Four-dimensional computed tomography and ultrasonography for prediction of pathological parathyroid location: a retrospective review of a single surgeon's patients at a single institution.

Background: Pre-operative imaging is a well-established practice for managing hyperparathyroidism with the plan for excision; however, there is a paucity of information regarding the success rate of concordant imaging studies. Our goal was to compare the accuracy (sensitivity) of four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) and ultrasound (US) when predicting the side and quadrant of parathyroid lesions, confirmed with surgical location (from a single surgeon).

Methods: A retrospective review of 437 patients from a single surgeon undergoing parathyroidectomy from December 2013 to January 2020 at an academic medical center was performed.

Breast cancer prevention in older women: an algorithm to choose an optimal preventive agent.

Background: Breast cancer is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in older women. The current study presents new, comprehensive guidelines for providing chemoprevention to older women.

Objective: The objective of this study was to develop and pilot test a chemopreventive choice algorithm to assess its feasibility for older women at high risk of breast cancer.

Relationship of Vitamin D Deficiency and Intraoperative Parathyroid Hormone Elevation in Completion and Total Thyroidectomy.

Objective: To quantify how frequently intraoperative parathyroid hormone levels increase during thyroid surgery and to explore a possible relationship between secondary hyperparathyroidism due to vitamin D deficiency and elevation in intraoperative parathyroid hormone.

Study Design: Case series with chart review.

Setting: Tertiary academic center.

AHNS Series: Do you know your guidelines? Optimizing outcomes in reoperative parathyroid surgery: Definitive multidisciplinary joint consensus guidelines of the American Head and Neck Society and the British Association of Endocrine and Thyroid Surgeons.

Background: Revision parathyroid is challenging due to possible diagnostic uncertainty as well as the technical challenges it can present.

Methods: A multidisciplinary panel of distinguished experts from the American Head and Neck Society (AHNS) Endocrine Section, the British Association of Endocrine and Thyroid Surgeons (BAETS), and other invited experts have reviewed this topic with the purpose of making recommendations based on current best evidence. The literature was also reviewed on May 12, 2017.

Structural alterations in tumor-draining lymph nodes before papillary thyroid carcinoma metastasis.

Background: The purpose of this study was to define and characterize the thyroid tumor-draining lymph nodes in genetically engineered mice harboring thyroid-specific expression of oncogenic Braf with and without Pten insufficiency.

Methods: After intratumoral injection of methylene blue, the lymphatic drainage of the thyroid gland was visualized in real time. The thyroid gland/tumor was resected en bloc with the respiratory system for histological analysis.

Characterization of Thyroid Nodules by 4-Dimensional Computed Tomography: Initial Experience.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the use of 4-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) for characterization of thyroid nodules.

Methods: Our study drew from 100 consecutive patients with primary hyperparathyroidism who underwent 4D parathyroid CT imaging for adenoma localization. Included subjects had tissue sampling of a thyroid nodule within 3 months of 4DCT.

Postoperative Calcium Management in Same-Day Discharge Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery.

Objective: To describe a safe and effective postoperative prophylactic calcium regimen for same-day discharge thyroid and parathyroid surgery.

Study Design: Case series with chart review.

Setting: Tertiary referral academic institution.

Hyperparathyroidism Associated with Long-Term Proton Pump Inhibitors Independent of Concurrent Bisphosphonate Therapy in Elderly Adults.

Objectives: To measure the effect of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), with and without concurrent bisphosphonates, on parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D, and calcium.

Design: Retrospective chart review of individuals 60 years and older. Subjects with reduced renal function (creatinine >1.

A Phase II Trial of the Multitargeted Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Lenvatinib (E7080) in Advanced Medullary Thyroid Cancer.

Purpose: Positive results of phase I studies evaluating lenvatinib in solid tumors, including thyroid cancer, prompted a phase II trial in advanced medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC).

Experimental Design: Fifty-nine patients with unresectable progressive MTC per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.0 within the prior 12 months received lenvatinib (24-mg daily, 28-day cycles) until disease progression, unmanageable toxicity, withdrawal, or death.

Preoperative 4D CT Localization of Nonlocalizing Parathyroid Adenomas by Ultrasound and SPECT-CT.

Objective: To evaluate 4-dimensional (4D) computed tomography (CT) for the localization of parathyroid adenomas previously considered nonlocalizing on ultrasound and single-photon emission CT with CT scanning (SPECT-CT). To measure radiation exposure associated with 4D-CT and compared it with SPECT-CT.

Study Design: Case series with chart review.

Comparison of Intraoperative versus Postoperative Parathyroid Hormone Levels to Predict Hypocalcemia Earlier after Total Thyroidectomy.

Objective: To determine differences in the mean parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels for normocalcemic and hypocalcemic total thyroidectomy patients who were tested for PTH during the intraoperative or early postoperative period.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, the Cochrane Database, and other databases from 1960 to 2014 in the English language and specific to humans for relevant articles.

Review Methods: Studies were included if PTH was obtained within 24 hours of thyroidectomy.

Trends in Robotic Thyroid Surgery in the United States from 2009 Through 2013.

Background: The objective of this study was to describe national trends in robotic thyroid surgery from 2009 through 2013.

Methods: The University HealthSystem Consortium (UHC) database was searched for patients undergoing robotic thyroidectomy (RT) from 2009 through 2013. Another U.

A phase 2 trial of lenvatinib (E7080) in advanced, progressive, radioiodine-refractory, differentiated thyroid cancer: A clinical outcomes and biomarker assessment.

Background: Lenvatinib is an oral, multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1 through 3 (VEGFR1-VEGFR3), fibroblast growth factor receptors 1 through 4 (FGFR1-FGFR4), platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα), ret proto-oncogene (RET), and v-kit Hardy-Zuckerman 4 feline sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KIT) signaling networks implicated in tumor angiogenesis. Positive phase 1 results in solid tumors prompted a phase 2 trial in patients with advanced, radioiodine-refractory, differentiated thyroid cancer (RR-DTC).

Methods: Fifty-eight patients with RR-DTC who had disease progression during the previous 12 months received lenvatinib 24 mg once daily in 28-day cycles until disease progression, unmanageable toxicity, withdrawal, or death.

Metastatic Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma Secreting Thyroid Hormone and Radioiodine Avid without Stimulation: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Introduction. This is an extremely rare case of a patient with metastatic follicular thyroid cancer who continued to produce thyroid hormone and was iodine scan positive without stimulation after thyroidectomy and radioiodine (I-131) therapy. Patient Findings.

Acute lysine supplementation does not improve hepatic or peripheral insulin sensitivity in older, overweight individuals.

Context: Lysine supplementation may have a positive influence on the regulation of glucose metabolism but it has not been tested in the geriatric population.

Objective: We evaluated the impact of acute lysine supplementation using three randomized experimental scenarios: 1) oral glucose alone (control), 2) oral glucose and low-dose lysine (2 grams), and oral glucose and high dose lysine (5 grams) lysine in 7 older (66 ± 1 years/age), overweight/obese (BMI = 28 ± 2 kg/m(2)) individuals.

Methods: We utilized a dual tracer technique (i.

Costs of outpatient thyroid surgery from the University HealthSystem Consortium (UHC) database.

Objective: To compare the cost of same-day vs 23-hour observation outpatient thyroidectomy at US academic medical centers.

Study Design: Cross-sectional analysis of a national database.

Setting: The University HealthSystem Consortium (UHC) data collected from discharge summaries.

Barriers to same-day discharge of patients undergoing total and completion thyroidectomy.

Objective: Describe barriers to same-day surgery for patients undergoing total and completion thyroidectomy.

Study Design: Case series with chart review.

Setting: Academic health sciences center.

Vitamin D deficiency: a simple algorithm employing weekly administration of 50,000 IU of vitamin D.

Objective: Vitamin D deficiency affects parathyroid hormone levels and is endemic in the American population due to diet and lifestyle. The aim of this study was to evaluate a treatment algorithm using weekly doses of 50,000 IU of Vitamin D2 for thyroid and parathyroid surgery patients.

Study Design: Prospective, non-randomized.

Conservative management of thyroglobulin-positive, nonlocalizable thyroid carcinoma.

Background: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate a role for observation of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) with persistent, nonlocalizable disease.

Methods: Our study was conducted on outpatients seen at our institution from 1999 to 2009 having total thyroidectomy, radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation, measurable serum thyroglobulin (Tg), and no evidence of disease on whole body or positron emission tomography (PET) scans.

Results: Nineteen patients in our study group aged 20 to 73 with an average follow-up of 5.

Outpatient thyroid surgery data from the University Health System (UHC) Consortium.

Objective: Describe data from patients undergoing outpatient thyroid surgeries for benign and malignant disease at academic medical centers in the United States.

Study Design: Retrospective database search.

Setting: The University Health System Consortium (UHC), Oak Brook, Illinois, data compiled from discharge summaries.

Characterization of hyperparathyroidism in youth and adolescents: a literature review.

Objectives: To systematically review the preoperative diagnostic modalities, surgical treatments, and glandular pathologies associated with primary hyperparathyroidism in children and adolescents under 20 years of age.

Methods: We searched PUBMED, Cochrane databases, OVID, Web of Science (SCIE and SSCI), CINAHL, and Health Source: Nursing academic for articles involving surgical management of primary hyperparathyroidism in the pediatric population on 5/2012.

Selection Criteria: Literature review, database review, and retrospective review studies date were used from 1986 until 2012.

Hormone, relationships of parathyroid gamma counts, and adenoma mass in minimally invasive parathyroidectomy.

Objective: To better understand relationships of parathyroid hormone (PTH) production, adenoma gamma counts, and adenoma mass in patients undergoing minimally radioguided invasive parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism from single-gland disease.

Study Design: A prospective review of 104 patients operated on by a single surgeon.

Setting: University tertiary hospital.