Total synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of lupalbigenin and isolupalbigenin.

Lupalbigenin () is an antibacterial isoflavone isolated from (Lour.) Corner (Moraceae). In this study, we achieved the first gram-scale synthesis of lupalbigenin () from commercially available genistein (), with a yield of 47.

Plant PI4P is required for bacteria to translocate type-3 effectors.

Type-3 effectors (T3E) of phytopathogenic Gram-negative bacteria fulfill a virulent role, causing disease, or an avirulent role, inducing immunity, following their translocation into plant cells. This study aimed to validate the hypothesis that bacterial T3E translocation requires lipidic compounds in plant cell membranes. Based on genetic, molecular, and biochemical assays, we determined that phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) associated with plant cell membranes is essential for the translocation of T3E by bacterial pathogens.

Visible Light-Triggered Self-Welding Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules.

Flexible perovskite solar cells (F-PSCs) are highly promising for both stationary and mobile applications because of their advantageous features, including mechanical flexibility, their lightweight and thin nature, and cost-effectiveness. However, a number of drawbacks, such as mechanical instability, make their practical application difficult. Here, self-welding dynamic diselenide that is triggered by visible light into the structure of F-PSCs to improve their long-term stability by repairing cracks and defects in the absorber layer is incorporated.

Mn-Rich Induced Alteration on Band Gap and Cycling Stability Properties of LiMnFePO Cathode Materials.

Olivine-type LiMnFePO (LMFP) has inherited the excellent heat-stable structure of LiFePO (LFP) and the high-voltage property of LiMnPO (LMP), which shows great promise as a high-safety, high-energy-density cathode material. In order to combine the high energy density and excellent electrochemical performance, it is essential to consider the Mn/Fe ratio. This paper presents a theoretical investigation of the lattice structure parameters, embedded lithium voltage, local electron density, migration barrier, and lithium ion delithiation and lithiation mechanism of different LiMnFePO4 (0.

Targeting METTL3 as a checkpoint to enhance T cells for tumour immunotherapy.

Background: Immunotherapy has emerged as a crucial treatment modality for solid tumours, yet tumours often evade immune surveillance. There is an imperative to uncover novel immune regulators that can boost tumour immunogenicity and increase the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. Epigenetic regulators play critical roles in tumour microenvironment remodelling, and N6-methyladenosine (mA) is known to be involved in tumourigenesis.

Early repeated shim dislocations after oxford unicondylar replacement: A case report.

Introduction: Although shim dislocation is one of the post-UKA complications, the repeated shim dislocations early after the operation are rarely reported. Currently, no consensual clinical guideline for the reliable prevention and proper management of this complication has been available.

Case Presentation: Two years ago, a 60s old female patient came to the hospital for treatment due to left knee joint pain for more than 10 years and the failure to release her suffering via conservative treatment.

Psychological Risk Factors on Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Patients: Insights From National Readmission Database Analysis.

Background: Psychosocial risk factors (PSRFs) have emerged as important nontraditional risk factors for poor medical outcomes but have not been well-studied in the field of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

Objectives: In this study, we retrospectively examined in-hospital and short-term outcomes in patients with PSRFs who underwent HSCT.

Methods: We used the National Readmission Database (NRD) to identify patients who underwent HSCT between 2011 and 2020.

Adipose tissue retains an epigenetic memory of obesity after weight loss.

Reducing body weight to improve metabolic health and related comorbidities is a primary goal in treating obesity. However, maintaining weight loss is a considerable challenge, especially as the body seems to retain an obesogenic memory that defends against body weight changes. Overcoming this barrier for long-term treatment success is difficult because the molecular mechanisms underpinning this phenomenon remain largely unknown.

The ethanolic extract of var. flowers ameliorates depressive-like behaviors of mice by modulating the serotonin system and suppressing neuroinflammation.

It is crucial to explore the impact of dietary interventions on depression and develop functional antidepressant foods, due to the significant side effects and poor treatment compliance of antidepressant drugs. flowers are edible and medicinal materials owing to their delightful floral aroma and significant health benefits. Here, we evaluated the antidepressant effects of the ethanolic extract of var.

Electronic perturbation of Cu nanowire surfaces with functionalized graphdiyne for enhanced CO reduction reaction.

Electronic perturbation of the surfaces of Cu catalysts is crucial for optimizing electrochemical CO reduction activity, yet still poses great challenges. Herein, nanostructured Cu nanowires (NW) with fine-tuned surface electronic structure are achieved via surface encapsulation with electron-withdrawing (-F) and -donating (-Me) group-functionalized graphdiynes (R-GDY, R = -F and -Me) and the resulting catalysts, denoted as R-GDY/Cu NW, display distinct CO reduction performances. electrochemical spectroscopy revealed that the *CO (a key intermediate of the CO reduction reaction) binding affinity and consequent *CO coverage positively correlate with the Cu surface oxidation state, leading to favorable C-C coupling on F-GDY/Cu NW over Me-GDY/Cu NW.

Huanglian-Renshen-Decoction Maintains Islet β-Cell Identity in T2DM Mice through Regulating GLP-1 and GLP-1R in Both Islet and Intestine.

Objective: To elucidate the effect of Huanglian-Renshen-Decoction (HRD) on ameliorating type 2 diabetes mellitus by maintaining islet β -cell identity through regulating paracrine and endocrine glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)/GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) in both islet and intestine.

Methods: The db/db mice were divided into the model (distilled water), low-dose HRD (LHRD, 3 g/kg), high-dose HRD (HHRD, 6 g/kg), and liraglutide (400 µ g/kg) groups using a random number table, 8 mice in each group. The db/m mice were used as the control group (n=8, distilled water).

A Universal Interfacial Reconstruction Strategy Based on Converting Residual Alkali for Sodium Layered Oxide Cathodes: Marvelous Air Stability, Reversible Anion Redox, and Practical Full Cell.

Mn-based layered oxide cathodes have attracted widespread attention due to high capacity and low cost, however, poor air stability, irreversible phase transitions, and slow kinetics inhibit their practical application. Here, we propose a universal interfacial reconstruction strategy based on converting residual alkali to tunnel phase NaMnO for addressing the above mentioned issue simultaneously, using O3 NaNiFeMnO@2 mol % NaMnO (NaNFM@NMO) as the prototype material. The optimized material exhibits an initial capacity and energy density comparable with lithium-ion batteries.

Organic Nonvolatile 2T Memory Cell Employing a NOT-Gate-Like Architecture Toward Binary Output Level With Enhanced Noise Tolerance.

Organic nonvolatile memory has been considered a low-cost memory technology for flexible electronics and Internet-of-things (IoT). However, a major concern is the nonuniformity of memory units, which is primarily caused by random grain boundaries, interface defects, and charge traps, making it difficult to develop high-density reliable memory arrays. This nonuniformity problem would induce read error, which is directly caused by the narrow distribution margin of memory states and low noise tolerance in conventional organic memory cells.

Artificial Cascade Transformation Biosystem for One-Pot Biomanufacturing of Odd-Numbered Neoagarooligosaccharides and d-Tagatose through Wiser Agarose Utilization.

The application of agarose oligosaccharides has garnered great attention, with their biological activities varying among different structures. However, it still meets a great bottleneck for the targeted production of odd-numbered neoagarooligosaccharides (NAOSs), such as neoagarotriose (NA3), due to the lack of one-step hydrolases. In this work, the α-agarase AgaA33 and β-galactosidase BgaD were synergistically used to prepare NA3 with agarose as a substrate.

Body fat variation and redistribution across different stages of life measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.

Background: The global obesity epidemic of all ages has increased the demand for accurate management of body fat in each stage of life. The primary aim of this study was to provide reference centiles of body fat indices for Chinese children and adults and compare those with ethnicities from USA using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA).

Methods: The samples were drawn from two nationwide cross-sectional surveys of China Body Composition Life-course Study (2013-2023) and the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2018).

Classification techniques of ion selective electrode arrays in agriculture: a review.

Agriculture has a substantial demand for classification, and each agricultural product exhibits a unique ion signal. This paper summarizes the classification techniques of ion-selective electrode arrays in agriculture. Initially, data sample collection methods based on ion-selective electrode arrays are summarized.

Dyna-vivo-seq unveils cellular RNA dynamics during acute kidney injury via in vivo metabolic RNA labeling-based scRNA-seq.

A fundamental objective of genomics is to track variations in gene expression program. While metabolic RNA labeling-based single-cell RNA sequencing offers insights into temporal biological processes, its limited applicability only to in vitro models challenges the study of in vivo gene expression dynamics. Herein, we introduce Dyna-vivo-seq, a strategy that enables time-resolved dynamic transcription profiling in vivo at the single-cell level by examining new and old RNAs.

Effects of Er:YAG laser debonding on changes in the properties of dental zirconia.

Objectives: To investigate changes in the optical and mechanical properties of novel zirconia ceramics applied in dentistry after Er:YAG laser debonding and to evaluate the feasibility and value of reusing zirconia restorations debonded by an Er:YAG laser.

Methods: Four types of zirconia ceramics were investigated: self-glazed zirconia (SGZ), 3Y-TZP, 4Y-PSZ and 5Y-PSZ. Forty rectangular (25 mm*8 mm*1.

Quinoline Substituted Anthracene Isomers: A Case Study for Simultaneously Optimizing High Mobility and Strong Luminescence in Herringbone-Packed Organic Semiconductors.

The development of high mobility emissive organic semiconductors is significant for advancing optoelectronic devices with simplified architecture and enhanced performance. The herringbone-packed structure is regarded as the ideal arrangement for simultaneously achieving high mobility and strong emission in organic semiconductors. However, it remains a great challenge that the relationship between molecular structure and optoelectronic property is still elusive.

A bright cyan fluorescence calcium indicator for mitochondrial calcium with minimal interference from physiological pH fluctuations.

Genetically Encoded Calcium (Ca) indicators (GECIs) are indispensable tools for dissecting intracellular Ca signaling and monitoring cellular activities. Mitochondrion acts as a Ca sink and a central player for maintaining Ca homeostasis. Accurately monitoring Ca transients within the mitochondrial matrix that undergo constant pH fluctuations is challenging, as signals of most currently available GECIs suffer from artifacts induced by physiological pH variations.

The impact of sex on memory during aging and Alzheimer's disease progression: Epigenetic mechanisms.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a leading cause of dementia, disability, and death in the elderly. While the etiology of AD is unknown, there are several established risk factors for the disease including, aging, female sex, and genetics. However, specific genetic mutations only account for a small percentage (1-5%) of AD cases and the much more common sporadic form of the disease has no causative genetic basis, although certain risk factor genes have been identified.

Riboflavin kinase binds and activates inducible nitric oxide synthase to reprogram macrophage polarization.

Riboflavin kinase (RFK) is essential in riboflavin metabolism, converting riboflavin to flavin mononucleotide (FMN), which is further processed to flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). While RFK enhances macrophage phagocytosis of Listeria monocytogenes, its role in macrophage polarization is not well understood. Our study reveals that RFK deficiency impairs M(IFN-γ) and promotes M(IL-4) polarization, both in vitro and in vivo.