Kaposi Sarcoma with Mucocutaneous Involvement in French Guiana: An Epidemiological Study between 1969 and 2019.

Data on Kaposi sarcoma in French Guiana are scarce and out of date. This territory presents unique epidemiological features. The objectives of this retrospective study were to analyse the clinical features, outcome and incidence of the different forms of Kaposi sarcoma in patients diagnosed between 1969 and 2019.

Mycobacterium ulcerans infection (Buruli ulcer) in French Guiana, South America, 1969-2013: an epidemiological study.

Background: Mycobacterium ulcerans infection is the third most common mycobacterial disease in the world after tuberculosis and leprosy. To date, transmission pathways from its environmental reservoir to humans are still unknown. In South America, French Guiana has the highest reported number of M ulcerans infections across the continent.

Epidemiology and Characteristics of Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease in the African-Descent Population of Martinique, French West Indies.

Objective: To provide an epidemiologic description of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD), and to describe its relationship with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a population of sub-Saharan origin.

Methods: Patients were retrospectively included on the basis of lymph node histology compatible with KFD reported in Martinique from 1991 until 2013. In order to describe the characteristics of the disease in a larger cohort, we subsequently included more patients of Afro-Caribbean origin from Guadeloupe and French Guiana.

Presence of Leishmania RNA Virus 1 in Leishmania guyanensis Increases the Risk of First-Line Treatment Failure and Symptomatic Relapse.

Treatment failure and symptomatic relapse are major concerns in American tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL). Such complications are seen frequently in Leishmania guyanensis infections, in which patients respond variously to first-line antileishmanials and are more prone to develop chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis. The factors underlying this pathology, however, are unknown.

Climate and leishmaniasis in French Guiana.

To study the link between climatic variables and the incidence of leishmaniasis a study was conducted in Cayenne, French Guiana. Patients infected between January 1994 and December 2010. Meteorological data were studied in relation to the incidence of leishmaniasis using an ARIMA model.

Staphylococcal Panton-Valentine leucocidin as a major virulence factor associated to furuncles.

Panton-Valentine Leucocidin (PVL), one of the β-barrel pore-forming staphylococcal leucotoxins, is known to be associated to furuncles and some severe community pneumonia. However, it is still uncertain how many other virulence factors are also associated to furuncles and what the risk factors of furuncles are in immuno-compromised status of patients, especially the HIV (+) patients. In this paper, we use antigen immunoprecipitation and multiplex PCR approach to determine the presence of 19 toxins, 8 adhesion factors and the PFGE profiles associated to furuncles in three independent patient study groups of S.

Predictive values of prurigo nodularis and herpes zoster for HIV infection and immunosuppression requiring HAART in French Guiana.

Prurigo nodularis and herpes zoster frequently lead to the diagnosis of HIV in tropical areas. The WHO has established a clinical definition of AIDS for undeveloped countries. Prurigo and herpes zoster are both classified as stage 2.

Incidence of chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus in French Guiana: a retrospective population-based study.

Objective: To retrospectively study the incidence of chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CCLE) in French Guiana (FG), South America, during the period 1995-1999.

Methods: Private and public physicians specializing in dermatology, rheumatology, and internal medicine were asked during the year 2000 about lupus cases. We reviewed hospitals' files in data-processing departments.

Increased incidence of leprosy following HAART initiation: a manifestation of the immune reconstitution disease.

A retrospective cohort study was conducted to determine whether the incidence of leprosy varied with the duration of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Between 1992 and 2006, seven cases of leprosy were observed. The incidence of leprosy in untreated patients was 0.

In leishmaniasis due to Leishmania guyanensis infection, distinct intralesional interleukin-10 and Foxp3 mRNA expression are associated with unresponsiveness to treatment.

The presence of intralesional natural regulatory T cells, characterized by the expression of Foxp3 mRNA, was analyzed in patients with localized leishmaniasis due to Leishmania guyanensis infection that was unresponsive to treatment with pentamidine isethionate. Foxp3 mRNA levels were associated with unresponsiveness to treatment among patients with a lesion duration of 1 month, but this association was not observed among patients with a lesion duration of <1 month. In conclusion, high intralesional expression of Foxp3 might be an indicator of poor response to treatment, depending on the duration of lesions.

An urban epidemic of human myiasis caused by Dermatobia hominis in French Guiana.

We report the onset of an urban epidemic of human myiasis caused by Dermatobia hominis. To our knowledge, this is the first urban epidemic described for D. hominis.

Evidence for a multiclonal origin of multicentric advanced lesions of Kaposi sarcoma.

Background: Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a complex tumor of uncertain clonality. Studying the viral clonality of the human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) in KS to determine clonality of the tumors, a strategy that has been used previously with Epstein-Barr virus and its associated tumors, may elucidate whether multicentric (disseminated) KS lesions correspond to metastatic lesions or to expansions of independent clones.

Methods: A series of 139 KS biopsies (from skin, lymph node, or tonsil) was obtained from 98 patients, with 59 biopsies from 18 patients with disseminated multicentric KS skin lesions.

IL-10 producing CD8+ T cells in human infection with Leishmania guyanensis.

Cytokines are increasingly recognized as important components of the cellular immune responses to intracellular pathogens. In this study, we analyzed the production of TGF-beta, IL-10 and IFN-gamma by PBMC of unexposed naïve subjects and LCL patients after stimulation with live Leishmania guyanensis (L.g.

Selective expression of the V beta 14 T cell receptor on Leishmania guyanensis--specific CD8+ T cells during human infection.

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from subjects never exposed to Leishmania were stimulated with Leishmania guyanensis. We demonstrated that L. guyanensis-stimulated CD8(+) T cells produced interferon (IFN)- gamma and preferentially expressed the V beta 14 T cell receptor (TCR) gene family.

Nosocomial nasal myiasis owing to Cochliomyia hominivorax: a case in French Guiana.

Abstract The larval stages of the fly Cochliomyia hominivorax are responsible for myiasis, which primarily affects wounds. We report the case of a bed-ridden patient with dementia who developed right nasal myiasis during his stay at Cayenne Hospital. Progression was favorable, but the nasal pyramid was partially destroyed.

External ophthalmomyiasis caused by Dermatobia hominis. A retrospective study of nine cases and a review of the literature.

Purpose: To report nine cases of external ophthalmomyiasis caused by Dermatobia hominis.

Methods: Retrospective, non-comparative, interventional case series. Participants consisted of patients (n = 9) presenting at Cayenne Hospital between 1968 and 2003.

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome associated with HIV and leprosy.

Background: Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is an unusual inflammatory reaction to an opportunistic infection that occurs in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients with profound immunosuppression during the reconstitution of the immune system in the initial months of highly active antiretroviral treatment.

Observations: We describe 3 cases of leprosy occurring in patients treated with a combination of 3 antiretroviral drugs who fulfilled the criteria for IRIS. A reactional state occurred in all 3 cases.

Adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma-like human T-cell leukaemia virus-1 replication in infective dermatitis.

Adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a malignant T-cell proliferation that occurs in 3-5% of individuals infected with human T-cell leukaemia virus-1 (HTLV-1). HTLV-1 infection is also linked to the development of infective dermatitis (ID), an exudative dermatitis of children that has been proposed as a cofactor of ATLL. Here, HTLV-1 replication was investigated over time in a girl with ID and multiparasitic infestation including strongyloidiasis, a disease also known to predispose HTLV-1 carriers to ATLL.

American cutaneous leishmaniasis, lepromatous leprosy, and pulmonary tuberculosis coinfection with downregulation of the T-helper 1 cell response.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis, leprosy, and tuberculosis are caused by intracellular pathogens whose development depends on impaired cell-mediated immunity. We report an exceptional triple association of American cutaneous leishmaniasis, lepromatous leprosy, and pulmonary tuberculosis in a man with no recognized immunodeficiency. Normal immunological assessment of the interferon-gamma pathway does not support the hypothesis of a genetic defect in any of the genes involved in the T helper (Th)-1 cytokine cascade in this patient.

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related oral and/or cutaneous histoplasmosis: a descriptive and comparative study of 21 cases in French Guiana.

Background: Oral or cutaneous acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related histoplasmosis is a rare presentation of disseminated histoplasmosis.

Objective: To describe this clinical presentation and to compare it with other forms of AIDS-related disseminated histoplasmosis.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of patients with AIDS-related disseminated histoplasmosis was performed.