Masticatory/Temporomandibular Disorders: Practical Assessment and Care Concepts for the Otolaryngologist.

This article assists the practicing otolaryngologist to better understand how malfunction within the masticatory system inclusive of the temporomandibular joints and associated musculoskeletal structures can lead to the onset of ear symptoms inclusive of pain, and sensations of fullness, pressure, buzzing, and ringing among others. This article aims to provide physicians evaluating ear symptoms with the listening and examination tools to help determine whether puzzling ear symptoms relate to malfunction within the masticatory system. If a temporomandibular problem is identified, the physician will be better able to ascertain the origins of the problem and provide common treatment options to patients.

The phenomenology and natural history of idiopathic lower cranial dystonia.

Background: Many patients with lower cranial dystonia (LCrD) are misdiagnosed, and recognition of this condition by general practitioners and dental health professionals is limited.

Methods: We define the phenomenology and natural history of idiopathic LCrD, presenting in 41 patients with the disorder, the largest series of these patients reported to date.

Results: Phenomenology of dystonia included lower cranial and pharyngeal involvement, jaw opening and jaw closing dystonia, and tongue dystonia.