Delamination from an adhesive sphere: Curvature-induced dewetting versus buckling.

Everyday experience confirms the tendency of adhesive films to detach from spheroidal regions of rigid substrates-what is a petty frustration when placing a sticky band aid onto a knee is a more serious matter in the coating and painting industries. Irrespective of their resistance to bending, a key driver of such phenomena is Gauss' , which implies that naturally flat sheets cannot conform to doubly curved surfaces without developing a strain whose magnitude grows sharply with the curved area. Previous attempts to characterize the onset of curvature-induced delamination, and the complex patterns it gives rise to, assumed a dewetting-like mechanism in which the propensity of two materials to form contact through interfacial energy is modified by an elastic energy penalty.

Serum index rules prevent risk of analysing uncentrifuged tubes on automated biochemistry analysers.

Around 1.5% of the total clinical biochemistry tests performed in laboratories are affected by preanalytical errors. Large, automated chemistry analysers prevent errors and interference by using control systems such as spectrophotometric measurements to evaluate serum indices, i.

Tapered elasticæ as a route for axisymmetric morphing structures.

Transforming flat two-dimensional (2D) sheets into three-dimensional (3D) structures by combining carefully made cuts with applied edge-loads has emerged as an exciting manufacturing paradigm in a range of applications from mechanical metamaterials to flexible electronics. In Kirigami, patterns of cuts are introduced that allow solid faces to rotate about each other, deforming in three dimensions whilst remaining planar. In other scenarios, however, the solid elements bend in one direction.

How capillarity affects the propagation of elastic waves in soft gels.

Elastic waves propagating at the interface of soft solids can be altered by the presence of external forces such as capillarity and gravity. We measure the dispersion relation of waves at the free surface of agarose gels with great accuracy, revealing the existence of multiple modes as well as an apparent dispersion. We disentangle the role of capillarity and elasticity by considering the three-dimensional nature of mechanical waves, achieving quantitative agreement between theoretical predictions and experiments.

Faraday wave lattice as an elastic metamaterial.

Metamaterials enable the emergence of novel physical properties due to the existence of an underlying subwavelength structure. Here, we use the Faraday instability to shape the fluid-air interface with a regular pattern. This pattern undergoes an oscillating secondary instability and exhibits spontaneous vibrations that are analogous to transverse elastic waves.

Androgen-dependent loss of muscle BDNF mRNA in two mouse models of SBMA.

Transgenic expression of neurotrophic factors in skeletal muscle has been found to protect mice from neuromuscular disease, including spinal bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), triggering renewed interest in neurotrophic factors as therapeutic agents for treating neuromuscular disease. Because SBMA is an androgen-dependent disease, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mediates effects of androgens on neuromuscular systems, we asked whether BDNF expression is impaired in two different transgenic (Tg) mouse models of SBMA, the so called "97Q" and "myogenic" SBMA models. The 97Q model globally overexpresses a full length human AR with 97 glutamine repeats whereas the myogenic model of SBMA overexpresses a wild-type rat androgen receptor (AR) only in skeletal muscle fibers.

Relationship between peripheral intravenous catheter Dwell time and the development of phlebitis and infiltration.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether lengthening the dwell time of peripheral i.v. catheters from 72 hours to 144 hours resulted in increased rates of phlebitis and/or infiltration.

Relation of plasma morphine concentrations to severity of abrupt withdrawal in morphine-dependent monkeys.

Plasma morphine levels were measured during abrupt withdrawal in four chronically dependent female monkeys. Approximately 12 hr after withdrawal, the morphine plasma concentrations were about 8 to 10 ng/ml, at which time all of the animals showed mild to moderate symptoms of opiate withdrawal. Severity of withdrawal showed a negative correlation (r = -0.

Relationship between plasma concentrations of clonidine and mean arterial pressure during an accidental clonidine overdose.

The time course of toxicity in a 28 year old man following a 100 mg accidental overdose of clonidine hydrochloride is compared with the decline of plasma clonidine over 5 days. The concentration data were analyzed by nonlinear least squares regression, and fitted to a model which dissociated the blood pressure effects into pressor and depressor components. According to this analysis, there appeared to be two phases of toxicity over time--a hypertensive, and a hypotensive phase.

Ketamine kinetics in unmedicated and diazepam-premedicated subjects.

Plasma ketamine concentrations after diazepam and placebo pretreatment were examined in a double-blind, randomized, cross-over study. Eight healthy male subjects received either diazepam or a 0.9% NaCl placebo before ketamine and received the alternate combination 5 to 24 days later.

Plasma levels of ketamine and two of its metabolites in surgical patients using a gas chromatographic mass fragmentographic assay.

Ketamine and two of its metabolites were determined up to 24 hours by a sensitive and specific gas chromatographic mass fragmentographic (GCMF) assay in the plasma of seven premedicated surgical patients. Each patient received ketamine in a dose between 2.0 and 2.

Comparison of two and three compartment models of phencyclidine in man.

A pharmacokinetic analysis comparing a 2 and 3 compartment model was performed on the published data of Wall et al. (12) on the kinetics of phencyclidine (PCP). These investigators gave 100 micrograms (mean 1.

Composition of the aqueous phase of chromaffin granules.

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy has been used to determine the composition of the aqueous phase of bovine chromaffin granules. Relative concentrations of catecholamines (epinephrine plus norepinephrine), ATP and chromogranins have been measured from integrated intensities in the proton spectra using computer simulation techniques. Most or all of the catecholamines (97 +/- 8%) are present in the aqueous phase and contribute to the high resolution spectrum.