Species-specificity of equine and porcine Lawsonia intracellularis isolates in laboratory animals.

Lawsonia intracellularis infection causes proliferative enteropathy (PE) in many mammalian species, with porcine and equine proliferative enteropathy (PPE and EPE) known worldwide. Hamsters are a well-published animal model for PPE infection studies in pigs. There is no laboratory animal model for EPE infection studies and it is not known whether there is species-specificity for equine or porcine isolates of L.

The rabbit as an infection model for equine proliferative enteropathy.

The objective of this study was to demonstrate the susceptibility of rabbits to Lawsonia intracellularis obtained from a case of clinical equine proliferative enteropathy (EPE). This is a preliminary step toward developing a rabbit infection model for studying pathogenesis and therapy of EPE in horses. Nine does were equally assigned to 3 groups.

Synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy of gallium in bladder tissue following gallium maltolate administration during urinary tract infection.

A mouse model of cystitis caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli was used to study the distribution of gallium in bladder tissue following oral administration of gallium maltolate during urinary tract infection. The median concentration of gallium in homogenized bladder tissue from infected mice was 1.93 μg/g after daily administration of gallium maltolate for 5 days.

Vomiting of oral medications by pediatric patients: survey of medication redosing practices.

Background: At the time of this study, the authors' pediatric tertiary care hospital had no policy to guide actions when a child vomited after ingesting oral medication, and limited information was available in the literature.

Objectives: To characterize this clinical problem at the study hospital, to identify current practices related to redosing of medications at the study hospital, and to collect guidelines and opinions of health care professionals at other pediatric hospitals on this topic.

Methods: Two online surveys were conducted, each over a 1-month period in late 2010, to identify current practices and opinions of pediatric health care professionals about redosing of medications after vomiting.

Infusion of sodium bicarbonate in experimentally induced metabolic acidosis does not provoke cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) acidosis in calves.

In a crossover study, 5 calves were made acidotic by intermittent intravenous infusion of isotonic hydrochloric acid (HCl) over approximately 24 h. This was followed by rapid (4 h) or slow (24 h) correction of blood pH with isotonic sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO(3)) to determine if rapid correction of acidemia produced paradoxical cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) acidosis. Infusion of HCl produced a marked metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation.

CLCA protein and chloride transport in canine retinal pigment epithelium.

Problems in ion and fluid transfer across the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) are a probable cause of inappropriate accumulations of fluid between the photoreceptors of the retina and the RPE. The activities of Cl- transporters involved in basal fluid transfer across the RPE have been compared to determine whether Ca2+- or cAMP-dependent channels may be responsible for basal housekeeping levels of secretory activity in this tissue. The role of a candidate Ca2+-dependent CLCA protein in the basal RPE transport of Cl- has been investigated.