Sensing nitriles with THz spectroscopy of urine vapours from cancers patients subject to chemotherapy.

A THz nonstationary high-resolution spectrometer based on semiconductor superlattice multipliers is applied to investigate the dynamics of urine composition for cancer patients treated with chemotherapy. The molecular urine composition of healthy volunteers and cancer patients was compared and contrasted. We have found a set of nitriles that either appeared after chemotherapy or increased in content, which are expected as a result of bio-chemical damage to the liver.

Terahertz high-resolution spectroscopy of thermal decomposition gas products of diabetic and non-diabetic blood plasma and kidney tissue pellets.

Significance: One of the modern trends in medical diagnostics is based on metabolomics, an approach allowing determination of metabolites which can be the specific features of disease. High-resolution gas spectroscopy allows investigation of the gas metabolite content of samples of biological origin. We present the elaboration of a method of studying diabetic and non-diabetic biological samples, prepared as pellets, by terahertz (THz) high-resolution spectroscopy.

Terahertz spectroscopy of diabetic and non-diabetic human blood plasma pellets.

Significance: The creation of fundamentally new approaches to storing various biomaterial and estimation parameters, without irreversible loss of any biomaterial, is a pressing challenge in clinical practice. We present a technology for studying samples of diabetic and non-diabetic human blood plasma in the terahertz (THz) frequency range.

Aim: The main idea of our study is to propose a method for diagnosis and storing the samples of diabetic and non-diabetic human blood plasma and to study these samples in the THz frequency range.

[[Clinical Relevance Helicobacter Pylori Genotypes in Patients with Chronic Pancreatitis and Concomitant Infections Helicobacter Pylori].].

Relevance: Currently, there is a need to study the genetic diversity of H.pylori in patients with variety of acid-related dis- eases to develop new strategies for the treatment of patients with H.pylori to predict high efficiency of treatment.

[Experience with high-dose chemotherapy in patients with testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma].

Aim: To evaluate the efficiency of high-dose therapy according to the DLBL-CNS-2007 protocol in patients with testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBL).

Subjects And Methods: Out of 408 male patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 8 patients aged 50 to 69 years (median age 55.5 years) with primary testicular (n=3) or with generalized-stage testicular DLBL (n=5) were included in the study.

[The heterogeneity of genetic variants of Helicobacter pylori in patients with various acid-related diseases].

The Purpose Of The Study: To study the genetic diversity of H. pylori in patients with chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, chronic pancreatitis.

Materials And Methods: The study involved 490 patients with gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, chronic superficial gastritis, chronic atrophic gastritis, chronic pancreatitis.

[Cytogenetic characteristics of hematopoietic and stromal progenitor cells in myelodysplastic syndrome].

Aim: To study and compare cytogenetic abnormalities in the bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells and in the BM mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Subjects and methods. The results of a cytogenetic analysis of the total population of BM cells (BMC), CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells from BM and PB, and BM MSCs were analyzed in 35 patients (29 patients with MDS and 6 with MDS transformed into acute myeloid leukemia (AML)) and 7 healthy BM donors.

[Treatment of adult patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia according to the AIDA protocol].

Aim: To give the results of an investigation conducted at the Hematology Research Center (HRC), Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (MHRF), to treat adult patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) according to the AIDA protocol elaborated by Spanish investigators.

Subjects And Methods: The investigation enrolled 33 patients diagnosed with APL verified by cytogenetic and molecular studies, who had been treated at the HRC, MHRF, in July 2009 to January 2012. The patients classified in the low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups were 30, 46.

[Comparative analysis of cytogenetic examination of control groups of subjects carried out in different Russian laboratories].

The incidence of unstable chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes from unirradiated control subjects was analyzed using cytogenetic data obtained from 9 cytogenetic laboratories located in Moscow, St.-Petersburg, Obninsk, and Dubna (Russia). The objective of this study was to estimate the level and spectrum of spontaneous chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes.

[Efficiency of cyclosporin A therapy in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome].

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of cyclosporin A (CsA) in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and to identify determinants of a response to this therapy.

Subjects And Methods: The efficacy of CsA was evaluated in 52 patients (30 men and 22 women aged 16 to 74 years) with MDS. Thirty-two patients were given CsA as first-line therapy; 20 patients took the agent after prior therapy.

New type of cells with multiple chromosome rearrangements.

A comparative analysis of the distribution and the frequency of multiaberrant cells (MAC) among lymphocytes in different categories of low dose (up to 0.5 Gy) irradiated people was carried out. The highest MAC frequency was observed in people exposed to alpha-radiation (Pu, Rn) and in cosmonauts.

[The multiabberant cells in groups of people exposed to radiation due to different situations and their possible biological part].

The results of the analysis of multiaberrant cells (MAC) obtained in the course of long-term investigation of cytogenetic effects in human peripheral blood lymphocytes are presented. MAC were discovered in different groups of the population exposed to the radiation factor. No such cells were found in the control groups.

[Dasatinib treatment of imatinib-resistant and imatinib-intolerant patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in a chronic phase].

Aim: To analyse resistance to imatinib therapy, efficacy and safety of dasatinib.

Material And Methods: A total of 18 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in a chronic stage received dasatinib for 9-30 months (median 30 months) to September 2008.

Results: Lethal outcomes during dasatinib treatment were absent.

[Trisomy of chromosome 8 in Ph-negative cells of the bone marrow in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia treated with inhibitors of BCR-ABL tyrosine kinases].

Aim: To analyse clinical implications of chromosome 8 trisomy in Ph-negative cells of the bone marrow in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treated with inhibitors of tyrosinkinases (ITK).

Material And Methods: A total of 386 patients with CML (chronic phase--288, acceleration phase--77) received imatinib (400-800 mg/day). Because of resistance and/or intolerance some patients were switched to ITK II (nilotinib, dasatinib, bozutinib).

Origination of stromal precursor cells replenishing the population of these cells in heterotopic mouse bone marrow transplants after curettage in recipients.

Curettage of bone marrow cavities of two bones (femoral and crural) in recipient mice causes a drastic (more than 7-fold) increase in the count of stromal precursor cells in heterotopic bone marrow transplants. Stromal colonies in cell cultures from these transplants consist of fibroblasts with an appreciable admixture of macrophages. All y chromosome-typed colonies from cultures of female donor bone marrow transplants in recipient males (intact and subjected to curettage) contained cells carrying and not carrying y chromosome.

[Prognosis factors in imatinib mesilate therapy in patients with a chronic phase of Ph-positive chronic myeloid leukemia: data from a multicenter non-randomized trial in Russia].

Aim: To reveal prognostically significant factors affecting efficacy of glivek therapy in untreated (duration of the disease < or = 6 months) and pretreated (duration of the disease > 6 months) patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in a chronic phase.

Material And Methods: A total of 338 patients (64 untreated and 274 pretreated) with a chronic-phase CML on glivek therapy entered the trial.

Results: Five-year survival on glivek was high (89, 98 and 88% in untreated and pretreated patients, respectively).

[Detection of translocations diagnostic for Berkitt's lymphoma by fluorescent in situ hybridization on histological sections of paraffin blocks].

Aim: To test feasibility of detection of translocations which are diagnostic for Berkitt's lymphoma with the method of fluorescence in situ hibridization (FISH) on histological sections of paraffin blocks.

Material And Methods: FISH on histological sections for detection of t(8;14)(q24;q32) and variant t(2;8)(p12;q24) and t(8;22)(q24;q11) was performed on the material obtained from 53 patients with typical clinical, morphological and immunological picture. DNA probe LSI IgH/MYC, CEP 8 Tri-color, Dual Fusion Translocation Probe (Vysis, USA), for variant translocations DNA-probe LSI MYC, Dual color, Break Apart Rearrangement Probe (Vysis, USA) were used.

[Monitoring of minimal residual disease in patients with chronic myeloleukemia: clinical value of real-time polymerase chain reaction].

Aim: To quantitatively determine minimal residual disease (MRD) by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in patients with a chronic phase (CP) of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).

Materials And Methods: A molecular response was analyzed in 53 CML CP patients with incomplete and complete cptogenetic response (ICR and CCR) during imatinib therapy (median follow-up 36 months). BCR-ABL gene type p210 expression was quantitatively determined by real-time PCR under the TaqMan technology (an ICycler IQ device).

[Cytogenetic disorders in chronic B-cell lymphoid leukemia and their relations with clinicobiological features and prognosis of the disease].

Aim: To study a relationship between cytogenetic disorders, clinicobiological characteristics and prognosis in chronic B-cell lymphoid leukemia (B-CLL).

Material And Methods: Cytogenetic examination of blood, bone marrow and lymph node cells from 135 patients (90 males and 45 females aged 23-84 years) with chronic B-CLL was made. The patients were followed up from 1 month to 25 years.

[Clonal chromosomal aberrations in patients with aplastic anemia at the disease onset and transformation].

Aim: To estimate detectability and characteristic features of chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow cells of patients with aplastic anemia (AA).

Material And Methods: The trial covered 155 AA patients admitted to the Hematological Research Center in 1987-2002. Cytogenetic study by G-differential staining was performed in 58 patients with AA and 5 patients with AA transforming into myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or acute leukemia (AL).

Myelodysplastic syndromes with isolated deletion of the long arm of the chromosome X as a sole cytogenetic change.

Deletions of Xq are extremely rare events in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) patients and were previously described in five patients, in two of them as a sole chromosome abnormality. We found isolated del(Xq) in 3 of 127 MDS patients with clonal chromosome changes. Detailed analysis of clinical and morphological data of presented and previously published cases indicates the following: (1) del(X)(q24) and del(X)(q13) are nonrandom chromosomal abnormalities in MDS; (2) MDS with deletions of Xq affect exclusively females ages 46-65; and (3) deletions of Xq are associated with refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB) and indicate an unfavorable prognosis.

[Cytogenetic response as a marker of efficacy of chronic myeloid leukemia therapy with a BCR-ABL thyrosine kinase inhibitor glivek].

Aim: Clinical practice with the drug glivek (imatinibe mesilate, ST1571) blocking activity of oncoprotein p210 shows that a cytogenetic response can be reached in 50-60% of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), in a late chronic phase (CP) in resistance to or intolerance of interferon alpha (IF-alpha) and in 24-43% of patients in the acceleration phase (AP). This study aimed at assessment of the rate and stability of a cytogenetic response (CR) and long-term results of survival in CML patients on glivek.

Material And Methods: Glivek was given to 195 CML patients (median of the treatment duration was 42 months, 1-156 months, of the patients' age--46 years).

[Chromosomal aberrations in myelodysplastic syndrome].

Aim: To analyse incidence rate of chromosomal aberrations in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), specification of clinicomorphological features of some cytogenetic variants.

Material And Methods: Chromosomal analysis by the method of G-differential staining of chromosomes was made in 209 patients with different variants of MDS. RESULTS; Clonal chromosomal aberrations occured in 60.