Physical properties, durability, and energy-dissipation function of dual-density orthotic materials used in insoles for diabetic patients.

Background: Patients with neuropathic conditions may develop plantar bony deformities through neuropathic collapse, frequently placing the skin and soft tissues at risk. Orthoses have been used to accommodate and distribute plantar pressures over a large surface area, thereby minimizing peak loading pressures in small regions and reducing the risk of ulceration.

Methods: A previously described bony prominence model (Brodsky et al.

Treatment of open intra-articular calcaneal fractures: evaluation of a treatment protocol based on wound location and size.

Background: Effective treatment algorithms for open, displaced, intra-articular calcaneal fractures and their potential early complications have not yet been established. This is a retrospective review of the management of open displaced calcaneal fractures at a Level 1 trauma center and their resulting soft-tissue complications in an effort to establish guidelines for management.

Method: Between November, 1994, and April, 2002, 31 open intra-articular calcaneal fractures in 29 patients were treated at our institution.