Main parameters and the dynamics of volatile compounds during the fermentation of Chinese - from Huangshan region.

The physico-chemical parameters and kinetics of the volatile compounds during the fermentation of Chinese - was investigated. The levels of water soluble proteins, amino nitrogen and acidity increased gradually throughout the fermentation process, while that of reducing sugars peaked after 2 days before gradually declining. The protease activity increased significantly and reached the maximum levels at day 3, then it slightly decreased.

Study of Synergistic Bactericidal Activity of Dual β-Lactam Antibiotics Against KPC-2-Producing .

To study the synergistic bactericidal activity of dual β-lactam antibiotics against KPC-2-producing and to explore the new therapeutic regimens for infections caused by carbapenem-resistant strains. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing of imipenem, meropenem, ceftazidime, and clavulanic acid on 40 clinically isolated strains of KPC-2-producing from 5 cities across the country was performed by microdilution broth method. The synergistic bactericidal activity of combined antibiotics mentioned above was determined at various concentrations using checkerboard techniques.

Circadian clock-controlled drug metabolism and transport.

Metabolism and transport of many drugs oscillate with times of the day (solar time), resulting in circadian time-dependent drug exposure and pharmacokinetics.Time-dependent pharmacokinetics (also known as chronopharmacokinetics) is associated with time-varying drug effects and toxicity.This review summarizes drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters with rhythmic expressions in the liver, intestine and/or kidney.

miR-206 Promotes Cancer Progression by Targeting Full-Length Neurokinin-1 Receptor in Breast Cancer.

Substance P plays a pivotal role in human cancer development and progression by binding to its receptor, neurokinin-1. Neurokinin-1 has 2 isoforms: full-length neurokinin-1 and truncated neurokinin-1, the latter lacking the cytoplasmic terminal 96-amino acid residues of the full-length protein. We have identified 3 candidate miR-206 target sites within the 3'-untranslated region of the full-length neurokinin-1 gene from bioinformatics database searches.

Molecular Decision Tree Algorithms Predict Individual Recurrence Pattern for Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

: Recurrence remains one of the key reasons of relapse after the radical radiation for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Here, the multiple molecular and clinical variables integrated decision tree algorithms were designed to predict individual recurrence patterns (with VS without recurrence) for locally advanced NPC. : A total of 136 locally advanced NPC patients retrieved from a randomized controlled phase III trial, were included.

Neuroprotective Effects of Brain-Gut Peptides: A Potential Therapy for Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease and is typically associated with progressive motor and non-motor dysfunctions. Currently, dopamine replacement therapy is mainly used to relieve the motor symptoms, while its long-term application can lead to various complications and does not cure the disease. Numerous studies have demonstrated that many brain-gut peptides have neuroprotective effects in vivo and in vitro, and may be a promising treatment for PD.

Sustained delivery of a camptothecin prodrug - CZ48 by nanosuspensions with improved pharmacokinetics and enhanced anticancer activity.

We have synthesized a novel lactone-stabilized camptothecin (CPT) analog named CZ48 and demonstrated its potent anticancer effects via bioconversion to the active CPT in earlier studies. Herein, we aimed to develop, optimize and characterize CZ48 nanosuspensions, for a sustained delivery of this drug in humans with an intravenous (i.v.

Viral integration drives multifocal HCC during the occult HBV infection.

Background & Aims: Although the prognosis of patients with occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (OBI) is usually benign, a small portion may undergo cirrhosis and subsequently hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We studied the mechanism of life-long Integration of virus DNA into OBI host's genome, of which may induce hepatocyte transformation.

Methods: We applied HBV capture sequencing on single cells from an OBI patient who, developed multiple HCC tumors and underwent liver resection in May 2013 at Tongji Hospital in China.

Kainic acid Induces production and aggregation of amyloid β-protein and memory deficits by activating inflammasomes in NLRP3- and NF-κB-stimulated pathways.

Kainic acid (KA) treatment causes neuronal degeneration, which is a feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) symptoms such as amyloid β-protein production and memory deficits. Inflammasomes are known to be critical for the progression of AD. However, the underlying mechanism by which inflammasomes influence AD progression remains unknown.

Dynamic Evaluation Indices in Spatial Learning and Memory of Rat Vascular Dementia in the Morris Water Maze.

The Morris water maze (MWM) is widely used to evaluate rodent spatial learning and memory. However, current evaluation measures are not comprehensive because there is a wide distribution in the measured response. Utilizing the graph cognition hypothesis, we proposed four new deviation indices to evaluate cognitive function in the MWM that compared the optimal swim track to the actual track taken.

microRNA-138 induces cell survival and reduces WNT/β-catenin signaling of osteoarthritis chondrocytes through NEK2.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by joint pain, stiffness, and function degeneration with high incidence. Recent studies have been inspired based on the association between microRNAs (miRs) and therapeutic research of OA. Hence, the present study evaluates the effects of miR-138 on chondrocyte proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis through the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway in mice with OA by binding to NIMA-related kinase 2 (NEK2).

Long non-coding RNA FENDRR attenuates the stemness of non-small cell lung cancer cells via decreasing multidrug resistance gene 1 (MDR1) expression through competitively binding with RNA binding protein HuR.

The roles of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) FENDRR in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells progression have never been revealed. As cancer stem cells (CSCs) act important roles in tumor progression, here, we focused on FENDRR roles in NSCLC cell stemness. We found that lncRNA FENDRR expression was significantly decreased in lung cancer tissues and cells, especially in NSCLC cells.

Creation and validation of three-dimensional printed models for basic nasal endoscopic training.

Background: Three-dimensional (3D) printed models have been shown to be promising in surgical training in rhinology. The objectives of this study were to develop a set of 3D-printed models including the pediatric and adult nasal cavity, and the postsurgical paranasal sinuses, and to assess the face and content validity in endoscopic training.

Methods: The computed tomography (CT) data of a pediatric patient without nasal disorders and an adult patient with nasal septal deviation were selected to produce the models of the pediatric and adult nasal cavity, and the CT data of an adult patient who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery 4 months ago was chosen to create the paranasal sinus model.

Autonomous decision-making for antenatal screening in Pakistan: views held by women, men and health professionals in a low-middle income country.

Prenatal genetic technologies now are being implemented in LMICs, and while there is much research on the ethical, legal and social implications of such technologies in Western countries, there is a paucity of such research in LMICs, which have diverse cultural, religious, political, financial and health service contexts. This study aimed to explore views about women's autonomous decision-making for antenatal screening held by women, men and healthcare professionals (HCPs) in Pakistan. A Q-methodology study was conducted during June 2016 to January 2018 in Lahore, Pakistan.

Computational Method for the Identification of Molecular Metabolites Involved in Cereal Hull Color Variations.

Background: Cereal hull color is an important quality specification characteristic. Many studies were conducted to identify genetic changes underlying cereal hull color diversity. However, these studies mainly focused on the gene level.

The nuclear receptor Shp regulates morphine withdrawal syndrome via modulation of Ugt2b expression in mice.

In this study, we aimed to investigate a potential role of small heterodimer partner (Shp, a nuclear receptor) in regulation of morphine withdrawal syndrome and to determine the mechanisms thereof. Somatic opiate withdrawal and pharmacokinetic experiments were performed with wild-type (WT) and Shp knockout (Shp-KO) mice. Regulatory effects of Shp on Ugt2b expression were assessed in vitro (using mouse hepatoma Hepa1-6 cells) and in vivo (using Shp-KO mice).

NEAT1 regulates Th2 cell development by targeting STAT6 for degradation.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of lncRNA NEAT1 (nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1) in regulating Th2 cell differentiation. The overexpression vectors of NEAT1 and ITCH, and siRNA targeting NEAT1, EZH2 (enhancer of zeste homolog 2) and STAT6 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 6) were transfected into CD4+T cells. The mRNA expressions of ITCH and STAT6 were analyzed by qRT-PCR and western blotting.

Rev-erbα activation down-regulates hepatic Pck1 enzyme to lower plasma glucose in mice.

REV-ERBα (NR1D1) is a nuclear heme receptor that controls many cellular processes including cell differentiation, lipid metabolism, and inflammatory responses. Although REV-ERBα has been also implicated in regulation of glucose homeostasis, the mechanism for this regulation remains unclear. Here we investigate a potential role of REV-ERBα in regulation of PCK1 (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1), a rate-limiting enzyme in gluconeogenesis.

UNC5D, suppressed by promoter hypermethylation, inhibits cell metastasis by activating death-associated protein kinase 1 in prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) death primarily occurs due to metastasis of the cells, but little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of UNC5D, a newly identified tumor suppressor gene, analyze its epigenetic alterations, and elucidate its functional relevance to PCa metastasis. Meta-analysis of publicly available microarray datasets revealed that UNC5D expression was frequently downregulated in PCa tissues and inversely associated with PCa metastasis.

Qiliqiangxin attenuates atrial structural remodeling in prolonged pacing-induced atrial fibrillation in rabbits.

Qiliqiangxin (QL) can attenuate myocardial remodeling and improve cardiac function in some cardiac diseases, including heart failure and hypertension. This study was to explore the effects and mechanism of QL on atrial structural remodeling in atrial fibrillation (AF). Twenty-one rabbits were randomly divided into a sham-operation group, pacing group (pacing with 600 beats per minute for 4 weeks), and treatment group (2.

Results from the China Antimicrobial Surveillance Network (CHINET) in 2017 of the Activities of Ceftazidime-Avibactam and Ceftolozane-Tazobactam against Clinical Isolates of and .

The activities of ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA), ceftolozane-tazobactam (C-T), and comparators were determined for 1,774 isolates of and 524 isolates of collected by 30 medical centers from the China Antimicrobial Surveillance Network (CHINET) in 2017. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by the CLSI broth microdilution method, and and were detected by PCR for all carbapenem-resistant (CRE). Ceftazidime-avibactam demonstrated potent activity against almost all (94.

MicroRNA-22 inhibits proliferation, invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells through targeting truncated neurokinin-1 receptor and ERα.

Heading Aims: This topic aims to clarify whether miR-22 directly targets and downregulates the expression of ERα and NK1R-Tr to inhibit the malignant behaviors of breast cancer cells.

Materials And Methods: RT-PCR and Western Blotting were used to detect the expression profile of miR-22, NK1R-Tr and ERα. Luciferase reporter assay and CHIP experiment were conducted to investigate the regulation network between miR-22, NK1R-Tr and ERα.