Tone as a health concept: An analysis.

Study Design: Concept analysis.

Introduction: This paper is a report on the analysis of the concept of tone in chiropractic.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to clarify the concept of tone as originally understood by Daniel David Palmer from 1895 to 1914 and to monitor its evolution over time.

Association of manual muscle tests and mechanical neck pain: results from a prospective pilot study.

Objective: To determine whether there was a statistical difference for manual muscle test (MMT) findings for cervical muscles in subjects with and without mechanical neck pain (MNP), and to use confidence intervals to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the MMT in this group of subjects.

Clinical Features: Manual muscle strength tests were conducted on two groups of patients who reported to two outpatient chiropractic clinics. In group 1, 148 patients were evaluated for MMT data (50 males and 98 females, average age 37), 127 with "whiplash"-type injuries (average duration 16 weeks) and 21 with non-traumatic chronic neck pain (average duration 36 weeks).

On: Hall S, Lewith G, Brien S, Little P: A review of the literature in applied and specialised kinesiology. Forsch Komplementmed 2008;15:40-46.

We commend the authors for attempting an in-depth literature review of such a diverse field as Specialised Kinesiology. Their recommendations for the tools that can be used in methods of analysis in future studies are well advised. The title of their paper, however, suffers from design flaws and is deceptive.