Associations of step accelerations and cardiometabolic risk markers in early adulthood.

Physical activity (PA) has a positive effect on risk factors related to cardiometabolic health yet amount of PA and time of onset is unclear. Therefore, we investigated the relationship of PA estimates and cardiometabolic risk factors in a large healthy population of an understudied age group of young adults using a standard gravity-based method on body adiposity and risk markers. In 856 (532 women, 324 men, 32-35 years) subjects we evaluated the association of PA and cardiometabolic risk factors in early adulthood.

Subclinical bacteriuria and surgical-site infection in 140 dogs with orthopedic and neurological conditions.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and types of bacterial isolates associated with subclinical bacteriuria (SBU) in dogs with reduced mobility; and to explore the influence of SBU on surgical-site infection (SSI) in dogs treated surgically for their conditions.

Animals: We studied 140 client-owned dogs.

Procedure: Medical records of dogs with orthopedic and neurological conditions from 3 academic referral hospitals were reviewed.

Clinical findings and prognostic factors for immediate survival in 33 dogs undergoing surgery for biliary peritonitis.

Objective: To report demographics, clinical signs, physical examination, diagnostic test results, surgical findings, and prognostic factors for in-hospital postoperative mortality following biliary peritonitis surgery in dogs.

Study Design: Retrospective, multi-institutional cohort study.

Animals: Thirty-three client-owned dogs.

Enhancing HPV vaccine uptake in girls and boys - A qualitative analysis of Canadian school-based vaccination programs.

The purpose of this study was to better understand barriers and enabling conditions for HPV vaccination in school-based vaccination programs in Canada. Semi-structured interviews were conducted by telephone or in person with parents, nurses, and school staff (n = 50) in three Canadian provinces. Interviews explored views on HPV and HPV vaccination, strengths and weaknesses of the school-based HPV vaccination programs and proposed interventions to increase uptake.

The Resilience of Attitude Toward Vaccination: Web-Based Randomized Controlled Trial on the Processing of Misinformation.

Background: Before the COVID-19 pandemic, it was already recognized that internet-based misinformation and disinformation could influence individuals to refuse or delay vaccination for themselves, their families, or their children. Reinformation, which refers to hyperpartisan and ideologically biased content, can propagate polarizing messages on vaccines, thereby contributing to vaccine hesitancy even if it is not outright disinformation.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of reinformation on vaccine hesitancy.

Vaccine hesitancy educational interventions for medical students: A systematic narrative review in western countries.

Physician recommendations can reduce vaccine hesitancy (VH) and improve uptake yet are often done poorly and can be improved by early-career training. We examined educational interventions for medical students in Western countries to explore what is being taught, identify effective elements, and review the quality of evidence. A mixed methods systematic narrative review, guided by the JBI framework, assessed the study quality using MERSQI and Cote & Turgeon frameworks.

Enhanced train-the-trainer program for registered nurses and social workers to apply the founding principles of primary care in their practice: a pre-post study.

Background: A train-the-trainer approach can effectively support the integration of new practice standards for health and social services professionals. This study describes the effects of an enhanced train-the-trainer program to support registered nurses and social workers working in primary care clinics in their understanding of the fundamental principles of primary care.

Methods: We implemented an enhanced train-the-trainer program for registered nurses and social workers in six primary care clinics.

Use of narratives to enhance childhood vaccine acceptance: Results of an online experiment among Canadian parents.

Identifying effective interventions to promote children's vaccination acceptance is crucial for the health and wellbeing of communities. Many interventions can be implemented to increase parental awareness of the benefits of vaccination and positively influence their confidence in vaccines and vaccination services. One potential approach is using narratives as an intervention.

Wagner diagram for modeling Opathway-calculation and graphical display by the Helsinki OPathway Tool.

Maximal Ouptake (V˙O2max) reflects the individual's maximal rate of Otransport and utilization through the integrated whole-body pathway composed of the lungs, heart, blood, circulation, and metabolically active tissues. As such,V˙O2maxis strongly associated with physical capacity as well as overall health and thus acts as one predictor of physical performance and as a vital sign in determination of status and progress of numerous clinical conditions. Quantifying the contribution of single parts of the multistep Opathway toV˙O2maxprovides mechanistic insights into exercise (in)tolerance and into therapy-, training-, or disuse-induced adaptations at individual or group levels.

Digital Gamification Tools to Enhance Vaccine Uptake: Scoping Review.

Background: Gamification has been used successfully to promote various desired health behaviors. Previous studies have used gamification to achieve desired health behaviors or facilitate their learning about health.

Objective: In this scoping review, we aimed to describe digital gamified tools that have been implemented or evaluated across various populations to encourage vaccination, as well as any reported effects of identified tools.

Effect of Aerobic Exercise and Time-Restricted Feeding on Metabolic Markers and Circadian Rhythm in Mice Fed with the High-Fat Diet.

Scope: Diet and exercise are significant players in obesity and metabolic diseases. Time-restricted feeding (tRF) has been shown to improve metabolic responses by regulating circadian clocks but whether it acts synergically with exercise remains unknown. It is hypothesized that forced exercise alone or combined with tRF alleviates obesity and its metabolic complications.

"It's not that I don't trust vaccines, I just don't think I need them": Perspectives on COVID-19 vaccination.

In Quebec (Canada), the roll-out of the vaccination started slowly in December 2020 due to limited vaccine supply. While the first and second doses were well-accepted among adults and vaccine uptake was above 90%, in late 2021 and 2022, vaccine acceptance decreased for children vaccination and receipt of a 3rd or a 4th dose. In the autumn of 2022, four focus groups were conducted with vaccine-hesitant parents of children aged 0-4 and adults who expressed little intention to receive a booster dose.

Effects of skin and mild core cooling on cognitive function in cold air in men.

This study tested the effects of skin and core cooling on cognitive function in 0°C cold air. Ten males completed a randomized, repeated measures study consisting of four environmental conditions: (i) 30 min of exposure to 22°C thermoneutral air (TN), (ii) 15 min to 0°C cold air which cooled skin temperature to ~27°C (CS), (iii) 0°C cold air exposure causing mild core cooling of ∆-0.3°C from baseline (C-0.

Endurance capacity impairment in cold air ranging from skin cooling to mild hypothermia.

We tested the effects of cold air (0°C) exposure on endurance capacity to different levels of cold strain ranging from skin cooling to core cooling of Δ-1.0°C. Ten males completed a randomized, crossover, control study consisting of a cycling time to exhaustion (TTE) at 70% of their peak power output following: ) 30-min of exposure to 22°C thermoneutral air (TN), ) 30-min exposure to 0°C air leading to a cold shell (CS), ) 0°C air exposure causing mild hypothermia of -0.

Exploring parents' views of the use of narratives to promote childhood vaccination online.

Background: Negative information about vaccines that spreads online may contribute to parents' vaccine hesitancy or refusal. Studies have shown that false claims about vaccines that use emotive personal narratives are more likely to be shared and engaged with on social media than factual evidence-based public health messages. The aim of this study was to explore parents' views regarding the use of positive narratives to promote childhood vaccination.

Effects of Transfixation Pin Positioning on the Biomechanical Properties of Acrylic External Skeletal Fixators in a Fracture Gap Model.

Objective:  The aim of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical effects of transfixation pin positioning in acrylic columns of external skeletal fixators (ESF).

Study Design:  Twenty-four type I acrylic ESF were built simulating a fracture gap-model. Transfixation pins were placed centric ( = 12) or eccentric at ¼ of the column diameter ( = 12) in the acrylic columns.

Using Heart Rate Variability Methods for Health-Related Outcomes in Outdoor Contexts: A Scoping Review of Empirical Studies.

Heart rate variability (HRV) is a psychophysiological variable that is often used in applied analysis techniques to indicate health status because it provides a window into the intrinsic regulation of the autonomic nervous system. However, HRV data analysis methods are varied and complex, which has led to different approaches to data collection, analysis, and interpretation of results. Our scoping review aimed to explore the diverse use of HRV methods in studies designed to assess health outcomes in outdoor free-living contexts.

Understanding the Influence of Web-Based Information, Misinformation, Disinformation, and Reinformation on COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance: Protocol for a Multicomponent Study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has generated an explosion in the amount of information shared on the internet, including false and misleading information on SARS-CoV-2 and recommended protective behaviors. Prior to the pandemic, web-based misinformation and disinformation were already identified as having an impact on people's decision to refuse or delay recommended vaccination for themselves or their children.

Objective: The overall aims of our study are to better understand the influence of web-based misinformation and disinformation on COVID-19 vaccine decisions and investigate potential solutions to reduce the impact of web-based misinformation and disinformation about vaccines.

Step Detection Accuracy and Energy Expenditure Estimation at Different Speeds by Three Accelerometers in a Controlled Environment in Overweight/Obese Subjects.

Our aim was to compare three research-grade accelerometers for their accuracy in step detection and energy expenditure (EE) estimation in a laboratory setting, at different speeds, especially in overweight/obese participants. Forty-eight overweight/obese subjects participated. Participants performed an exercise routine on a treadmill with six different speeds (1.

Hierarchical framework to improve individualised exercise prescription in adults: a critical review.

Physical activity (PA) guidelines for the general population are designed to mitigate the rise of chronic and debilitating diseases brought by inactivity and sedentariness. Although essential, they are insufficient as rates of cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, metabolic and other devastating and life-long diseases remain on the rise. This systemic failure supports the need for an improved exercise prescription approach that targets the individual.

Co-design, implementation, and evaluation of an expanded train-the-trainer strategy to support the sustainability of evidence-based practice guides for registered nurses and social workers in primary care clinics: a developmental evaluation protocol.

Background: The implementation of evidence-based innovations is incentivized as part of primary care reform in Canada. In the Province of Québec, it generated the creation of interprofessional care models involving registered nurses and social workers as members of primary care clinics. However, the scope of practice for these professionals remains variable and suboptimal.

Vaccine hesitancy in health-care providers in Western countries: a narrative review.

Introduction: Vaccine hesitancy (VH) is a leading cause of suboptimal vaccine uptake rates worldwide. The interaction between patients and health-care providers (HCPs) is the keystone in addressing VH. However, significant proportions of HCPs, including those who administer vaccines, are personally and professionally vaccine-hesitant.