Early auditory impairments as a candidate marker of attenuated sensory symptoms of psychosis.

Background And Hypothesis: Deficits in early auditory processing (EAP), as indexed by tone-matching performance, have been consistently demonstrated in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. However, the ontogeny of tone-matching deficits in schizophrenia remains relatively unknown. The current study aims to determine the relationship between clinical high risk for psychosis and EAP.

Antipsychotic medication in people with intellectual disability and schizophrenia: A 25-year updated systematic review and cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To determine the efficacy and safety of antipsychotic medication for treating individuals with a dual diagnosis of intellectual disability (ID) and schizophrenia.

Methods: We systematically reviewed the literature to explore the risks and benefits of antipsychotics for schizophrenia in ID. In addition, a cross-sectional retrospective study on the tolerance profiles of a representative ID and schizophrenia cohort was conducted.

Impacts of risk thresholds and age on clinical high risk for psychosis: a comparative network analysis.

One of the main goals for supporting people with a psychotic disorder is early detection and intervention, and the detection of Clinical High Risk (CHR) is a major challenge in this respect. This study sought to compare core symptoms of CHR for psychosis networks based on two CHR self-assessment tools, across different risk thresholds and age groups. This cross-sectional online investigation analyzed 936 individuals for CHR, in France and the UK, with the Prodromal Questionnaire-16 (PQ-16) and the Perceptual and Cognitive Aberrations (PCA).

Addressing the elephant in the screening room: an item response theory analysis of the Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ-16) for at-risk symptoms of psychosis.

Objective: Within the context of patients at-risk of psychosis, where a variety of symptoms are present, identifying the most discriminative symptoms is essential for efficient detection and management.

Methods: This cross-sectional online study analyzed individuals from the general population in order to better assess their risk of presenting symptoms belonging to the clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis, called "CHR-related symptoms". The Prodromal Questionnaire-16 (PQ-16) served as a self-report screening tool.

Simulation-based teaching of psychiatric interviewing to residents: A comparison of peer-to-peer and teacher role-play on confidence in clinical skills.

Objective: To compare the effects of two simulation-based teaching programs of psychiatric interviewing using two role-play modalities on first-year psychiatry residents' confidence in their psychiatric clinical skills.

Methods: The teaching program consisted of seven 2-hour sessions per month led by two psychiatrists and academic teachers. In the peer-to-peer role-play group, students played either the patient's or doctor's role, and case scenarios were proposed by the students; in the teacher role-play group, a teacher played the patient' role and case scenarios were written by teachers.

Patients' awareness of recovery mediates the link between clinical and level of functional remission in schizophrenia to a larger extent in those treated with long-acting antipsychotics.

Background: Clinical remission is a step towards functional remission for subjects with schizophrenia. While recovery is both a subjective personal journey and a clinical outcome to be targeted, data on patient self-rated outcomes are scarce.

Objectives: (i) To determine the extent to which the association between clinical and functional remission is mediated by the subjective experience of recovery as reported by patients their relatives or their psychiatrist and (ii) to assess differences according to treatment, specifically with oral antipsychotics only long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs).

Mechanistic account of the left auditory cortex for tone-matching in schizophrenia: A pilot transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS) sham-controlled study.

Objective: Deficits in the ability to match tones following brief delay and their contribution to higher-order cognitive alterations have been repeatedly documented in schizophrenia. The aim was to explore if left fronto-temporal high-frequency transcranial random noise stimulation (hf-tRNS), with electrodes placed over brain regions involved in tone-matching would significantly modulate performances in participants with schizophrenia.

Methods: In a randomized, double-blind sham-controlled study, 10 participants with schizophrenia were allocated to receive ten sessions of either active or sham hf-tRNS.

Clinical and cognitive characteristics of subjects with schizophrenia and childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Results from the multicentric FACE-SZ cross-sectional dataset.

Background: Childhood Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (C-ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, associated with an increased risk of subsequent schizophrenia. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of C-ADHD in schizophrenia and the clinical and cognitive characteristics associated with C-ADHD history in schizophrenia.

Methods: 569 subjects with schizophrenia (74 % men, mean age 30.

The 68 symptoms of the clinical high risk for psychosis: Low similarity among fourteen screening questionnaires.

The Clinical High Risk for psychosis (CHR) is a heterogeneous condition with multiple symptoms. CHR screening is challenging in routine care, as a wide variety of questionnaires exists. We propose to explore the extent to which these questionnaires differ or overlap in item content.

Confidence in visual detection, familiarity and recollection judgments is preserved in schizophrenia spectrum disorder.

An effective way to quantify metacognitive performance is to ask participants to estimate their confidence in the accuracy of their response during a cognitive task. A recent meta-analysis raised the issue that most assessments of metacognitive performance in schizophrenia spectrum disorders may be confounded with cognitive deficits, which are known to be present in this population. Therefore, it remains unclear whether the reported metacognitive deficits are metacognitive in nature or rather inherited from cognitive deficits.

Reward and punishment learning deficits among bipolar disorder subtypes.

Background: Reward sensitivity is an essential dimension related to mood fluctuations in bipolar disorder (BD), but there is currently a debate around hypersensitivity or hyposensitivity hypotheses to reward in BD during remission, probably related to a heterogeneous population within the BD spectrum and a lack of reward bias evaluation. Here, we examine reward maximization vs. punishment avoidance learning within the BD spectrum during remission.

Peer workers to address discrimination against women in psychiatry and mental health.

Compared to the general population and to males with mental health disorders, women with these disorders face more obstacles in psychiatric and mental health care settings. This strongly encourages mental health policies and psychiatric care to consider specific strategies that prevent gender bias in treatment among women with mental health issues. A growing body of research demonstrates the benefits of having peer workers-professionals with a lived experience of mental health issues who use their own experiences of mental distress to support others with comparable experiences-in mental health services.

A systematic review of pharmacotherapy for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents with bipolar disorders.

Introduction: The data suggests that in children and adolescents, bipolar disorder (BD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be strongly correlated. Even though drugs for ADHD and BD are largely accepted, there is relatively little research on the management of comorbidity in children and adolescents, particularly in terms of safety. We provide a synthesis of these findings because one hasn't been made yet.

Effort-Cost Decision-making Among Individuals With Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Motivational impairments in schizophrenia are by definition associated with poor outcome. It is postulated that the reduction of goal-directed behavior arises from abnormal trade-offs between rewards and efforts.

Objective: To examine whether schizophrenia is associated with impairments in effort-cost decision-making.

Efficacy and auditory biomarker analysis of fronto-temporal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in targeting cognitive impairment associated with recent-onset schizophrenia: study protocol for a multicenter randomized double-blind sham-controlled trial.

Background: In parallel to the traditional symptomatology, deficits in cognition (memory, attention, reasoning, social functioning) contribute significantly to disability and suffering in individuals with schizophrenia. Cognitive deficits have been closely linked to alterations in early auditory processes (EAP) that occur in auditory cortical areas. Preliminary evidence indicates that cognitive deficits in schizophrenia can be improved with a reliable and safe non-invasive brain stimulation technique called tDCS (transcranial direct current stimulation).

Early auditory processing dysfunction in schizophrenia: Mechanisms and implications.

Schizophrenia is a major mental disorder that affects approximately 1% of the population worldwide. Cognitive deficits are a key feature of the disorder and a primary cause of long-term disability. Over the past decades, significant literature has accumulated demonstrating impairments in early auditory perceptual processes in schizophrenia.

Detection of clinical high risk for psychosis in child and adolescent mental health services: Validation of the first step with the French versions of the Prodromal Questionnaire (fPQ-16) and scale of Perceptual and Cognitive Aberrations (fPCA).

Aim: To validate the French versions of the 16-items Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ-16) and the 9-items scale of Perceptual and Cognitive Aberrations (PCA) to facilitate screening of psychosis risk in native French-speaking young individuals referred to Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services.

Method: Participants (N = 87, age range 10-18 years) were diagnosed with a non-psychotic disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. The French versions of the PQ-16 and PCA were developed using a forward-backward translation procedure.

History of learning disorders is associated with worse cognitive and functional outcomes in schizophrenia: results from the multicentric FACE-SZ cross-sectional dataset.

Schizophrenia is associated with early neurodevelopmental disorders, including most frequently learning disorders (LD), among them dyslexia and dyspraxia. Despite the demonstrated links between schizophrenia and LD, specific clinical patterns of the schizophrenia with a history of LD subgroup remain unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate cognitive impairment, symptoms and functional outcome associated with a history of LD in a large cross-sectional, multicentric, sample of schizophrenia subjects.

Combination of two long-acting injectable antipsychotics in treatment-resistant schizophrenia: A retrospective 12-month mirror-image study.

To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of the combination of two long-acting injections of antipsychotics (dual-LAIs) in non-adherent and resistant schizophrenia. Efficacy and tolerability were assessed in 13 patients admitted to a French hospital, using a retrospective 12-month mirror-image design. The number and total duration of hospitalizations significantly decreased after introducing dual-LAIs (2.

Management of schizophrenia in women during the perinatal period: a synthesis of international recommendations.

Introduction: The perinatal period in schizophrenia is associated with high risk of psychotic relapse and pregnancy/child outcomes. The extent to which antipsychotics may potentially affect the fetus or the child development is unclear and debated. Even though guidelines have been developed, there is a lack of consensual recommendations regarding the optimal strategy to manage schizophrenia during the perinatal period.

Experience, impact and needs of informal parental caregivers around the communication of a diagnosis of schizophrenia.

Aims: To qualitatively characterize the experience, impact and needs of informal family caregivers around the communication of a diagnosis of schizophrenia.

Methods: In all, 13 informal family caregivers were recruited. All were parents.

Sleep disturbances in early clinical stages of psychotic and bipolar disorders: A meta-analysis.

Objective: To provide a qualitative view and quantitative measure of sleep disturbances across and between early stages - clinical ultra high-risk and first episode - of psychotic and bipolar disorders.

Methods: Electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, PsychINFO) were searched up to March 2021 for studies comparing sleep measures between individuals with an early stage and controls. Standard mean deviations (Cohen's effect sizes) were calculated for all comparisons and pooled with random-effects models.

The Impact of Wearing a Face Mask on the Psychiatric Interview: a National Survey During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced to rapidly encourage the use of face masks during medical consultations, with significant implication for psychiatry. This study examined the opinions and attitudes of psychiatrists toward the impact of wearing a face mask on the psychiatric interview. 513 psychiatrists and trainee psychiatrists completed an electronic survey about the impact of wearing a face mask on the psychiatric interview.