Effective realization of abatement measures can reduce HFC-23 emissions.

HFC-23 is a potent greenhouse gas, predominantly emitted as an undesired by-product during the synthesis and processing of HCFC-22 (ref. ). Previously, the Clean Development Mechanism and national efforts called for the implementation of abatement technology for reducing HFC-23 emissions.

First Atmospheric Measurements and Emission Estimates of HFO-1336mzz().

For the past few years, short-lived unsaturated halocarbons have been marketed as environmentally friendly replacements for long-lived halogenated greenhouse gases and ozone-depleting substances. The phase-in of unsaturated halocarbons for various applications, such as refrigeration and foam blowing, can be tracked by their emergence and increase in the atmosphere. We present the first atmospheric measurements of the hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) HFO-1336mzz() (()-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene, -CFCH═CHCF), a newly used unsaturated hydrofluorocarbon.

Assessing National Halocarbon Emissions Using Regional Atmospheric Measurements.

To mitigate the environmental impacts of synthetic halocarbons it is crucial to quantify their emissions to the atmosphere on different spatial scales. For this, top-down modelling approaches were developed, relying on atmospheric concentration observations. However, increased sensitivity on country-scale is needed, requiring a denser measurement network and models operating on a regional scale.

Enantiomeric Fractionation during Biotransformation of Chiral Pharmaceuticals in Recirculating Water-Sediment Test Flumes.

Many organic contaminants entering the aquatic environment feature stereogenic structural elements that give rise to enantiomerism. While abiotic processes usually act identical on enantiomers, biotic processes, such as biodegradation often result in enantiomeric fractionation (EFr), i.e.

Long-term Observations of Atmospheric Halogenated Organic Trace Gases.

CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons) and other strong ozone-depleting halogenated organic trace gases were used in numerous industrial, household and agriculture applications. First atmospheric measurements of CFCs were performed in the 1970s, well ahead of the detection of the ozone hole in the 1980s. The continuous observation of these ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) is crucial for monitoring their global ban within the Montreal Protocol.