Serological identification of botulinum neurotoxins: A critical overview.

The reasons that gave rise to the controversy over the serological method (SerM) and genetics regarding the identification of an alleged novel botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT), type H, have been concisely examined. This discussion will remain opened inasmuch as the SerM is not performed according to the recommended procedures outlined in this overview and thoroughly discussed on previous publications. If correctly performed and interpreted, the SerM will keep its preeminence in the identification, typing and taxonomy of BoNTs.

Incidence of Clostridium perfringens in Fresh Sausages in Argentina.

A simple iron-milk medium was used for the isolation and enumeration (MPN) if Clostridium perfringens from fresh sausages. Samples were diluted (log 10) in 0.1% peptone water, aliquots seeded and incubated at 45°C for 16-18 h, and cultures with clots and stormy fermentation were considered positive.