Relationship between cervical vertebral maturation and mandibular growth.

Introduction: The cervical vertebrae have been proposed as a method of determining biologic maturity. The purposes of this study were to establish a pattern of mandibular growth and to relate this pattern to the stages of cervical vertebral maturation.

Methods: Cephalometric radiographs, taken annually from ages 9 to 18 years, were evaluated for 90 boys from the Burlington Growth Center, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Impact of orthodontic appliances on sleep quality.

Introduction: Many young patients are asked to wear headgear or functional appliances during sleep as part of their orthodontic treatment. The objective of this clinical study was to assess the impact of these appliances on sleep quality.

Methods: Twenty-two subjects (8 boys, 14 girls) between 10 and 15 years of age wearing either a headgear or a removable appliance for 3 to 12 months were enrolled in a sleep study.

A descriptive study of mandibular incisor alignment in untreated subjects.

Introduction: The development of mandibular incisor crowding appears to be a continuous process throughout life, but more evidence is needed to understand why changes occur.

Methods: In this study, we describe the longitudinal dental changes in untreated children (n = 15) who had records at 3 times and in an untreated adult group (n = 18) (parents) who had records for 2 times. The mean numbers of years between initial and final observations were 29.

Third molar availability in Class II subdivision malocclusion.

Introduction: In this study, we compared retromolar available space and third molar angulation between the Class I and Class II sides in patients with Class II subdivision malocclusion.

Methods: Two samples were obtained from 46 subjects grouped according to the following characteristics: group 1 comprised 29 subjects (17 male, 12 female) with Class II subdivision malocclusion at a mean age of 14.73 years.

Class II subdivision malocclusion types and evaluation of their asymmetries.

Introduction: The primary objective of this study was to determine, by means of frontal photographic evaluation, the distribution of the 2 main types of Class II subdivision malocclusions. The secondary objective was to compare the dentoskeletal asymmetries in these 2 types with a group of normal-occlusion subjects by using submentovertex and posteroanterior radiographs.

Methods: The experimental group included 44 untreated Class II subdivision malocclusion subjects with a mean age of 15.

Peri-implant bone response to orthodontic loading: Part 2. Implant surface geometry and its effect on regional bone remodeling.

Introduction: Bone response to orthodontic loading was compared around 2 different types of osseointegrated implants (porous surfaced and machined threaded) to determine the effect of implant surface geometry on regional bone remodeling.

Methods: Five beagles each received 3 implants of each design in contralateral mandibular extraction sites. After a 6-week initial healing period, abutments were placed, and, 1 week later, the 2 mesial implants on each side were orthodontically loaded for 22 weeks.

Peri-implant bone response to orthodontic loading: Part 1. A histomorphometric study of the effects of implant surface design.

Introduction: Bone response to orthodontic loading was compared histomorphometrically around 2 different types of osseointegrated implants (porous surfaced and machined threaded) to determine their suitability for orthodontic anchorage.

Methods: Five beagles each received 3 implants of each design in contralateral mandibular locations. After a 6-week initial healing period, abutments were placed, and, 1 week later, the 2 mesial implants on each side were orthodontically loaded for 22 weeks.

Dentoskeletal treatment changes in Class II subdivision malocclusions in submentovertex and posteroanterior radiographs.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the dentoskeletal changes consequent to orthodontic treatment in subjects with Class II subdivision malocclusions, treated with asymmetric extractions, compared with a normal-occlusion control group. The sample consisted of 3 groups, with 30 subjects in each: normal-occlusion subjects (group 1), untreated Class II subdivision subjects (group 2), and Class II subdivision patients treated with asymmetric extractions (group 3). All subjects had a full complement of permanent teeth at the beginning of treatment.

Condyle-fossa modifications and muscle interactions during Herbst treatment, Part 2. Results and conclusions.

Herbst appliances were activated progressively in growing nonhuman primates, and the results were compared with primate and human controls. The methods and materials of this research are explained in Part 1 of this study. The results are discussed here in Part 2.

Condyle-fossa modifications and muscle interactions during herbst treatment, part 1. New technological methods.

Changes in the condyle, the glenoid fossa, and the muscles of mastication were investigated in subjects undergoing continuous orthopedic advancement of the mandible with a Herbst-block appliance. The total sample consisted of 56 subjects and included 15 nonhuman primates (in the middle mixed, early permanent, and permanent dentitions), 17 human Herbst patients in the early permanent dentition, and 24 human controls from the Burlington Growth Center. The 8 nonhuman primates in the middle mixed dentition were the focus of this study.