Effectiveness and safety of human placenta hydrolysate injection into subacromial space in patients with shoulder impingement syndrome: a single-blind, randomized trial.

Background: Human placental hydrolysate (hPH) contains anti-inflammatory substances. This study aimed to analyze whether injecting hPH into the subacromial space could reduce pain in patients with shoulder impingement syndrome.

Methods: This single-blind, randomized controlled study enrolled 50 patients with shoulder impingement syndrome who were randomly assigned to either the hPH or placebo groups.

The association between ventricle ratio in preterm infants and motor developmental delay.

Introduction Early prediction and timely intervention are particularly essential for high-risk preterm infants. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (BMRI) is frequently used alongside functional evaluations to improve predictions of developmental outcomes. This study aimed to assess voxel-based brain volumetry in extremely preterm infants using BMRI at term equivalent age (TEA) and investigate its association with developmental outcomes.

Exploring the impact of estrogen-related receptor gamma on metabolism and disease.

Estrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRγ) is a member of the ERR orphan nuclear receptor family which possesses three subtypes, α, β, and γ. ERRγ is reportedly predominantly expressed in metabolically active tissues and cells, which promotes positive and negative effects in different tissues. ERRγ overexpression in the liver, pancreas, and thyroid cells is related to liver cancer, oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulation, and carcinoma.

Reduction in limb-movement complexity at term-equivalent age is associated with motor developmental delay in very-preterm or very-low-birth-weight infants.

Reduced complexity during the writhing period can be crucial in the spontaneous movements of high-risk infants for neurologic impairment. This study aimed to verify the association between quantified complexity of upper and lower-limb movements at term-equivalent age and motor development in very-preterm or very-low-birth-weight infants. Video images of spontaneous movements at term-equivalent age were collected from very-preterm or very-low-birth-weight infants.

3-Methylcatechol mediates anti-fecundity effect by inhibiting estrogen-related receptor-induced glycolytic gene expression in Myzus persicae.

Aphids are a major problem in agriculture, horticulture, and forestry by feeding on leaves and stems, causing discoloration, leaf curling, yellowing, and stunted growth. Although urushiol, a phenolic compound containing a catechol structure, is known for its antioxidant and anticancer properties, using small molecules to control aphids via catechol-mediated mechanisms is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of 3-methylcatechol (3-MC) on Myzus persicae fecundity.

ERRγ-inducible FGF23 promotes alcoholic liver injury through enhancing CYP2E1 mediated hepatic oxidative stress.

Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a member of endocrine FGF family, along with FGF15/19 and FGF21. Recent reports showed that under pathological conditions, liver produces FGF23, although the role of hepatic FGF23 remains nebulous. Here, we investigated the role of hepatic FGF23 in alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and delineated the underlying molecular mechanism.

Relation Between Masticatory Performance and Skeletal Properties in Patients With Skeletal Class III Malocclusion.

This study aimed to measure masticatory performance (MP) using β-carotene gummy jelly to investigate its relationship with skeletal properties in decompensated patients diagnosed with skeletal class III malocclusion. The study included 78 patients (38 men and 40 women) diagnosed with skeletal class III malocclusion without temporomandibular joint disorder and periodontal disease. MP was measured using a new masticatory measuring device and β-carotene in the gummy jelly.

Feasibility and safety of exercise during chemotherapy in people with gastrointestinal cancers: a pilot study.

Purpose: Sarcopenia is a poor prognostic factor in cancer patients, and exercise is one of the treatments to improve sarcopenia. However, there is currently insufficient evidence on whether exercise can improve sarcopenia in patients with advanced cancers. This study examined the feasibility of exercise in advanced gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients treated with palliative chemotherapy.

Association of Diaphragm Thickness and Respiratory Muscle Strength With Indices of Sarcopenia.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between respiratory muscle strength, diaphragm thickness (DT), and indices of sarcopenia.

Methods: This study included 45 healthy elderly volunteers (21 male and 24 female) aged 65 years or older. Sarcopenia indices, including hand grip strength (HGS) and body mass index-adjusted appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM/BMI), were measured using a hand grip dynamometer and bioimpedance analysis, respectively.

Clinical Practice Guideline for Stroke Rehabilitation in Korea-Part 1: Rehabilitation for Motor Function (2022).

This clinical practice guideline (CPG) is the fourth edition of the Korean guideline for stroke rehabilitation, which was last updated in 2016. The development approach has been changed from a consensus-based approach to an evidence-based approach using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation (GRADE) method. This change ensures that the guidelines are based on the latest and strongest evidence available.

Rising Influence of Nanotechnology in Addressing Oxidative Stress-Related Liver Disorders.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a significant role in the survival and decline of various biological systems. In liver-related metabolic disorders such as steatohepatitis, ROS can act as both a cause and a consequence. Alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are two distinct types of steatohepatitis.

Protective Effects of the Postbiotic Lactobacillus plantarum MD35 on Bone Loss in an Ovariectomized Mice Model.

Postmenopausal osteoporosis is caused by estrogen deficiency, which impairs bone homeostasis, resulting in increased osteoclastic resorption without a corresponding increase in osteoblastic activity. Postbiotics have several therapeutic properties, including anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-osteoporotic effects. However, the beneficial effects of the postbiotic MD35 of Lactobacillus plantarum on bone have not been studied.

Structure-based discovery of pyrazolamides as novel ERRγ inverse agonists.

Estrogen-related receptor-gamma (ERRγ) is an orphan nuclear receptor with high structural similarity to estrogen receptors (ERα and β). The endogenous ligand of the receptor has yet to be identified. Only two classes of molecules-stilbene (diethylstilbestrol, 4-hydroxytamoxifen, and GSK5182) and flavonol (kaempferol) have been known to modulate the transcriptional activity of the receptor to date.

Emerging Role of SMILE in Liver Metabolism.

Small heterodimer partner-interacting leucine zipper (SMILE) is a member of the CREB/ATF family of basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors. SMILE has two isoforms, a small and long isoform, resulting from alternative usage of the initiation codon. Interestingly, although SMILE can homodimerize similar to other bZIP proteins, it cannot bind to DNA.

An Inverse Agonist GSK5182 Increases Protein Stability of the Orphan Nuclear Receptor ERRγ via Inhibition of Ubiquitination.

The orphan nuclear receptor, estrogen-related receptor γ (ERRγ) is a constitutively active transcription factor involved in mitochondrial metabolism and energy homeostasis. GSK5182, a specific inverse agonist of ERRγ that inhibits transcriptional activity, induces a conformational change in ERRγ, resulting in a loss of coactivator binding. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the stabilization of the ERRγ protein by its inverse agonist remains largely unknown.

SMILE Downregulation during Melanogenesis Induces MITF Transcription in B16F10 Cells.

SMILE (small heterodimer partner-interacting leucine zipper protein) is a transcriptional corepressor that potently regulates various cellular processes such as metabolism and growth in numerous tissues. However, its regulatory role in skin tissue remains uncharacterized. Here, we demonstrated that SMILE expression markedly decreased in human melanoma biopsy specimens and was inversely correlated with that of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF).

Therapeutic strategy targeting host lipolysis limits infection by SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus.

The biosynthesis of host lipids and/or lipid droplets (LDs) has been studied extensively as a putative therapeutic target in diverse viral infections. However, directly targeting the LD lipolytic catabolism in virus-infected cells has not been widely investigated. Here, we show the linkage of the LD-associated lipase activation to the breakdown of LDs for the generation of free fatty acids (FFAs) at the late stage of diverse RNA viral infections, which represents a broad-spectrum antiviral target.

Nuclear receptor estrogen-related receptor modulates antimicrobial peptide expression for host innate immunity in Tribolium castaneum.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are core components of innate immunity to protect insects against microbial infections. Nuclear receptors (NRs) are ligand-dependent transcription factors that can regulate the expression of genes critical for insect development including molting and metamorphosis. However, the role of NRs in host innate immune response to microbial infection remains poorly understood in Tribolium castaneum (T.

Effects of vertical compression during pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation using the one-handed chest compression technique.

Objective: The posture of the rescuer while performing the one-handed chest compression (OHCC) has not yet been evaluated. This study aimed to investigate the effect of vertical compression during pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) using the OHCC technique.

Methods: This was a prospective randomized crossover simulation trial.

Nuclear receptor HR3 mediates transcriptional regulation of chitin metabolic genes during molting in Tribolium castaneum.

Background: Chitin, a major component of insect cuticles, plays a critical role in insect molting and morphogenesis. Thus, coordination of chitin remodeling during insect development requires tight transcriptional control of the chitin metabolism genes involved in chitin synthesis, assembly and degradation. However, the molecular mechanism underlying transcriptional coordination of chitin metabolism genes during beetle development is not yet completely understood.

Improvement of chewing and swallowing risks in community-dwelling older adults using texture-modified food.

Background/objectives: Understanding the mechanism of chewing and swallowing food is important when creating a proper diet for older adults. This study investigated whether texture-modified model foods can reduce the difference in chewing and swallowing parameters between healthy community-living young and older adults.

Subjects/methods: In total, 35 older and 20 young adults (mean age: 75 and 25 years, respectively), matched for sex and number of teeth, were recruited and their unstimulated salivation and tongue pressure were measured.

Oxidative Stress, Genomic Integrity, and Liver Diseases.

Excess reactive oxygen species production and free radical formation can lead to oxidative stress that can damage cells, tissues, and organs. Cellular oxidative stress is defined as the imbalance between ROS production and antioxidants. This imbalance can lead to malfunction or structure modification of major cellular molecules such as lipids, proteins, and DNAs.

Melatonin Regulates Iron Homeostasis by Inducing Hepcidin Expression in Hepatocytes.

The pineal hormone, melatonin, plays important roles in circadian rhythms and energy metabolism. The hepatic peptide hormone, hepcidin, regulates iron homeostasis by triggering the degradation of ferroportin (FPN), the protein that transfers cellular iron to the blood. However, the role of melatonin in the transcriptional regulation of hepcidin is largely unknown.

Deep learning-based quantitative analyses of spontaneous movements and their association with early neurological development in preterm infants.

This study aimed to develop quantitative assessments of spontaneous movements in high-risk preterm infants based on a deep learning algorithm. Video images of spontaneous movements were recorded in very preterm infants at the term-equivalent age. The Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination (HINE) was performed in infants at 4 months of corrected age.

Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Suppresses BMP-6-Mediated SMAD1/5/8 Transactivation of Hepcidin Gene by Inducing SMILE in Hepatocytes.

Hepcidin, a major regulator of systemic iron homeostasis, is mainly induced in hepatocytes by activating bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP-6) signaling in response to changes in the iron status. Small heterodimer partner-interacting leucine zipper protein (SMILE), a polyphenol-inducible transcriptional co-repressor, regulates hepatic gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis. Here, we examine the epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) effect on BMP-6-mediated SMAD1/5/8 transactivation of the hepcidin gene.