Preservation of ancestral Cretaceous microflora recovered from a hypersaline oil reservoir.

Microbiology of a hypersaline oil reservoir located in Central Africa was investigated with molecular and culture methods applied to preserved core samples. Here we show that the community structure was partially acquired during sedimentation, as many prokaryotic 16S rRNA gene sequences retrieved from the extracted DNA are phylogenetically related to actual Archaea inhabiting surface evaporitic environments, similar to the Cretaceous sediment paleoenvironment. Results are discussed in term of microorganisms and/or DNA preservation in such hypersaline and Mg-rich solutions.

Precipitation of arsenic sulphide from acidic water in a fixed-film bioreactor.

Arsenic (As) is a toxic element frequently present in acid mine waters and effluents. Precipitation of trivalent arsenic sulphide in sulphate-reducing conditions at low pH has been studied with the aim of removing this hazardous element in a waste product with high As content. To achieve this, a 400m L fixed-film column bioreactor was fed continuously with a synthetic solution containing 100mg L(-1) As(V), glycerol and/or hydrogen, at pH values between 2.

Relationship between bioleaching performance, bacterial community structure and mineralogy in the bioleaching of a copper concentrate in stirred-tank reactors.

During the Bioshale European project, a techno-economic study of the bioleaching of a copper concentrate originating from a black shale ore was carried out. This concentrate is a multi-mineral resource in which the copper sulphides are mainly chalcocite, covellite, bornite and chalcopyrite. The experiments undertaken to produce the techno-economic data were also an opportunity to carry out more fundamental research.

Oxidation of arsenite by Thiomonas strains and characterization of Thiomonas arsenivorans sp. nov.

A novel bacterium, strain b6(T) (T=type strain), was isolated from a disused mine site by growth using arsenite [As(III)] as energy source in a simple mineral medium. Cells of strain b6(T) were rod-shaped, Gram-negative, non-sporulating and motile. Optimum growth occurred at temperatures between 20 and 30 degrees C, and at pH between 4.