Publications by authors named "Dong Hyun Lee"
The ever-increasing volume of complex data poses significant challenges to conventional sequential global processing methods, highlighting their inherent limitations. This computational burden has catalyzed interest in neuromorphic computing, particularly within artificial neural networks (ANNs). In pursuit of advancing neuromorphic hardware, researchers are focusing on developing computation strategies and constructing high-density crossbar arrays utilizing history-dependent, multistate nonvolatile memories tailored for multiply-accumulate (MAC) operations.
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- - Cardiac rupture is a serious and uncommon complication that can happen during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), often leading to fatal outcomes.
- - Myocardial rupture can appear as a break in the heart muscle wall and can be associated with other issues like pericardial rupture and bleeding into the pericardium.
- - A specific case is highlighted involving a 50-year-old man who experienced a rupture in the right atrium, detected through CT angiography after receiving CPR and venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) due to sudden cardiac arrest.
Background: Polylactic acid (PLA) is extensively used in the medical and cosmetic industries for skin regeneration and as a dermal filler due to its biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, the effectiveness of PLA as a cosmetic filler is limited by its slow degradation rate and poor cell attachment properties. Recent studies have focused on enhancing the performance of PLA by combining it with other materials.
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- Low-frequency noise (LFN) in semiconductor devices is critical for understanding their performance and material defects.
- Research on ambipolar transistors and their LFN characteristics has been limited, prompting this investigation into MoTe transistors.
- The study finds that CYTOP-induced p-type doping alters carrier transport, reducing n-type noise and contact resistance effects while affecting LFN differently between n-type and p-type modes.
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- CAR-T cells are effective against certain blood cancers but face challenges due to potential toxicity from targeting common tumor antigens that are also found on normal cells.
- This study presents a solution using switchable CAR-T cells that utilize a tumor-targeting adaptor, allowing for targeted therapy while avoiding damage to healthy cells.
- The approach shows promise in reducing toxicity and enhancing safety, potentially expanding the types of tumors that CAR-T therapies can effectively treat.
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- - Atherosclerosis, driven by inflammation and lipid buildup in arteries, is a significant factor in cardiovascular disease, primarily influenced by high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. - This study examines potassium retinoate (PA9RA), a synthetic blend of vitamin A metabolites, and its effectiveness in treating atherosclerosis compared to standard drugs like clopidogrel and atorvastatin in male ApoE mice on a Western-type diet. - PA9RA treatment showed significant reductions in body weight and atherosclerotic lesions, along with improvements in liver health, but also led to some side effects; results indicate PA9RA's potential as a superior treatment for atherosclerosis, warranting further research on its long-term impact.
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- - The study investigates how a rapid response system (RRS) impacts patient outcomes, specifically analyzing patients who were transferred to the ICU by a rapid response team (RRT) across nine hospitals in South Korea.
- - Out of 8,228 patients, 3,379 were moved to the ICU primarily due to issues like respiratory distress, sepsis, and septic shock, and the ICU group showed higher in-hospital and 28-day mortality rates compared to those who remained in the general ward.
- - Key factors influencing mortality included severity of illness, lower oxygen levels, and increased lactate and C-reactive protein levels, which indicate that patients transferred to the ICU typically have more severe health complications.
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- This study analyzed organ donors who died after life support was turned off, focusing on their suitability for donation after circulatory death.
- Out of 177 patients, 27.7% were potential organ donors, but only 11.3% met the medical criteria for donation, with a significant number showing a flat ECG shortly after death.
- A majority of surveyed critical care physicians (59.2%) supported a 5-minute no-touch period before declaring circulatory death, which is relevant for organ donation decisions.
Article Synopsis
- * The device achieves a high on/off ratio of 1273 by changing the conduction process from thermal injection to Fowler-Nordheim tunneling due to the modulation of energy barriers.
- * It shows promise for applications in neuromorphic computing, maintaining a read margin of 10% in integrated arrays exceeding 7k, and demonstrates over 92% accuracy in image recognition while confirming reliable self-rectifying behavior.
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- The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatments for hepatitis C virus (HCV) across different genotypes (GTs) in a global, real-world context, focusing particularly on GT3 and GT6.
- Researchers analyzed data from 15,849 chronic hepatitis C patients across Asia, North America, and Europe over a seven-year period, noting demographic factors such as age, sex, and prior treatment history.
- Results showed a high sustained virological response (SVR12) rate of 96.9% overall, with variances by genotype, highlighting that independent factors like advanced age, cirrhosis, and previous treatment failures affected treatment outcomes, while being
The human alkylation B (AlkB) homologs, ALKBH2 and ALKBH3, respond to methylation damage to maintain genomic integrity and cellular viability. Both ALKBH2 and ALKBH3 are direct reversal repair enzymes that remove 1-methyladenine (1meA) and 3-methylcytosine (3meC) lesions commonly generated by alkylating chemotherapeutic agents. Thus, the existence of deficiencies in ALKBH proteins can be exploited in synergy with chemotherapy.
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- Oral antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is effective and well-tolerated, but real-world data on how well patients are evaluated and treated is limited, prompting this study.
- In a cross-sectional analysis of 12,566 adult patients from 25 centers across 9 countries, it was found that 73.3% received adequate evaluation, with only 32.6% of those deemed treatment-eligible actually starting antiviral therapy.
- Factors influencing evaluation and treatment included gender, with females more likely to be evaluated but less likely to start treatment, and geographical differences, particularly among Asian patients from Western regions showing lower rates of evaluation and treatment.
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- Plasticizers, commonly used in various products including food materials, can pose risks to human health and the environment, prompting research on safer alternatives.
- The study investigated the long-term toxicity and cancer risk of a new plasticizer, Eco-DEHCH, by feeding it to groups of rats over two years at different doses.
- Findings showed that even at high doses, the rats tolerated Eco-DEHCH without any signs of toxicity or cancer, suggesting it could be a safer alternative to traditional plasticizers.
Displacement Mapping as a Highly Flexible Surface Texturing Tool for Additively Photopolymerized Components.
Micromachines (Basel)
April 2024
Article Synopsis
- Displacement mapping is a computer graphics technique used to create textured surfaces for 3D printing, offering advantages in flexibility, speed, and cost compared to traditional methods.
- The study outlines a method to produce accurately textured components using polygonal modeling software and photopolymerizable resin, highlighting the importance of specific parameters for dimensional accuracy.
- Two functional stamps with distinct textures were successfully created, demonstrating the technique's potential for rapid and economical production in various fields, including hobbyist projects and biomedical applications.
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- A study examined factors affecting the severity of long head of the biceps tendon (LHB) tears in patients undergoing rotator cuff repair surgery, involving 750 patients over 11 years.
- Key findings indicated that high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels above 1 mg/L, subscapularis tears, and hypothyroidism were linked to more severe LHB tears and grade II tears overall.
- The results suggest that hs-CRP can be a useful preoperative indicator for assessing the LHB's viability as a graft for surgical repairs.
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- - The study explored the connection between the anion gap (AG) and patient mortality in ICUs, using data from 4229 patients in the MIMIC-IV database from 2008 to 2019, and extended the analysis through meta-analysis of additional databases.
- - Results indicated that higher AG levels (T2 and T3) were significantly linked to increased in-hospital mortality rates, with adjusted hazard ratios of 1.31 and 1.54, respectively, compared to the lowest AG group (T1).
- - The findings highlighted that both AG and corrected anion gap consistently predict mortality risk across diverse medical conditions in ICU settings.
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- * A study was conducted on pigs to evaluate the potential risks of using L-tryptophan as a feed additive, focusing on general toxicity and EMS-related symptoms.
- * Results showed no toxic effects or EMS symptoms in the pigs, indicating that L-tryptophan and its impurities do not pose safety concerns, allowing its continued use in swine diets throughout all growth stages.
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- Conventional transistors have mainly focused on signal modulation and amplification, often neglecting the importance of polarity, but new findings on negative differential transconductance suggest a fresh approach in transistor technology.
- This new understanding could lead to simpler ternary logic circuit designs and improved energy efficiency in multivalued logic systems.
- Our research introduces a mixed transconductance transistor (M-T device) that exhibits interesting behaviors based on gate voltage changes, and we demonstrate its effectiveness in creating a ternary inverter that can switch to a binary inverter under light.
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- Ti6Al4V (Ti64) is a widely used material known for its unique properties, but it faces challenges due to hydrogen embrittlement (HE) in hydrogen-rich environments, decreasing strength and ductility.
- This study explores how solute hydrogen (SH) and hydride phase (HP) formation interact in Ti64 by using different current densities during hydrogen charging, revealing important micro-mechanical behaviors.
- The findings show that SH increases the tendency for intergranular cracking, while HP contributes to crack initiation and propagation, leading to a brittle fracture pattern, which is crucial for understanding and improving the hydrogen resistance of Ti6Al4V materials.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates how different strain rates and solute hydrogen affect hydrogen embrittlement (HE) in the Ti6Al4V alloy, which is critical for components used in hydrogen environments.
- - Lowering the strain rate increased ductility loss and led to the creation of high-angle grain boundaries, which allowed more hydrogen to diffuse through the metal, causing more damage.
- - The findings highlight that slower strain rates not only initiate more cracks but also exacerbate intergranular cracking, ultimately reducing the alloy's durability and performance in hydrogen-rich settings.
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- Fibroblasts (hDFs) are important for skin healing but lose effectiveness due to cell aging, which has rarely been studied.
- Researchers are exploring the use of stem cell-derived nanovesicles (R-NVs) to enhance the functionality of aged fibroblasts while minimizing risks and improving yield.
- The study found that R-NVs made from red light-irradiated human adipose-derived stem cells rejuvenated old fibroblasts, enhancing their healing abilities and outperforming younger fibroblasts in skin wound healing.
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- - This study investigates how colorectal cancer progresses, particularly the shift towards more aggressive, metastatic behavior as tumors invade surrounding tissues.
- - It defines "evolution" as the transition from structured tumor formations to invasive cancer cell growth, focusing on cancer cell buddings at the invasive front.
- - The research identifies two types of senescent tumor cells (Type I and Type II) that contribute differently to cancer progression, with Type II being significant for local invasion and lymph node metastasis, which may influence patient outcomes.
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- Researchers created bottom-gate thin-film transistors (TFTs) using n-type a-IGZO for active channels and ITO for source/drain electrodes.
- They used a pulsed ultraviolet laser to locally heat the active channel at different power levels, observing significant improvements in electrical characteristics like threshold voltages and on-currents.
- The study found that laser annealing alters the energy band structures in the TFTs, enhancing electron injection from ITO to a-IGZO while avoiding thermal damage to the substrate.
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- Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is an emerging technology that can significantly enhance emergency and critical care medicine through real-time clinical insights.
- Proper training and appropriate usage are essential to maintain patient safety and ensure the reliability of POCUS.
- The article highlights different applications of POCUS, the importance of education in its use, and its potential future impact on the medical field.