Prevalence of dementia among Indigenous populations of countries with a very high Human Development Index: a systematic review.

Dementia is a health priority for Indigenous peoples. Here, we reviewed studies on the prevalence of dementia or cognitive impairment among Indigenous populations from countries with a very high Human Development Index (≥0·8). Quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute risk-of-bias tool and CONSolIDated critERia for strengthening the reporting of health research involving Indigenous peoples (CONSIDER), with oversight provided by an Indigenous Advisory Board.

Cognitive Impairment and Social Determinants of Health Among Indigenous Women.

Background And Objectives: Cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) pose significant challenges for Indigenous populations, necessitating urgent research. Limited evidence suggests that high rates of ADRD among Indigenous peoples are associated with social determinants of health (SDOH), such as education, income, health literacy, religion, and social engagement.

Research Design And Methods: Collaborating with a Northern Plains tribe, participants were recruited 123 self-identified Indigenous women aged 40-70 through a comprehensive recruitment strategy.

Chokeberry reduces inflammation in human preadipocytes.

Chokeberry, , is an indigenous fruit from North America used as food and to prevent chronic disease by Indigenous Peoples. The objective of this study was to test anti-inflammatory effects of anthocyanin on palmitic acid (PA)-induced IL-6 gene expression, IL-6 DNA methylation, and histone (H3) acetylation. Additionally, we examined effects of anthocyanins Cyanidin-3-O-galactoside (C3Gal) and Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) on IL-6 gene expression.

Conceptualizing Indigenous strengths-based health and wellness research using group concept mapping.

Background: In recent years public health research has shifted to more strengths or asset-based approaches to health research but there is little understanding of what this concept means to Indigenous researchers. Therefore our purpose was to define an Indigenous strengths-based approach to health and well-being research.

Methods: Using Group Concept Mapping, Indigenous health researchers (N = 27) participated in three-phases.

Recruiting Indigenous Patients Into Clinical Trials: A Circle of Trust.

The Circle of Trust is a new conceptual model that can help investigators and the American Indian/Alaska Natives (AI/AN) community work together to promote inclusion of AI/AN populations in clinical trials to improve health outcomes. Racial/ethnic minority groups remain underrepresented in clinical trials and this creates the need and opportunity for novel approaches. Indigenous populations are particularly underrepresented in clinical trials.

Re-envisioning, Retooling, and Rebuilding Prevention Science Methods to Address Structural and Systemic Racism and Promote Health Equity.

The historic momentum from national conversations on the roots and current impacts of racism in the USA presents an incredible window of opportunity for prevention scientists to revisit how common theories, measurement tools, methodologies, and interventions can be radically re-envisioned, retooled, and rebuilt to dismantle racism and promote equitable health for minoritized communities. Recognizing this opportunity, the NIH-funded Prevention Science and Methodology Group (PSMG) launched a series of presentations focused on the role of Prevention Science to address racism and discrimination guided by a commitment to social justice and health equity. The current manuscript aims to advance the field of Prevention Science by summarizing key issues raised during the series' presentations and proposing concrete research priorities and steps that hold promise for promoting health equity by addressing systemic racism.

Indigenous Cultural Identity of Research Authors Standard: research and reconciliation with Indigenous Peoples in rural health journals.

The Indigenous Cultural Identity of Research Authors Standard (ICIRAS) is based on a gap in research publishing practice where Indigenous peoples' identity is not systematically and rigorously recognised in rural health research publications. There are widespread reforms, in different research areas, to counter the reputation of scientific research as a vehicle of racism and discrimination. Reflecting on these broader movements, the editorial teams of three rural health journals - Rural and Remote Health, the Australian Journal of Rural Health, and the Canadian Journal of Rural Medicine - adopted a policy of 'Nothing about Indigenous Peoples, without Indigenous Peoples'.

The Incidence of Stroke in Indigenous Populations of Countries With a Very High Human Development Index: A Systematic Review Protocol.

Despite known Indigenous health and socioeconomic disadvantage in countries with a Very High Human Development Index, data on the incidence of stroke in these populations are sparse. With oversight from an Indigenous Advisory Board, we will undertake a systematic review of the incidence of stroke in Indigenous populations of developed countries or regions, with comparisons between Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations of the same region, though not between different Indigenous populations. Using PubMed, OVID-EMBASE, and Global Health databases, we will examine population-based incidence studies of stroke in Indigenous adult populations of developed countries published 1990-current, without language restriction.

Uranium Exposure in American Indian Communities: Health, Policy, and the Way Forward.

Background: Uranium contamination of drinking-water sources on American Indian (AI) reservations in the United States is a largely ignored and underfunded public health crisis. With an estimated 40% of the headwaters in the western U.S.

Stress and Cardiometabolic Disease Risk for Indigenous Populations throughout the Lifespan.

Background: Indigenous people experience the greatest cardiometabolic disease disparity in the Unites States, yet high cardiometabolic disease risk factors do not fully explain the extent of the cardiometabolic disease disparity for Indigenous people. Stress, trauma, and racism occur at high rates within Indigenous communities and have not been well explored as significant contributors to cardiometabolic disease disparities despite emerging literature, and therefore will be described here.

Methods: This descriptive study explores the relationship between cardiometabolic disease risks and Indigenous-specific stressors (e.

Integration of the preventive medicine specialty in the rural and Tribal public health workforce.

The majority of the U.S. American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) population live in rural areas, and are thus disproportionately affected by rural health issues.

A Prematurity Collaborative Birth Equity Consensus Statement for Mothers and Babies.

Introduction: In 2016, March of Dimes (MOD) launched its Prematurity Collaborative to engage a broad cross section of national experts to address persistent and widening racial disparities in preterm birth by achieving equity and demonstrated improvements in preterm birth. African-American and Native American women continue to have disproportionate rates of preterm birth and maternal death. As part of the Collaborative, MOD created the Health Equity Workgroup whose task was the creation of a scientific consensus statement articulating core values and a call to action to achieve equity in preterm birth utilizing health equity and social determinants of health frameworks.

The 2019 Partial Government Shutdown and Its Impact on Health Care for American Indians and Alaska Natives.

The 2018-9 partial government shutdown created a 35-day gap in federal appropriations for the Indian Health Service and tribal health programs. With ongoing challenges for American Indian and Alaska Native health systems, including clinician shortages and poor health outcomes, the funding gap engendered substantial health risks. Other federal health systems have been sheltered from this and past shutdowns through receiving their appropriations in advance.

Disparities in Secondary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Heart Disease After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Northern Plains American Indians.

Cardiovascular disease has become the leading cause of death in American Indians (AIs). For patients with severe disease requiring coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), AIs have been demonstrated to present with increased risk factors. Guideline-directed medical therapy after CABG effectively reduces mortality and recurrent ischemic events in all patients and is especially important in high-risk populations such as AIs.

Regional Differences In Coverage Among American Indians And Alaska Natives Before And After The ACA.

Understanding regional variation in the effect of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) on health insurance coverage among vulnerable populations such as American Indian and Alaska Native adults has important policy implications. We used American Community Survey data for the period 2010-17 to examine unadjusted trends in health insurance coverage among American Indians and Alaska Natives across ten US regions. In each region we also used multivariate regression to evaluate the effects of the ACA on insurance coverage among American Indians and Alaska Natives and differences in effects between that group and non-Hispanic whites.

Social Determinants of American Indian Nutritional Health.

The American Indian (AI) population suffers from significant health disparities, including nutrition-related chronic diseases (diabetes, cancer, and heart disease). Several risk factors for disease and social determinants of health have unique histories in the AI population, including historical trauma, boarding schools, adverse childhood experiences, poverty, federal food programs, and food deserts. To effectively address these disparities, a multipronged approach in collaboration with stakeholders is needed to address the upstream social determinants of health and to increase access to healthier foods.

Health insurance coverage among American Indians and Alaska Natives in the context of the Affordable Care Act.

American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN) have a unique healthcare system uniquely interwoven with the Affordable Care Act (ACA). The aim of this study is to document changes in health insurance among AI/AN adults before and after implementation of the ACA. We used data from the American Community Survey from 2008 to 2016 to examine trends in health insurance.