Transforming growth factor-beta1 accelerates bone bonding to a blended calcium phosphate ceramic coating: a dose-response study.

In vivo strain measurements can facilitate the study of the bone remodeling response to loading and load changes. Calcium phosphate ceramic (CPC) coatings have been used to attach strain gauges to bone for extended periods of time, but require up to 12 weeks for adequate CPC-to-bone bonding. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1), an osteoinductive growth factor, was used as a surface enhancement to accelerate bone growth and bonding to CPC particles.