Eleven-Year Report of High Number of Diphtheria Cases in Children in East Java Province, Indonesia.

A high incidence of diphtheria cases in children in East Java province, Indonesia, has been observed since the beginning of this century. Despite many efforts, the outbreaks continue. This study aims to explain the high incidence of diphtheria in children in East Java province since 2013.

Microbial Pattern of Neonatal Sepsis in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of dr. Ramelan Navy Central Hospital.

Background: The morbidity and mortality rates from neonatal sepsis remain high. However, there is limited information about the microbial pattern of neonatal sepsis in Indonesia. Microbial patterns can give an overview of the hygiene of an environment and act as a determinant for choosing definitive antibiotic treatment in neonatal sepsis patients.

Risk factors of multidrug-resistant organisms neonatal sepsis in Surabaya tertiary referral hospital: a single-center study.

Background: Bacterial organisms causing neonatal sepsis have developed increased resistance to commonly used antibiotics. Antimicrobial resistance is a major global health problem. The spread of Multidrug-Resistant Organisms (MDROs) is associated with higher morbidity and mortality rates.

Non-structural protein 1 and hematology parameters as predictors of dengue virus infection severity in Indonesia.

Dengue virus infection (DVI) remains a significant health challenge, and diagnosis must still be considered. Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) is a potential marker of the dengue virus that can help diagnose DVI. The study aimed to assess the role of NS1 as a predictor of the severity of DVI.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Impact TB co-infections on immune tolerance among people living with HIV: a systematic review.

Background: The high-burden regions of Sub-Saharan Africa, which accounted for greater than 70% of the HIV epidemic, are disproportionately affected by the high rates of TB coinfection. This might be explained by, the low immune tolerance of the population due to malnutrition and chronic infections aggravating immune suppression. In this review, we discuss the immunopathogenesis of this common co-infection that causes significant morbidity and mortality in people living with HIV globally.

Evaluation of Antibody Response and Adverse Effects following Heterologous COVID-19 Vaccine Booster with mRNA Vaccine among Healthcare Workers in Indonesia.

: The administration of the third (or booster) dose of COVID-19 vaccine is important in maintaining protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection or the severity of the disease. In Indonesia, health care workers (HCWs) are among the first to receive a booster dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. In this study, we evaluated the antibody response and adverse events following heterologous booster vaccine using mRNA-1273 among HCWs that were fully vaccinated with inactivated viral vaccine as the priming doses.

HAART induced inflammation, toxicity and its determinants among HIV positive children in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: Highly Active Antiretroviral therapy (HAART) plays significant role in reduction of mortality among children infected with HIV. Despite the inevitable impact of HAART on inflammation and toxicity, there is limited evidence on its impact among children in Ethiopia. Moreover, evidence on contributing factors to toxicity has been poorly described.

Burden of HIV, HBV and syphilis among children in urban Ethiopia: Community-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Children have largely been ignored in the fight against sexually transmitted infection (STI). Among children, STI is reported to be a globally emerging public health challenge. We evaluated the burden of HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and syphilis among children (< 15 years old) and its determinants in urban Ethiopia.

Impact of telemedicine on the mental status of parents of children with CHD: A meta-analysis.

Background: Studies on telemedicine concentrate largely on children with congenital heart disease (CHD), in lieu of their respective parents. The psychological responses of parents of children with CHD may impact on their child's well-being. This study aimed to examine the impact of telemedicine on the mental status of parents of children with CHD.

Relationship between Paternal and Maternal Parenting Style with Internet Addiction Level of Adolescents.

Internet addiction has become a major problem worldwide, especially for adolescents. Adolescents are considered vulnerable and at risk of internet addiction due to the immature self-control, easy access, and flexible schedule. Parenting style has a significant influence on the incidence of internet addiction in adolescents.

Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 East Java isolate, Indonesia.

 Incidents of SARS-CoV-2 in East Java increased steadily, and it became the second epicenter in Indonesia. The COVID-19 pandemic caused a dire multisectoral crisis all around the world. This study investigates and characterizes local isolates from East Java, Indonesia.

Initial study on TMPRSS2 p.Val160Met genetic variant in COVID-19 patients.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global health problem that causes millions of deaths worldwide. The clinical manifestation of COVID-19 widely varies from asymptomatic infection to severe pneumonia and systemic inflammatory disease. It is thought that host genetic variability may affect the host's response to the virus infection and thus cause severity of the disease.

COMPARING SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF MOTHER AND CHILDREN WITH LEPROSY IN ENDEMIC AND NON-ENDEMIC AREAS IN EAST JAVA, INDONESIA.

Background: Leprosy is a disease that causes social, psychological, and economic issues. Failure to treat the causes of the immune system dysregulation in endemic areas of leprosy conditions makes the transmission of the bacteria easier. This paper aims to analyze the comparison of family income, occupation types of mothers and fathers, number of children, access to health facilities, and education of mothers, fathers, and children in mothers and children with leprosy in endemic and non-endemic areas.

Comparison of IL-17 and FOXP3+ Levels in Maternal and Children Leprosy Patients in Endemic and Nonendemic Areas.

Leprosy, a chronic infection caused by , has a complex transmission problem that makes eradication programs difficult. New cases and ongoing transmission of leprosy in endemic areas make individuals living in endemic environments vulnerable to leprosy. This can be caused by the dysregulation of immune system in individuals living in leprosy-endemic areas.

Correlation Analysis between Household Hygiene and Sanitation and Nutritional Status and Female Leprosy in Gresik Regency.

Leprosy, also known as morbus Hansen's disease, is a chronic disease caused by . Leprosy attacks various parts of the body including nerves and skin. The most important factor in the occurrence of leprosy is the sources of transmission and contact, both from patients and the environment.

Dengue Virus Serotype 4 Is Responsible for the Outbreak of Dengue in East Java City of Jember, Indonesia.

Outbreaks of dengue virus (DENV) in Indonesia have been mainly caused by the DENV serotype-1; -2; or -3. The DENV-4 was the least-reported serotype in Indonesia during the last five decades. We recently conducted a molecular epidemiology study of dengue in the Jember regency, East Java province, Indonesia.

Impact of a three-dose diphtheria outbreak response immunization in East Java, Indonesia, 6 months after completion.

Several outbreaks of diphtheria have occured in the East Java Province of Indonesia since 2011. The last effort to stop the outbreak in the province was a three round outbreak response immunization (ORI) in 2018.The aim of the this study was to evaluate the impact of the 2018 ORI in East Java province - 6 months following the completion of the program.

Predictive model for bacterial late-onset neonatal sepsis in a tertiary care hospital in Thailand.

Background: Early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis is essential to prevent severe complications and avoid unnecessary use of antibiotics. The mortality of neonatal sepsis is over 18%in many countries. This study aimed to develop a predictive model for the diagnosis of bacterial late-onset neonatal sepsis.

An evaluation of the clinical features of measles virus infection for diagnosis in children within a limited resources setting.

Background: Measles is a recurrent health problem in both advanced and developed countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends anti-measles immunoglobulin M (Ig M) as the standard method of detecting the virus; however, many areas still present the inability to perform a serology test of anti-measles IgM. Therefore, a typical clinical feature is necessary to establish the diagnosis of measles.

First-line antibiotic susceptibility pattern of toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae in Indonesia.

Background: Diphtheria has been reported as an outbreak in some regions in Indonesia, most especially in East Java Province. Resistance to penicillin, erythromycin, and other antibiotics, single or multiple, has been reported in several studies. This study aims to evaluate the first-line antibiotic susceptibility pattern of toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae isolates.

Effect of IS-10506 on blood lipopolysaccharide level and immune response in HIV-infected children.

Background And Objectives: HIV enteropathy may cause disruption of the intestinal barrier, leading to a loss of CD4+ T cells, increased intestinal permeability, and microbial translocation. IS-10506 has the ability to improve gut barrier function. This study investigated the effect of IS-10506 on a number of biomarkers of enteropathy-related damage in HIV-infected paediatric patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ARV).

Seroprevalence and Determinants of Immunity to Diphtheria for Children Living in Two Districts of Contrasting Incidence During an Outbreak in East Java, Indonesia.

Background: In 2012, an ongoing outbreak of diphtheria in Indonesia was focused in the province of East Java. There was a need to assess vaccine coverage and immunity gaps in children.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional seroprevalence and vaccine coverage survey of children 1-15 years of age in 2 districts of East Java: one of high incidence (on the island of Madura) and one of low incidence (on the mainland).