Activities of gastric, pancreatic, and intestinal brush-border membrane enzymes during postnatal development of dogs.

Objective: To measure activities of digestive enzymes during postnatal development in dogs.

Sample Population: Gastrointestinal tract tissues obtained from 110 Beagles ranging from neonatal to adult dogs.

Procedure: Pepsin and lipase activities were measured in gastric contents, and amylase, lipase, trypsin, and chymotrypsin activities were measured in small intestinal contents and pancreatic tissue.

Dietary oligofructose and inulin protect mice from enteric and systemic pathogens and tumor inducers.

Prebiotics induce changes in the population and metabolic characteristics of the gastrointestinal bacteria, modulate enteric and systemic immune functions, and provide laboratory rodents with resistance to carcinogens that promote colorectal cancer. There is less known about protection from other challenges. Therefore, mice of the B6C3F1 strain were fed for 6 wk a control diet with 100 g/kg cellulose or one of two experimental diets with the cellulose replaced entirely by the nondigestible oligosaccharides (NDO) oligofructose and inulin.

A non-terminal surgical procedure for chronic collection of exocrine pancreatic secretions from unrestrained dogs (Canis familiaris).

The ability of dogs to adaptively modulate secretion by the exocrine pancreas to match changes in the amounts and sources of macronutrients is poorly understood. We evaluated the use of re-entrant pancreatic catheters as a non-terminal, temporary approach for the chronic collection of exocrine pancreatic secretion using unrestrained dogs fed diets differing in composition. Re-entrant catheters were surgically placed in the accessory pancreatic duct of two adult mongrel dogs.

Repair of aneurysmal aortic coarctation in an octogenarian.

An 80-year-old man presented with a descending thoracic aortic aneurysm. Computed tomography and aortography revealed a large aneurysm and tight aortic coarctation. This was successfully repaired with an interposition prosthesis.

Video-assisted thoracoscopic sympathectomy-splanchnicectomy for pancreatic cancer pain.

Patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer often suffer severe pain. Various techniques are available for pain control. We present a patient with pancreatic cancer who underwent unilateral video-assisted thoracoscopic sympathectomy-splanchnicectomy and had complete pain relief.

Diagnostic and therapeutic video assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) following chest trauma.

Objective: Thoracic injury remains a major source of morbidity and mortality in urban trauma centers. With the advent and increasing expertise in video assisted thoracic surgery, this modality has become an attractive alternative in the management of patients with thoracic injury. This report will review our experience with video assisted thoracic surgery at a level I trauma center and attempt to further delineate the indications for and timing of thoracoscopy in thoracic trauma.

Venous cannula obstruction by Swan-Ganz catheter during cardiopulmonary bypass.

During a routine coronary revascularization procedure in a 51-year-old man, venous return was suddenly interrupted. The venous cannula was rapidly removed, revealing the pulmonary artery catheter wrapped around it. The catheter also had entered the lumen of the cannula, and the inflated balloon completely obstructed the venous return.

Trauma life support education: a didactic and caprine laboratory course for Nigerian physicians.

The purpose of this study was to introduce the principles of initial hospital assessment and treatment of injured patients, tailored to the facilities and resources available in Nigeria. A 3-day didactic and laboratory course was presented by four trauma surgeons. The didactic session stressed the initial assessment and treatment of injured patients.

Chest wall hamartoma in an adult: an unusual chest wall tumor.

An asymptomatic intrathoracic mass was demonstrated on imaging studies in an adult. Operative removal was accomplished and it proved to be an extrapulmonary hamartoma arising from the soft tissue of the chest wall. This represents a rare location of this benign tumor in an adult.

Coronary artery endarterectomy for retrieval of entrapped percutaneous angioplasty catheter.

A 70-year-old patient underwent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty of a calcified tight mid-right coronary artery lesion, when the balloon burst and could not be retrieved. Even on cardiopulmonary bypass, the catheter could not be extracted through a proximal aortotomy. The patient had a distal reversed saphenous vein graft inserted into the right coronary artery.

Combined conventional mechanical and ultrasonic debridement for aortic valvular stenosis.

Ultrasound decalcification of aortic valve stenosis was performed in 31 patients. There were 16 men and 15 women with a mean age of 71.03 +/- 9.

Transthoracic intraaortic balloon pump support: experience in 39 patients.

From June, 1982, through July, 1985, 39 (1.5%) of 2,570 patients undergoing open-heart procedures required insertion of a transthoracic intraaortic balloon pump (IABP). In all of these patients, a percutaneous attempt failed or was contraindicated.

Disc embolization of Björk-Shiley mitral prosthesis without strut fracture.

Strut fracture with subsequent embolization of the Björk-Shiley mitral prosthesis is a rare but recognized complication. A case of disc embolization without strut fracture was managed successfully by early surgical intervention. The preoperative chest x-ray film demonstrating apparently intact major and minor struts underscores the importance of a high index of suspicion to make an early diagnosis.

"Tire patch" angioplasty: a new method of arterial repair.

A method of controlling a problematic aortotomy suture line using an onlay patch of polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex) is described. This method has been used successfully in several instances with good control of bleeding and no complications.

Reoperation for stenotic saphenous vein bypass grafts without cardiopulmonary bypass or shunt.

From October 1982 through February 1985, six patients have undergone seven reoperative revascularization procedures for stenosis of coronary artery vein bypass grafts without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass or intraoperative shunt. All patients had prior coronary artery saphenous vein bypasses, ranging from 2 months to 5 years preoperatively. All patients survived reoperation and there was no morbidity.

Endotracheal intubation using percutaneous retrograde guidewire insertion followed by antegrade fiberoptic bronchoscopy.

Although endotracheal intubation can usually be performed readily by many medical and paramedical personnel, it may be very difficult in situations such as trauma, hemorrhage, or deformity. We inserted an endotracheal tube over a retrograde guidewire in a patient with a cervical deformity. Published reports of retrograde intubation are reviewed.

Effect of phentolamine in controlling temperature and acidosis associated with cardiopulmonary bypass.

This study assessed the effects of phentolamine on rewarming patterns and metabolic acidosis in 37 patients subjected to hypothermia during cardiopulmonary bypass for the performance of aortocoronary bypass grafting. An additional 16 patients undergoing the same surgery received no phentolamine and served as a control group. In all patients, sodium bicarbonate (44.

A comparison of Blalock-Taussig, Waterston, and polytetrafluoroethylene shunts in children less than two weeks of age.

Results obtained with Blalock-Taussig, Waterston, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) shunts were compared in 67 cyanotic infants less than 2 weeks of age. A different shunt was preferably used at each of three institutions. The incidences of early shunt failure (3 out of 21, 14%), mortality after revision of early shunt failure (0 out of 3), and overall hospital mortality (1 out of 21, 5%) were all lowest for the PTFE shunt.

Treatment of restenosis of coarctation by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty.

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) was used successfully to treat coarctation restenosis in seven patients. The patients were 10 months to 17 years old at the time of the angioplasty, and the initial coarctation repair had been performed 10 months to 16 1/2 years previously. PTA reduced the systolic pressure gradient across the coarctation from a mean of 58 mm Hg before the procedure to a mean of 13 mm Hg immediately after PTA.