Intraocular oxygen distribution in advanced proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Purpose: To determine the preretinal distribution of oxygen in advanced proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and to investigate the relationship between intraocular oxygen tensions and vitreous cytokine concentrations.

Design: Comparative cross-sectional study.

Methods: Oxygen levels were measured at sites in the vitreous and at the inner retinal surface using an optical oxygen sensor in 14 control subjects and in 14 subjects with advanced proliferative diabetic retinopathy who had developed tractional retinal detachments despite previous panretinal photocoagulation.

Orbital blowout fractures and race.

Purpose: To examine the type of orbital blowout fracture and its variation with race.

Design: Retrospective review of computed tomography (CT) scans and demography in an unselected cohort of patients with orbital blowout fractures.

Participants: Patients with a high-resolution CT scan of adequate quality for analysis who presented with an orbital blowout fracture to the Orbital Clinic at Moorfields Eye Hospital.

Long-term outcome of primary congenital glaucoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the long-term outcome of primary congenital glaucoma in patients followed for more than 20 years.

Methods: All patients with a diagnosis of congenital glaucoma who were examined in the pediatric glaucoma clinic at Moorfields Eye Hospital from 2005 to 2006 were included. The follow-up period was a minimum of 20 years; patients with pediatric glaucoma secondary to other etiologies were excluded.

Surgical technique: modified lateral tarsorrhaphy.

Purpose: The signs of thyroid eye disease include proptosis, eyelid retraction, and exposure of the ocular surface, resulting in a symptomatic and unsatisfactory aesthetic appearance. A number of surgical techniques have been proposed to treat the eyelid sequelae of thyroid eye disease, which vary in both complexity and potential complications; the authors propose a novel technique for correcting inferolateral scleral show. This technique is proposed for cases of mild inferior scleral show (2 mm or less).

Schwannomas of the lacrimal gland fossa.

Purpose: Schwannomas are rare benign nerve sheath tumours that account for 1% of orbital tumours and, although sometimes associated with neurofibromatosis, most occur as isolated lesions and arise from branches of the ciliary or trigeminal nerves.

Methods: Two rare cases of Schwannoma arising within the lacrimal gland fossa are presented, these tumours being managed with intact surgical excision.

Results: A 66-year-old Caucasian female was referred with 6 months of progressive left painless proptosis and intermittent diplopia.

Laser iridotomy in dark irides.

Background: Laser iridotomy is the established treatment for angle-closure glaucoma. Nd:YAG (neodymium: yttrium-aluminium-garnet) laser iridotomy is challenging in the heavily pigmented irides of African and Asian patients,

Aim: To present a modified laser iridotomy technique for use in dark irides.

Methods: The argon laser was applied in two stages: firstly, low-power argon was applied, which created a circular area of pitted iris stroma in the superior iris.

Optic disk size and optic disk-to-fovea distance in preterm and full-term infants.

Purpose: Few studies have assessed optic disk and retinal morphology in infants. Here the optic disk and optic disk-to-fovea distance were measured in preterm and full-term infants in vivo.

Methods: Optic disk (OD) dimensions and the center-to-center distance between the OD and the macula were measured using digital imaging in infants undergoing routine ophthalmic examinations.

Evaluation of a toric intraocular lens with a Z-haptic.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and rotational stability of the MicroSil 6116TU foldable 3-piece silicone toric intraocular lens (IOL) (HumanOptics).

Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Hillingdon Hospital, Uxbridge, Middlesex, United Kingdom.

Methods: This prospective observational study included 21 eyes of 14 consecutive patients with more than 1.

Conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma: atypical presentation of HIV.

Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the conjunctiva is uncommon in Western countries. A Nigerian patient who presented with right lower lid swelling treated as a chalazion is described here. She re-presented 5 months later with widespread metastatic conjunctival SCC and positive HIV serology.