Childhood survival of atlantooccipital dislocation: underdiagnosis, recognition, treatment, and review of the literature.

Traumatic childhood atlantooccipital dislocation (AOD) may be overlooked, especially in patients with concomitant closed head injury and multiple trauma. We diagnosed and treated 4 children with traumatic AOD seen in less than a 2-year period. We found published descriptions of only 15 other survivors of childhood traumatic AOD in the literature.

Resection of pulmonary blebs and pleurodesis for spontaneous pneumothorax.

Over a 20-year period, 83 patients underwent operative pleurodesis with resection of pulmonary blebs for spontaneous pneumothorax. Follow-up for all patients was between 5 and 25 years, with a mean of 9.1 years.

The disposition and cerebrospinal fluid penetration of morphine and its two major glucuronidated metabolites in adults undergoing lumbar myelogram.

Study Objective: To determine the pharmacokinetic disposition of morphine and its two major glucuronidated metabolites, morphine-6-glucuronide (M6G) and morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G), in serum and their penetration into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Design: A single-dose, open-label pharmacokinetic study.

Setting: The Memphis Neurosciences Center at Methodist Hospital.

A Large Drop in Atmospheric 14C/12C and Reduced Melting in the Younger Dryas, Documented with 230Th Ages of Corals.

Paired carbon-14 ((14)C) and thorium-230((230)Th) ages were determined on fossil corals from the Huon Peninsula, Papua New Guinea. The ages were used to calibrate part of the (14)C time scale and to estimate rates of sea-level rise during the last deglaciation. An abrupt offset between the (14)C and (230)Th ages suggests that the atmospheric (14)C/(12)C ratio dropped by 15 percent during the latter part of and after the Younger Dryas (YD).

Pharmacokinetic and tissue residue characteristics of fenprostalene, a prostaglandin F2 alpha analog, in swine.

Fenprostalene, a prostaglandin F2 alpha analog, can be used to induce parturition in swine. As part of the approval process for that indication, pharmacokinetic characteristics of the absorption and elimination of fenprostalene and the depletion of drug residues from the principal edible tissues of swine were studied. Blood samples, urine, and feces were collected from 8 gilts (body weight, 95 +/- 1.

Role of gluconeogenesis in sustaining glucose production during hypoglycemia caused by continuous insulin infusion in conscious dogs.

The roles of glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in sustaining glucose production during insulin-induced hypoglycemia were assessed in overnight-fasted conscious dogs. Insulin was infused intraportally for 3 h at 5 mU.kg-1.

Cation-ratio and accelerator radiocarbon dating of rock varnish on mojave artifacts and landforms.

The first accelerator radiocarbon dates of rock varnishes are reported along with potassium/argon ages of lava flows and conventional radiocarbon dates of pluvial lake shorelines, in an empirical calibration of rock varnish K(+) + Ca(2+)/Ti(4+) ratios with age in the Mojave Desert, eastern California. This calibration was used to determine the cation-ratio dates of 167 artifacts. Although cation-ratio dating is an experimental method, some dates suggest human occupation of the Mojave Desert in the late Pleistocene.

Extinction of Harrington's mountain goat.

Keratinous horn sheaths of the extinct Harrington's mountain goat, Oreamnos harringtoni, were recovered at or near the surface of dry caves of the Grand Canyon, Arizona. Twenty-three separate specimens from two caves were dated nondestructively by the tandem accelerator mass spectrometer (TAMS). Both the TAMS and the conventional dates indicate that Harrington's mountain goat occupied the Grand Canyon for at least 19,000 years prior to becoming extinct by 11,160 +/- 125 radiocarbon years before present.

Holocene age of the Yuha burial: direct radiocarbon determinations by accelerator mass spectrometry.

The view that human populations may not have arrived in the Western Hemisphere before about 12,000 radiocarbon yr BP has been challenged by claims of much greater antiquity for a small number of archaeological sites and human skeleton samples. One such site is the Homo sapiens sapiens cairn burial excavated in 1971 from the Yuha desert, Imperial County, California. Radiocarbon analysis of caliche coating one of the bones of the skeleton yielded a radiocarbon age of 21,500 +/- 1,000 yr BP, while radiocarbon and uranium series analyses of caliche coating a cairn boulder yielded ages of 22,125 +/- 400 and 19,000 +/- 3,000 yr BP, respectively.

Lung cancer detection using a miniature sodium iodide detector and cobalt-57 bleomycin.

A small sodium iodide scintillation detector was designed for insertion through a fiberoptic bronchoscope to detect and localize sites of deposition of cobalt-57 bleomycin in lung cancer. The detector was used in 40 diagnostic studies of 34 patients; 21 of the patients had tumors. We compared the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and predictive value of the detector to those of plain chest x-ray films and bronchoscopy in detecting tumors.

Middle holocene age of the sunnyvale human skeleton.

A morphologically modern human skeleton from Sunnyvale, California, previously dated by aspartic acid racemization to be approximately 70,000 years old and by uranium series isotopic ratios to be 8300 and 9000 years old, appears to be younger when dated by the carbon-14 method. Four carbon-14 determinations made by both decay and direct counting on three organic fractions of postcranial bone support a middle Holocene age assignment for the skeleton, probably in the range of 3500 to 5000 carbon-14 years before the present. This dating evidence is consistent with the geologic, archeological, and anthropometric relationships of the burial as well as previously determined carbon-14 determinations on associated materials.

Enhanced detection with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of candida mannan in antibody-containing serum after heat extraction.

A double-antibody, solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed for detection of candida antigen(s) in serum and body fluids. The assay detected mannan purified from Candida albicans cells with a sensitivity of 1 ng/ml in buffer, but it was 1,000-fold less sensitive in pooled human serum. Because antibody appeared to be the major blocking factor in serum, a rapid and efficient heat-extraction method for recovering mannan from antibody-containing serum was devised.

Thymic gallium-67 localization in pediatric patients on chemotherapy: concise communication.

Localization of Ga-67 in the thymus has been reported to occur in children. In our control group of 87 patients, 15% of children under 5 yr and 11% of children over 5 yr demonstrated thymic localization. In contrast, in our study group of seven children with acute lymphocytic leukemia or malignant lymphoma, lymphocytic diffuse, treated on a modified non-Hodgkin's lymphoma protocol, Sloan-Kettering LSA2-L2, thymic localization occurred during treatment in five of the seven.

THE PRODUCTION OF BLOOD PLATELETS IN THE LUNGS.

1. A new fixing solution is described, which preserves the platelets and prevents contact hemolysis of the erythrocytes, so that counts of both corpuscles may be made in the same preparation. 2.