Development of A Novel Multiplex TaqMan Probe qPCR Assay Distinguishing Dikaryotic ITS rDNA Types of (=) and .

Sclerotium rolfsii (=Agroathelia rolfsii) and S. delphinii are globally ubiquitous and prevalent soil-borne pathogens. These species are distinguishable by the morphology of their sclerotia formed on artificial media.

Effect of remimazolam versus propofol on hypotension after anesthetic induction in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: A randomized controlled trial.

Study Objective: There is scarce evidence on the hemodynamic stability of remimazolam during anesthetic induction in patients with significant coronary artery disease. This study aims to compare the effects of remimazolam and propofol on post-induction hypotension in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Development of a toroidally resolved broadband ECE imaging system for measurement of turbulent fluctuations on the KSTAR.

The two electron cyclotron emission imaging (ECEI) systems installed at adjacent ports (G and H) on the KSTAR tokamak incorporate large-aperture mm-wave optics, broadband electronics, and high speed digitization (up to 1 MSa/s) for 2D and quasi-3D visualization of MHD-scale fluid dynamics. Recently, the ECEI systems have been proved to be capable of visualization of smaller scale fluctuations albeit with a limited spatiotemporal resolution and even capable of measurement of ion cyclotron harmonic waves by direct high-speed sampling of the ECE IF signals. A four-channel prototype subsystem with a higher sampling rate up to 16 GS/s has been integrated into the G-port ECEI system, enabling the measurement of plasma waves in the GHz range in the form of modulated ECE signals and characterization of high-frequency turbulence during the evolution of pedestal.

Evaluation of the quality and quantity of artificial intelligence-generated responses about anesthesia and surgery: using ChatGPT 3.5 and 4.0.

Introduction: The large-scale artificial intelligence (AI) language model chatbot, Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT), is renowned for its ability to provide data quickly and efficiently. This study aimed to assess the medical responses of ChatGPT regarding anesthetic procedures.

Methods: Two anesthesiologist authors selected 30 questions representing inquiries patients might have about surgery and anesthesia.

Multilayered collagen-lipid hybrid nanovesicles for retinol stabilization and efficient skin delivery.

Lipid-based nanocarriers have been extensively utilized for the solubilization and cutaneous delivery of water-insoluble active ingredients in skincare formulations. However, their practical application is often limited by structural instability, leading to premature release and degradation of actives. Here we present highly robust multilamellar nanovesicles, prepared by the polyionic self-assembly of unilamellar vesicles with hydrolyzed collagen peptides, to stabilize all-trans-retinol and enhance its cutaneous delivery.

Improvement in functional motor scores in patients with non-ambulatory spinal muscle atrophy during Nusinersen treatment in South Korea: a single center study.

We analyzed the changes in various motor function scores over a four-year period in patients with non-ambulatory spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) during Nusinersen treatment. Patients underwent Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination (HINE) or Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale Expanded (HFMSE) before treatment, and approximately every 4 months thereafter. Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Infant Test of Neuromuscular Disorders (CHOP INTEND) or Children's Hospital of Philadelphia - Adult Test of Neuromuscular Disorders (CHOP ATEND), Revised Upper Limb Module (RULM), and Motor Function Measure (MFM) were performed based on baseline functional status.

Biomimetic Multilayered Lipid Nanovesicles for Potent Protein Vaccination.

Lipid vesicles are widely used for drug and gene delivery, but their structural instability reduces in vivo efficacy and requires specialized handling. To address these limitations, strategies like lipid cross-linking and polymer-lipid conjugation are suggested to enhance stability and biological efficacy. However, the in vivo metabolism of these altered lipids remains unclear, necessitating further studies.

Association between inflammation-based prognostic markers and mortality after hip replacement.

We aimed to evaluate the association between inflammation-based prognostic markers and mortality after hip replacement. From March 2010 to June 2020, we identified 5,369 consecutive adult patients undergoing hip replacement with C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, and complete blood count measured within six months before surgery. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to evaluate predictabilities and estimate thresholds of CRP-to-albumin ratio (CAR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR).

Preoperative C-reactive protein/albumin ratio and mortality of off-pump coronary artery bypass graft.

Background: We sought to investigate the prognostic value of preoperative C-reactive protein (CRP)-to-albumin ratio (CAR) for the prediction of mortality in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB).

Methods: From January 2010 to August 2016, adult patients undergoing OPCAB were analyzed retrospectively. In a total of 2,082 patients, preoperative inflammatory markers including CAR, CRP, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio were recorded.

Macrocyclic Conformational Switch Coupled with Pyridinium-Induced PET for Fluorescence Detection of Adenosine Triphosphate.

The binding of nucleotides is crucial for signal transduction as it induces conformational protein changes, leading to downstream cellular responses. Synthetic receptors that bind nucleotides and transduce the binding event into global conformational rearrangements are highly challenging to design, especially those that operate in an aqueous solution. Much work is focused on evaluating functionalized dyes to detect nucleotides, whereas coupling of a nucleotide-induced conformational switching to a sensing event has not been reported to date.

Genome-wide association analyses using machine learning-based phenotyping reveal genetic architecture of occupational creativity and overlap with psychiatric disorders.

Creativity is known to be heritable and exhibits familial aggregation with psychiatric disorders; however, the complex nature of their relationship has not been well-established. In the present study, we demonstrate that using an expanded and validated machine learning (ML)-based phenotyping of occupational creativity (OC) can allow us to further understand the trait of creativity, which was previously difficult to define and study. We conducted the largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) on OC with 241,736 participants from the UK Biobank and identified 25 lead variants that have not yet been reported and three candidate causal genes that were previously associated with educational attainment and psychiatric disorders.

Mitigation of BMP-induced inflammation in craniofacial bone regeneration and improvement of bone parameters by dietary hesperidin.

Based on anti-inflammatory and osteogenic properties of hesperidin (HE), we hypothesized its systemic administration could be a cost-effective method of improving BMP-induced bone regeneration. Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated into 4 groups (n = 10/group): a 5-mm critical-sized mandible defect + collagen scaffold or, scaffold + 1 µg of BMP2 with and without dietary HE at 100 mg/kg. HE was administered by oral gavage 4 weeks prior to surgeries until euthanasia at day 7 or 14 post-surgery.

Comparison of Partial Versus Superficial or Total Parotidectomy for Superficial T1-2 Primary Parotid Cancers.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the oncological outcomes of partial versus superficial or total parotidectomy for superficial T1 or T2 primary parotid cancers and investigate their prognostic factors and recurrence patterns.

Methods: The medical records of 77 patients with T1-2 primary parotid malignancies between May 2003 and March 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the prognostic factors associated with overall survival, disease-free survival, and local and distant recurrence.

Development and Validation of a Multiplex TaqMan Probe qPCR Assay Specific for Three Rust Fungi Infecting .

Rust fungi are the largest group of obligate plant pathogens and cause severe damage to global forests and agricultural security. , a tree species native to East Asia (China, Japan, and Korea), is vulnerable to three rust species: , , and . The early symptoms of infection are indistinguishable between these species, making an accurate and rapid diagnosis challenging.

The Health Status and Management of Migrant Workers in Cheonan: A Comparison Study With Korean Citizens.

Migrant workers face challenging working conditions, resulting in physical and mental vulnerability. The objective is to identify their health vulnerabilities and ensure their right to health. Health records of 163 migrant workers (113 males and 50 females) (Group A) and 163 Korean citizens (Group B) visiting our institution were analyzed from August 2021 to July 2022.

Comparison of accuracy of breeding value for cow from three methods in Hanwoo (Korean cattle) population.

In Korea, Korea Proven Bulls (KPN) program has been well-developed. Breeding and evaluation of cows are also an essential factor to increase earnings and genetic gain. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of cow breeding value by using three methods (pedigree index [PI], pedigree-based best linear unbiased prediction [PBLUP], and genomic-BLUP [GBLUP]).

Anti-inflammatory activity of calmodulin-lysine N-methyltransferase through suppressing the caspase-11 non-canonical inflammasome.

Calmodulin (CaM)-lysine N-methyltransferase (CAMKMT) is a novel methyltransferase that catalyzes lysine trimethylation in CaM. However, its specific roles in inflammatory responses and diseases remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of CAMKMT on caspase-11 non-canonical inflammasomes.

Auxiliary Diagnostic Signal for Deep-Level Detection.

We propose and demonstrate that temperature-dependent curve-fitting error values of the Schottky diode I-V curve in the forward regime can be an auxiliary diagnostic signal as the temperature-scan Capacitance DLTS (CDLTS) signals and helps to work time-efficiently with high accuracy when using the Laplace Transform (LT)-DLTS or Isothermal Capacitance transient spectroscopy (ICTS) method. Using Be-doped GaAs showing overlapping DLTS signals, we verify that the LT-DLTS or ICTS analysis within a specific temperature range around the characteristic temperature Tpeak coincides well with the results of the CDLTS and Fourier Transform DLTS performed within the whole temperature range. In particular, we found that the LT-DLTS signals appeared intensively around Tpeak, and we confirmed it with the ICTS result.

Morphology, Molecular Phylogeny, and Fungicide Sensitivity of and in Korea.

species, classified under Oomycota, cause significant damage to various crops and trees. The present study introduced species, and , new to Korea, which pose notable risks to their respective host plants. Our research provided a comprehensive description of these species taking into account their cultural features, morphological characteristics, and molecular phylogenetic analysis using the internal transcribed spacer rDNA region and cytochrome c oxidase subunit mtDNA genes (1 and 2) sequences.

Identification of Missense Variants Affecting Carcass Traits for Hanwoo Precision Breeding.

This study aimed to identify causal variants associated with important carcass traits such as weight and meat quality in Hanwoo cattle. We analyzed missense mutations extracted from imputed sequence data () and performed an exon-specific association test on the carcass traits of 16,970 commercial Hanwoo. We found 33, 2, 1, and 3 significant SNPs associated with carcass weight (CW), backfat thickness (BFT), eye muscle area (EMA), and marbling score (MS), respectively.

Mitigation of BMP-induced Inflammation in Craniofacial Bone Regeneration and Improvement of Bone Parameters by Dietary Hesperidin.

Based on anti-inflammatory and osteogenic properties of hesperidin (HE), we hypothesized its systemic administration could be a cost-effective method of improving BMP-induced bone regeneration. Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated into 4 groups (n=10/group): a 5-mm critical-sized mandible defect + collagen scaffold or, scaffold + 1 μg of BMP2 with and without dietary HE at 100 mg/kg. HE was administered by oral gavage 4 weeks prior to surgeries until euthanasia at day 7 or 14.

A novel 3D bilayer hydrogel tri-culture system for studying functional motor units.

Background: A motor unit (MU) is formed by a single alpha motor neuron (MN) and the muscle fibers it innervates. The MU is essential for all voluntary movements. Functional deficits in the MU result in neuromuscular disorders (NMDs).