Osteochondritis dissecans of the talar dome in patients with tarsal coalition.

Objective: Tarsal coalition is known to cause abnormal talocrural stress, hindfoot malalignment, and ankle sprains. These can all be associated with osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the talar dome. We present the first detailed description of a series of talar OCDs occurring in patients with tarsal coalition, with the goal of determining whether there is an increased prevalence of OCDs among patients with tarsal coalition.

Practical ultrasonographic technique to precisely identify and differentiate tendons and ligaments of the elbow at the level of the humeral epicondyles: anatomical study.

Objectives: To develop a practical step-by-step technique to precisely identify and differentiate tendons and ligaments attaching to the humeral epicondyles, to confirm through gross anatomical study the accurate structure identification provided by this technique and to determine the frequency at which each structure can be identified in healthy volunteers.

Materials And Methods: First, ten fresh frozen cadavers (6 men, age at death = 58-92 years) were examined by two musculoskeletal radiologists and a step-by-step technique for the identification of tendons and ligaments at the level of humeral epicondyles was developed. Second, the accurate identification of structures was confirmed through gross anatomical study including anatomical sections on five specimens and layer-by-layer dissection technique on five others.

Correction to: Distal insertional anatomy of the triceps brachii muscle: MRI assessment in cadaveric specimens employing histologic correlation and Play-doh models of the anatomic findings.

Figures 9, 10, 11, 12 and 15 corrected.

Distal insertional anatomy of the triceps brachii muscle: MRI assessment in cadaveric specimens employing histologic correlation and Play-doh models of the anatomic findings.

Objectives: Assess the insertional anatomy of the distal aspect of the triceps brachii muscle using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in cadavers with histologic correlation and Play-doh models of the anatomic findings.

Materials: Elbows were obtained from twelve cadaveric arm specimens by transverse sectioning through the proximal portion of the humerus and the midportion of the radius and ulna. MRI was performed in all elbows.

Accessory anterolateral talar facet associated with tarsal coalition: prevalence and cross-sectional characterization.

Objective: The accessory anterolateral talar facet (AALTF) is a developmental entity described as a potential cause for rigid, painful flat foot. This study evaluates the possible association between the AALTF and other flat foot etiologies, specifically different types of tarsal coalitions.

Materials And Methods: We evaluated patients with tarsal coalition or sinus tarsi syndrome for an AALTF on CT and MRI.

Pes Anserinus: Anatomy and Pathology of Native and Harvested Tendons.

The purpose of this article is to review the anatomy and pathology of the pes anserinus to increase the accuracy of imaging interpretation of findings affecting these medial knee structures. The pes anserinus, consisting of the conjoined tendons of the sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus muscles and their insertions at the medial aspect of the knee, is often neglected during imaging assessment. Common pathologic conditions affecting the pes anserinus include overuse, acute trauma, iatrogenic disorders, and tumors and tumorlike lesions.

Flexor carpi radialis brevis: a rare accessory muscle presenting as an intersection syndrome of the wrist.

The flexor carpi radialis brevis (FCRB) is a rare accessory muscle of the forearm and wrist. It is typically asymptomatic, but has been discovered either incidentally during cadaveric studies or at the time of surgery in patients with distal forearm injury. Rarely, the FCRB muscle is associated with pain.

The location of the peroneus longus tendon in the cuboid groove: sonographic study in various positions of the ankle-foot in asymptomatic volunteers.

Objective: To evaluate the normal location of the peroneus longus tendon (PL) in the cuboid groove in various ankle-foot positions by ultrasonography in asymptomatic volunteers.

Materials And Methods: Ultrasonographic assessment of the PL in the cuboid groove was performed in 20 feet of ten healthy volunteers. Each PL was examined in five ankle-foot positions (i.

Classification criteria for diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis: a lack of consensus.

Objectives: DISH is a condition characterized by flowing ossifications of the spine with or without ossifications of entheses elsewhere in the body. Studies on the prevalence and pathogenesis of DISH use a variety of partly overlapping combinations of classification criteria, making meaningful comparisons across the literature difficult. The aim of this study was to systematically summarize the available criteria to support the development of a more uniform set of diagnostic/classification criteria.

Utilization of CT scanning associated with complex spine surgery.

Background: Due to the risk associated with exposure to ionizing radiation, there is an urgent need to identify areas of CT scanning overutilization. While increased use of diagnostic spinal imaging has been documented, no previous research has estimated the magnitude of follow-up imaging used to evaluate the postoperative spine.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study quantifies the association between spinal surgery and CT utilization.

Segond fracture: an MR evaluation of 146 patients with emphasis on the avulsed bone fragment and what attaches to it.

Objective: To re-evaluate the Segond fragment emphasizing those structures that attach to the fragment in patients with reported acute/subacute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, and to clarify the nomenclature used to describe these structures.

Materials And Methods: A search of databases of knee MR examinations over 4.5 years with reported ACL tears yielded 19,726 studies.

Abnormal Bone Marrow Signal Intensity in the Phalanges of the Foot as a Manifestation of Raynaud Phenomenon: A Report of Six Patients.

Objective: The objectives of our study were to describe the MRI findings of pedal phalangeal bone marrow edema in patients with Raynaud phenomenon (RP) and discuss the clinical implications of these MRI findings.

Conclusion: There is a progressive distal-to-proximal pattern of pedal phalangeal bone marrow edema on MRI in patients with RP. This knowledge may allow early diagnosis and treatment of rheumatologic disorders that are potentially associated with RP.

Acute and Stress-related Injuries of Bone and Cartilage: Pertinent Anatomy, Basic Biomechanics, and Imaging Perspective.

Bone or cartilage, or both, are frequently injured related to either a single episode of trauma or repetitive overuse. The resulting structural damage is varied, governed by the complex macroscopic and microscopic composition of these tissues. Furthermore, the biomechanical properties of both cartilage and bone are not uniform, influenced by the precise age and activity level of the person and the specific anatomic location within the skeleton.

Intramuscular migration of calcium hydroxyapatite crystal deposits involving the rotator cuff tendons of the shoulder: report of 11 patients.

Objective: The intent of the study is to describe an unusual pattern of intramuscular migration of calcific deposits related to hydroxyapatite deposition disease (HADD) involving the rotator cuff, to illustrate the characteristic imaging features of this phenomenon, and to discuss the clinical significance of such migration.

Materials And Methods: A series of cases of intramuscular accumulation of calcium hydroxyapatite crystals collected over a 7-year period at multiple hospitals within the same academic institution were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: The patient group was composed of seven men and four women, ranging in age from 51 to 79 years, with a mean age of 63 years.

Deep lateral notch sign and double notch sign in complete tears of the anterior cruciate ligament: MR imaging evaluation.

Objective: To systematically compare the notches of the lateral femoral condyle (LFC) in patients with and without complete tears of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in MR studies by (1) evaluating the dimensions of the lateral condylopatellar sulcus; (2) evaluating the presence and appearance of an extra or a double notch and its association with such tears.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study was approved by our institutional review board, and informed written patient consent was waived. In 58 cases of complete ACL tears and 37 control cases with intact ACL, the number of notches on the LFC was determined, and the depth and anteroposterior (AP) length of each notch were measured in each third of the LFC.

Carpal bone cysts: MRI, gross pathology, and histology correlation in cadavers.

Purpose: Intraosseous cysts of carpal bones are frequently observed on routine imaging examinations of the wrist. There is controversy regarding the underlying pathogenesis of these cysts. In this study, we aimed to investigate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance of intracarpal bone cysts in correlation with histologic analysis, using cadaveric wrists.

Intramedullary fat globules related to bone trauma: a new MR imaging finding.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to describe intraosseous fat globules related to bone trauma that are detectable with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to define the relationship of this finding to fracture and bone contusion, to establish the frequency and associated findings. A proposed pathogenesis is presented.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 419 knee MRI examinations in patients with a history of recent injury and MRI findings of fracture or bone contusion.

Prevalence of sternoclavicular joint calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition on computed tomography.

We sought to determine the prevalence of sternoclavicular (SC) joint calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystal deposition and its association with age, osteoarthritis, and atlantoaxial CPPD crystal deposition. In 209 consecutive patients, computed tomographic examinations of the cervical spine were retrospectively reviewed. Overall prevalence of CPPD crystal deposition in the SC joint was 17.

Bipartite Medial Cuneiform: Case Report and Retrospective Review of 1000 Magnetic Resonance (MR) Imaging Studies.

Objective. To present a unique case report of a Lisfranc fracture in a patient with a bipartite medial cuneiform and to evaluate the prevalence of the bipartite medial cuneiform in a retrospective review of 1000 magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies of the foot. Materials and Methods.

Computed tomography (CT) of fractures of the ankle and foot: correlating fracture patterns with the presence of tenosynovial fat: Tenosynovial fat in ankle and foot fractures.

Purpose: To correlate ankle and foot fracture patterns with the presence of tenosynovial fat on computed tomography (CT).

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective, cross-sectional, observation study, two blinded musculoskeletal radiologists independently reviewed 89 CT scans of patients with ankle or foot fractures and recorded the presence of fat about Henry's knot, tibialis posterior tendon, and peroneus longus tendon.

Results: The agreement between the two readers ranged from excellent to substantial.

Extensor retinaculum of the wrist: gross anatomical correlation with MR imaging after ultrasound-guided tenography with emphasis on anatomical features in wrist dorsiflexion responsible for tendon impingement.

Objective: To demonstrate the anatomy of the extensor retinaculum (ER) of the wrist using gross anatomical correlation with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging before and after ultrasound-guided tenography in four different positions, emphasizing the morphological appearance of the ER that occurs with dorsiflexion of the wrist to define the nature of extensor tendon impingement in athletes who perform repetitive wrist dorsiflexion.

Materials And Methods: Institutional policies were followed regarding cadaver use. Ten upper extremities were harvested from fresh cadavers.

Correlation of morphologic and pathologic features of the various tendon groups around the ankle: MR imaging investigation.

Objective: To determine if a statistical association exists between abnormalities in one ankle tendon group (i.e., peroneal, medial flexor, or Achilles) and those in another.

Frequency of atlantoaxial calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition at CT.

Purpose: To determine (a) the prevalence of atlantoaxial calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystal deposition in a population of patients undergoing computed tomography (CT) for acute trauma and (b) the association between atlantoaxial CPPD crystal deposition and retro-odontoid soft-tissue thickness.

Materials And Methods: This HIPAA-compliant study was approved by the institutional review board, and the requirement to obtain informed consent was waived. In 513 consecutive patients, CT scans of the cervical spine obtained for acute trauma were retrospectively reviewed for the presence of atlantoaxial CPPD crystal deposition, and the maximal thickness of the retro-odontoid soft tissues was measured.