The Link Between Venous and Arterial Thrombosis: Is There a Role for Endothelial Dysfunction?

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) and arterial thrombosis (AT) are distinct yet closely related pathological processes. While traditionally considered separate entities, accumulating evidence suggests that they share common risk factors, such as inflammation and endothelial dysfunction (ED). This review explores the parallels and differences between venous and arterial thrombosis, with particular attention to the role of unprovoked VTE and its potential links to atherosclerosis and systemic inflammation.

DESCRIPTION OF THE CLINICAL AND RADIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PULMONARY EMBOLISM IN COVID-19 VERSUS NON COVID-19 PATIENTS: A MULTICENTRIC CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OVER A 24-MONTH PERSPECTIVE.

Background: COVID-19 is associated with intense systemic inflammation and abnormal coagulation profile leading to an increased incidence of pulmonary embolism (PE). This study investigates whether PE in COVID-19 patients has different clinical, laboratory and radiological characteristics when compared to traditional PE in COVID negative patients.

Methods: We conducted an observational, multicentric, cross-sectional study on consecutive patients diagnosed with PE at admission or during hospital stay from February 21 2019 to February 20 2021.

Expert-Based Narrative Review on Compression UltraSonography (CUS) for Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT).

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a pathological condition that develops when a thrombus forms within the deep venous system. Typically, it involves the lower limbs and, less frequently, the upper extremities or other unusual districts such as cerebral or splanchnic veins. While leg DVT itself is rarely fatal and occasionally can lead to limb-threatening implications, its most fearsome complication, namely pulmonary embolism, is potentially fatal and significantly contributes to increased healthcare costs and impaired quality of life in affected patients and caregivers.

Drug-Drug Interactions Between DAAs and Anticoagulants or Antiplatelets: A Position Paper of the Italian Anticoagulation Clinics.

The natural history of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has changed after the introduction of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs). Screening programs have been ongoing to reach the World Health Organisation's goal of HCV elimination by 2030, and most infected people are eligible for treatment. Given the increased cardiovascular risk in people with HCV infection and the metabolic pathways of DAAs, it is not uncommon to face the issue of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.

Changes in the landscape of anticoagulation: a focus on direct oral anticoagulants.

Over the last decade, the advent of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) has rapidly changed the landscape of anticoagulation. In the early 2010s, DOACs became widely available for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation and the treatment of venous thromboembolism. About 10 years later, approximately two-thirds of patients requiring oral anticoagulant treatment were receiving a DOAC.

The Clinical Impact of the Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index on the Length of Hospital Stay of Patients with Pulmonary Embolism: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (PESI) is an extensively validated prognostic score, but impact analyses of the PESI on management strategies, outcomes and health care costs are lacking. Our aim was to assess whether the adoption of the PESI for patients admitted to an internal medicine ward has the potential to safely reduce the length of hospital stay (LOS).

Methods: We carried out a multicenter randomized controlled trial, enrolling consecutive adult outpatients diagnosed with acute PE and admitted to an internal medicine ward.

Rates of venous thromboembolism and use of thromboprophylaxis after major orthopedic surgery in patients with congenital hemophilia A or B: a systematic review.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a well-recognized complication after total joint replacement (TJR). Persons with hemophilia A or B are considered at low postoperative VTE risk due to their coagulation factor deficiencies, and administering pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis is often considered contraindicated. However, using factor replacement therapy could increase the postoperative VTE risk.

Factor XI inhibitors for the prevention of cardiovascular disease: A new therapeutic approach on the horizon?

Anticoagulant drugs that are currently used to prevent and/or treat thrombosis have some limitations that hinder their ability to meet specific clinical requirements. While these drugs effectively reduce the rates of thrombotic events, they simultaneously increase the risk of bleeding. Moreover, their risk-to-benefit balance is problematic in some patients, such as those with severe chronic kidney disease or those at high bleeding risk.

Development of Personalized Thrombogenesis and Thrombin Generation Assays to Assess Endothelial Dysfunction in Cardiovascular Diseases.

The study of endothelial dysfunction (ED) is crucial to identify the pathogenetic mechanism(s) and provide indications for patient management in cardiovascular diseases. It is currently hindered by the limited availability of patient-specific primary endothelial cells (ECs). Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) represent an optimal non-invasive tool to overcome this issue.

DOACs use in extreme body-weighted patients: results from the prospective START-register.

Background: Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are widely used for the treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (AF). However, evidence in obese and underweight patients is limited. We assessed the safety and effectiveness of DOACs and vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) in patients  ≥ 120 kg or ≤ 50 kg enrolled in an observational prospective cohort study, the START-Register.

Venous and arterial thromboembolic risk of Janus kinase inhibitors: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Objective: Preliminary data led licencing authorities to alert clinicians of an increased venous thrombotic risk associated to the use of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors (JAKi). We performed a systematic review to estimate the risk of venous and arterial thrombosis associated to JAKi for the treatment of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs).

Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on JAKi in patients with IMIDs were identified by the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases until October 2021.

Antithrombotic treatment for retinal vein occlusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) represents a common thrombotic disorder.

Objectives: In this meta-analysis, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy in RVO.

Methods: MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched up to December 2021 for observational studies and randomized controlled trials including patients with RVO.

Current and emerging drug strategies for the prevention of venous thromboembolism in acutely ill medical inpatients.

Introduction: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication in patients hospitalized for acute medical illnesses. Therefore, medical inpatients require a careful VTE and bleeding risk assessment to drive optimal strategies for VTE prevention. Low molecular weight heparin and fondaparinux have long been used for inhospital prophylaxis for patients at increased risk of VTE.

Incidence and impact of anticoagulation-associated abnormal menstrual bleeding in women after venous thromboembolism.

Preliminary data and clinical experience have suggested an increased risk of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) in women of reproductive age treated with anticoagulants, but solid data are lacking. The TEAM-VTE study was an international multicenter prospective cohort study in women aged 18 to 50 years diagnosed with acute venous thromboembolism (VTE). Menstrual blood loss was measured by pictorial blood loss assessment charts at baseline for the last menstrual cycle before VTE diagnosis and prospectively for each cycle during 3 to 6 months of follow-up.

Rivaroxaban for the treatment of noncirrhotic splanchnic vein thrombosis: an interventional prospective cohort study.

Heparins and vitamin K antagonists are the mainstay of treatment of splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT). Rivaroxaban is a potential alternative, but data to support its use are limited. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of rivaroxaban for the treatment of acute SVT.

Antithrombotic treatment of retinal vein occlusion: a position statement from the Italian Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (SISET).

Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) represents a common cause of visual impairment and blindness. RVO may be associated with both local (e.g.

Anticoagulant treatment for upper extremity deep vein thrombosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Data on anticoagulant treatment for upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) are largely derived from studies on usual site venous thromboembolism (VTE).

Objectives: The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anticoagulant therapy for UEDVT.

Patients/methods: A systematic search of MEDLINE and EMBASE was conducted for studies including patients with UEDVT.

Recurrent bleeding and thrombotic events after resumption of oral anticoagulants following gastrointestinal bleeding: Communication from the ISTH SSC Subcommittee on Control of Anticoagulation.

Background: Gastrointestinal bleeding frequently complicates anticoagulant therapy causing treatment discontinuation. Data to guide the decision regarding whether and when to resume anticoagulation based on the risks of thromboembolism and recurrent bleeding are scarce.

Objectives: We aimed to retrospectively evaluate the incidence of these events after anticoagulant-related gastrointestinal bleeding and assess their relationship with timing of anticoagulation resumption.

JAK inhibitors and psoriatic arthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Despite the therapeutic armamentarium for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) has considerably expanded over the last thirty years, additional drugs are needed to improve care of this disease. JAK inhibitors (JAKinhibs) are small molecules able to interfere with the JAK/STAT pathway, involved in the pathogenesis of PsA. Tofacitinib and Upadacitinib were recently approved for the treatment of PsA.

Drug-Drug Interactions between Direct Oral Anticoagulants and Hepatitis C Direct-Acting Antiviral Agents: Looking for Evidence Through a Systematic Review.

Background: Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), as substrates of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 and/or P-glycoprotein, are susceptible to drug-drug interactions (DDIs). Hepatitis C direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs), via P-glycoprotein or CYP3A4 inhibition, may increase DOAC exposure with relevant bleeding risk. We performed a systematic review on DDIs between DOACs and DAAs.

Risk of intracranial bleeding in patients with primary brain cancer receiving therapeutic anticoagulation for venous thromboembolism: A meta-analysis.

Introduction: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is common in glioma patients. Also, spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is frequently observed in subjects with primary brain tumors. Thus, the management of anticoagulant therapy for VTE is challenging and controversial in these patients.