Guideline Values for Minimum Nasal Cross-Sectional Area in Children.

Objective: The purpose was to determine age-specific values of the minimum cross-sectional area of the nasal airway in children without cleft lip or palate and to assess whether gender differences occur with growth in order to develop guidelines for assessment in children with clefts.

Participants: All schoolchildren aged 8 to 17 years who met the research criteria were studied during rest breathing using the pressure-flow technique. The children came from a rural area of 3800 inhabitants.

Perception and Respiratory Responses of the Upper Airway Mechanism to Added Resistance With Aging.

Objectives: To assess breathing behaviors and perception of added respiratory loads in young compared to old individuals, and to determine whether aging affects the perception and response to changes in nasal airway resistance.

Study Design: In a clinical study, 40 young (11-20 years) and 40 older (59-82 years) subjects were evaluated during rest breathing and during the application of added airway resistance loads.

Methods: The pressure-flow technique was used to measure airflow rate (mL/s) and oral-nasal pressures (cmHO) to calculate nasal resistance (cmHO/L/s).

Upper airway resistance during growth: A longitudinal study of children from 8 to 17 years of age.

Objective: To study upper airway breathing in 115 children annually from 8 to 17 years of age with the hypothesis that upper airway respiratory needs increase steadily during growth and show sexual dimorphism.

Material And Methods: To calculate nasal resistance, airflow rate (mL/s) and oronasal pressures (cmH2O) were measured during rest breathing in a seated position using the pressure-flow technique.

Results: Median values of oronasal pressure ranged at different ages in girls from 0.