Resistance to empirical antibiotics in urinary tract infections caused by Enterobacterales in the East of England.

Objectives: To characterize resistance rates in urinary tract infections caused by Enterobacterales to first- and second-line antibiotics.

Methods: Positive urine cultures examined by the Eastern Pathology Alliance network from September 2018 to September 2023 were retrospectively analysed. Enterobacterales from non-pregnant adults were included.

Computed Tomography Scanning for Sternal Wound Infections: A Systematic Review.

Background: Sternal wound infection (SWI) has always been a significant risk in patients who undergo sternotomies as part of their cardiac surgical procedures. Computed tomography (CT) imaging is often used to diagnose and assess sternal wound infections. Its purpose includes identifying and locating infection and any sternal dehiscence.

Hospital-acquired bacteraemia at a large UK NHS Trust. A return towards baseline following implementation of a 5-year quality improvement programme.

Introduction: Until recently, healthcare-associated bacteraemia was a neglected area of infection prevention and control (IPC), despite a 30-day mortality of 15-20%. Recently, the UK Department of Health (DH) introduced a target to reduce hospital-acquired bacteraemias by 50% over a five-year period. Following implementation of multifaceted and multidisciplinary interventions, the aim of this study was to determine its impact on achieving this target.

Clinical support during COVID-19: An opportunity for service and learning? A cross-sectional survey of UK medical students.

Purpose: Medical students providing support to clinical teams during Covid-19 may have been an opportunity for service and learning. We aimed to understand why the reported educational impact has been mixed to inform future placements.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of medical students at UK medical schools during the first Covid-19 'lockdown' period in the UK (March-July 2020).

Exposure and awareness of oral and maxillofacial surgery for first degree medical undergraduates in the United Kingdom.

Most of the current oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) specialty trainees in the United Kingdom (UK) remain as those who first undertook a degree in dentistry. However, OMFS is an increasingly popular career choice amongst 'first degree' medical school graduates. The UK medical school curriculum should reflect this trend by ensuring that there is sufficient teaching and exposure to allow medical students to make informed career choices.

Effects of the surface chemical groups of cellulose nanocrystals on the vulcanization and mechanical properties of natural rubber/cellulose nanocrystals nanocomposites.

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), as the promising reinforcing fillers in the rubber industry, their surface chemical groups have vital effects on the vulcanization kinetics, cross-linking densities, and mechanical properties of rubber composites. Herein, CNCs with acidic carboxyl (CCA) and alkaline amino groups (CCP) were produced by modifying the sulfonic CNCs (CCS) in environment-friendly ways. Studies found the CCS and CCA with acid groups have obvious inhibiting effects on the vulcanization of natural rubber (NR), while CCP with alkaline amino groups accelerates the vulcanization of NR.

Impact of COVID-19 on the management and outcomes of ureteric stones in the UK: a multicentre retrospective study.

Objectives: To determine if management of ureteric stones in the UK changed during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and whether this affected patient outcomes.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a multicentre retrospective study of adults with computed tomography-confirmed ureteric stone disease at 39 UK hospitals during a pre-pandemic period (23/3/2019-22/6/2019) and a period during the pandemic (the 3-month period after the first severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 case at individual sites). The primary outcome was success of primary treatment modality, defined as no further treatment required for the index ureteric stone.

More than 100 years of neglect: a bibliometric analysis of global research on noma (cancrum oris).

Background: Research plays a significant role in quantifying and addressing the burden of disease, improving healthcare delivery and developing evidence-based policy for neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Since noma is not a recognised NTD by the World Health Organization (WHO), research activity is hypothesised to be low. This study aims to understand patterns and trends of research conducted on noma, to understand the patterns of citations, highlight networks of collaboration and analyse stakeholders in noma research.

'It's like juggling fire daily': Well-being, workload and burnout in the British NHS - A survey of 721 physicians.

Background: Physicians are at higher risk for burnout than workers in other fields. Burnout negatively impacts physician health, care delivery and healthcare cost. Existing studies quantify the workforce affected by burnout whilst qualitative studies use specific specialty groups limiting generalisability of solutions.

Remote risk-stratification of dyspnoea in acute respiratory disorders: a systematic review of the literature.

Background: Telephone and video-based triage of dyspnoea has become commonplace and clinicians are faced with a new challenge in risk stratification of patients with dyspnoea due to suspected COVID-19. This review aimed to identify existing remote assessment modalities for acute dyspnoea which can be applied during pandemics.

Methods: We conducted a systematic search of Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library and medRxiv for studies of remote assessment of dyspnoea [PROSPERO ID: CRD42020202292].

Atypical mycobacterial infections - management and when to treat.

Purpose Of Review: Infections caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are increasing for several reasons, including diagnostic advances, increased awareness and a larger at-risk population. NTM pulmonary disease is surpassing tuberculosis (TB) in some low incidence areas. This review summarizes the latest literature and guidelines and aims to be a concise source outlining treatment and management of NTM lung infections, integrating established treatment paradigms with novel pharmacological interventions.

Titanium-Alloy Anchoring System as a Suitable Method of Extracapsular Repair.

To characterize the effect of a titanium-alloy anchoring system (TAS) on the motion of the cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) deficient stifle. To compare the motion with the TAS to that of the CrCL-intact and CrCL-deficient stifle. Each canine pelvic limb was mounted in a loading jig under 30% body weight.

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes in Patients with COVID-19 and Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Much of routine cancer care has been disrupted due to the perceived susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection in cancer patients. Here, we systematically review the current evidence base pertaining to the prevalence, presentation and outcome of COVID-19 in cancer patients, in order to inform policy and practice going forwards. A keyword-structured systematic search was conducted on Pubmed, Cochrane, Embase and MedRxiv databases for studies reporting primary data on COVID-19 in cancer patients.

A framework for student-led education conferences.

Attendance at conferences as part of undergraduate studies is key in health professional education for exploring speciality interests, sharing research, exchanging expertise and passing on knowledge. In addition, conferences offer valuable opportunities to present work and the potential to win prizes and network with others in the field. This article provides insight and guidance into how student-led and designed health science and education conferences can be implemented more effectively.

Missed opportunities to use rapid influenza testing and severity assessment to avoid hospital admission: A cohort study from an East London District General Hospital.

Annual outbreaks of seasonal influenza cause a substantial health burden. The aim of this study was to compare patient demographic/clinical data in two influenza patient groups presenting to hospital; those requiring O or critical care admission and those requiring less intensive treatment. The study was conducted from 1 December 2017 until 1 April 2019 at a district general hospital in East London.

Clinical findings and outcomes of 153 dogs surgically treated for intestinal intussusceptions.

Objective: To describe perioperative characteristics and outcomes of dogs surgically treated for intestinal intussusception.

Study Design: Multi-institutional, retrospective study.

Animals: One hundred fifty-three client-owned dogs with intestinal intussusception.