years, machine learning algorithms have been shown to offer higher discriminative efficiency than classical statistical analysis.

Aim: To develop prediction models for AKI after liver cancer resection using machine learning techniques.

GOBP1 from the Variegated Cutworm (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Displays High Binding Affinities to the Behavioral Attractant ()-3-Hexenyl acetate.

The variegated cutworm (Hübner) is a worldwide pest that causes serious damage to many crops. To recognize sex pheromones and host plant volatiles, insects depend on olfactory chemoreception involving general odorant-binding proteins (GOBPs). In this study, was cloned from the adult antennae of .

Identification and comparative expression analysis of odorant-binding proteins in the reproductive system and antennae of Athetis dissimilis.

Odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) are prevalent in the antennal transcriptomes of different orders of insects. Studies on OBPs have focused on their role in the insect chemosensory system, but knowledge of their functions in the insect testis is limited. We sequenced the transcriptomes of the Athetis dissimilis reproductive organs and analyzed the expression of AdisOBP genes in different tissues.

A variable neighborhood search for the last-mile delivery problem during major infectious disease outbreak.

During major infectious disease outbreak, such as COVID-19, the goods and parcels supply and distribution for the isolated personnel has become a key issue worthy of attention. In this study, we propose a delivery problem that arises in the last-mile delivery during major infectious disease outbreak. The problem is to construct a Hamiltonian tour over a subset of candidate parking nodes, and each customer is assigned to the nearest parking node on the tour to pick up goods or parcels.

Identification and expression profiles of candidate chemosensory receptors in (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae).

Insect olfaction and vision play important roles in survival and reproduction. Diurnal butterflies mainly rely on visual cues whereas nocturnal moths rely on olfactory signals to locate external resources. Cramer (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae) is an important pest of the landscape tree in China and other Southeast Asian regions.

Antennal Lobe Atlas of an Emerging Corn Pest, .

Moths develop sophisticated olfactory systems to sense the airborne chemical cues from the environment. Understanding the structural basis in the neuronal center is a fundamental neuroethological step. Little is known about the emerging crop pest with regard to its morphology or its neuronal organizations.