Pectoralis major muscle injuries: evaluation and management.

Pectoralis major muscle tears are relatively rare injuries that primarily occur while lifting weights, particularly when doing a bench press. Complete ruptures are most commonly avulsions at or near the humeral insertion. Ruptures at the musculo-tendinous junction and intramuscular tears usually are caused by a direct blow.

Transtibial and tibial inlay double-bundle posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: Surgical technique using a bifid bone-patellar tendon-bone allograft.

Abstract The treatment of posterior cruciate ligament injuries is difficult and controversial. Reconstructive technique and graft design are 2 of the unsolved issues in posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. We present a technique using a bifid bone-patellar tendon-bone allograft for reconstruction of the posterior cruciate ligament.

Meniscal repair compared with meniscectomy for bucket-handle medial meniscal tears in anterior cruciate ligament-reconstructed knees.

Background: Repair of meniscal tears is generally preferred over meniscectomy.

Hypothesis: Repair of unstable bucket-handle tears of the medial meniscus leads to better outcomes than partial meniscectomy.

Study Design: Retrospective review of prospectively collected data.

Combined anterior and posterior cruciate and medial collateral ligament injury: nonsurgical and delayed surgical treatment.

A detailed history, thorough examination, and a high index of suspicion for associated injuries together are the cornerstone for diagnosing and treating a knee with multiple ligament injuries. Acute surgery in patients with combined ligament injuries of the knee can lead to stiffness, primarily with medial-side injuries. Knee dislocations with lateral-side injuries require acute repair to achieve a good long-term result.