Infrequent Long-Range Dispersal and Evolution of a Top Terrestrial Arthropod Predator in the Sub-Antarctic.

AbstractThe sub-Antarctic terrestrial ecosystems survive on isolated oceanic islands in the path of circumpolar currents and winds that have raged for more than 30 million years and are shaped by climatic cycles that surpass the tolerance limits of many species. Surprisingly little is known about how these ecosystems assembled their native terrestrial fauna and how such processes have changed over time. Here, we demonstrate the patterns and timing of colonization and speciation in the largest and dominant arthropod predators in the eastern sub-Antarctic: spiders of the genus .

Spontaneous Bleeding in Vestibular Schwannoma in Patients on Oral Anticoagulant Therapy: Report of Two Cases and Review of Literature.

Objective: Anticoagulant therapy is a risk factor for repeated intratumoral hemorrhage and acute enlargement of a vestibular schwannoma (VS) with neurological deficits. Therefore, we describe two cases of patients on oral anticoagulant therapy with intratumoral hemorrhage in which anticoagulant therapy prior to surgical resection was discontinued. We also discuss other similar cases from the literature since this is a rare event.

Mediterranean vineyards and olive groves in Croatia harbour some rare and endemic invertebrates.

The Mediterranean is characterised by high biodiversity and numerous endemic species. These species are not only present in natural habitats, but also inhabit areas under human influence, such as agricultural lands. In the biodiversity assessment of Mediterranean vineyards and olive orchards within Zadar County, in Croatia, we identified eight endemic species with Mediterranean distribution, six with a Balkan Peninsula distribution, four with Dinaric Alps distribution and three species rare and endangered in Europe.

Facilitating taxonomy and phylogenetics: An informative and cost-effective protocol integrating long amplicon PCRs and third-generation sequencing.

Phylogenetic inference has become a standard technique in integrative taxonomy and systematics, as well as in biogeography and ecology. DNA barcodes are often used for phylogenetic inference, despite being strongly limited due to their low number of informative sites. Also, because current DNA barcodes are based on a fraction of a single, fast-evolving gene, they are highly unsuitable for resolving deeper phylogenetic relationships due to saturation.

METEOROLOGICAL VARIABLES ASSOCIATED WITH SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE: A SINGLE CENTER STUDY.

Spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) can occur unexpectedly and independently of the classic risk factors. Several different factors could affect intracranial aneurysm (IA) rupture, such as morphological and hemodynamic factors. The aim of this study was to establish the potential association of meteorological data such as temperature, atmospheric pressure, and humidity, and the onset of clinical symptoms preceding hospital admission of patients with acute SAH due to IA rupture.

Wolbachia infection dynamics in a natural population of the pear psyllid Cacopsylla pyri (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) across its seasonal generations.

Wolbachia is one of the most abundant intracellular symbionts of arthropods and has profound effects on host biology. Wolbachia transmission and host phenotypes often depend on its density within the host, which can be affected by multiple biotic and abiotic factors. However, very few studies measured Wolbachia density in natural host populations.

Microbiome of pear psyllids: A tale about closely related species sharing their endosymbionts.

Psyllids are phloem-feeding insects that can transmit plant pathogens such as phytoplasmas, intracellular bacteria causing numerous plant diseases worldwide. Their microbiomes are essential for insect physiology and may also influence the capacity of vectors to transmit pathogens. Using 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding, we compared the microbiomes of three sympatric psyllid species associated with pear trees in Central Europe.

Winter activity of Clubiona spiders and their potential for pest control.

Winter-active arthropod predators (like vegetation-dwelling spiders) significantly suppress pest populations during winter in pome fruit orchards in Central Europe. Clubiona spiders are very abundant in orchards and have been observed to be active during winter. Here, we performed laboratory experiments to assess the movement and predation activity of clubionids at low temperatures.

FORAMEN OVALE AND FORAMEN ROTUNDUM: CHARACTERIZATION OF POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT.

The sphenoid bone development occurs in both prenatal and postnatal periods. Sphenoid bone openings are used as surgical landmarks and are of great importance for neurosurgeons in everyday practice. The aim of this study was to identify morphological characteristics, postnatal development and remodeling, as well as clinical aspect of the sphenoid bone openings and to investigate their relationship and difference in size.

SPONTANEOUS RESOLUTION OF A NONFUNCTIONING PITUITARY ADENOMA OVER ONE-MONTH PERIOD: A CASE REPORT.

Spontaneous resolution of nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma after hemorrhagic apoplexy is a rare clinical entity of unknown etiology and is defined as disappearance of a tumor without any specific treatment. Here we present a 54-year-old male patient who presented with acute onset of severe headache, vomiting, photophobia, and sonophobia. He was referred to brain computed tomography, which showed a 16x12x16 mm tumor mass located in the sellar region with signs of hemorrhage.

THE ASSOCIATION OF SUBCLINICAL INSULIN RESISTANCE WITH THYROID AUTOIMMUNITY IN EUTHYROID INDIVIDUALS.

Hashimoto thyroiditis is characterized by anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) and anti-thyroglobulin (anti-Tg) antibodies that gradually lead to thyroid cell destruction. As hypothyroidism has been associated with insulin resistance (IR), we aimed to investigate whether IR is associated with thyroid antibody presence and whether the degree of IR correlates with their concentration in euthyroid individuals. A total of 164 non-diabetic, euthyroid individuals, average age 34 years, were included in the study, divided into two groups according to Hashimoto thyroiditis and underwent 5-hour oral glucose tolerance test.

THE CROATIAN HEALTH INSURANCE FUND DOES NOT RECOGNIZE DIFFERENCES IN THE COST OF DIFFERENT TREATMENTS FOR REVISION TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY.

In recent years, there has been increased interest in the cost of treatment for revision interventions for hip and knee prostheses. In all publications so far, the authors note the high cost of treatment for revision interventions, especially if infection is present. The aim of this study was to compare the cost of treatment and health insurance reimbursements between revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) for infection and revision for aseptic indications (aseptic instability and periprosthetic fracture).

Should we treat pain in the elderly palliative care cancer patients differently?

Opioids are considered the cornerstone of pain management in palliative care. Available data suggest that older patients use different analgesics and lower opioid doses compared to younger patients. However, it has not been elucidated yet whether such dosing is associated with worse pain levels or shorter survival in the palliative care setting.

Assessment of the biocontrol potential of natural enemies against psyllid populations in a pear tree orchard during spring.

Background: Modern pest control management systems are based on the support of naturally occurring arthropod predators, as it has been shown that such predators offer an important ecosystem service. However, most naturally occurring arthropod predators are generalists (euryphagous). Their role in the biological control of specific pests has been recognized but remains poorly studied.

TREATMENT OF HUMERAL SHAFT FRACTURES: ANTEGRADE INTERLOCKING INTRAMEDULLARY NAILING WITH ADDITIONAL INTERLOCKING NEUTRALIZATION SCREWS THROUGH FRACTURE SITE.

The aim of this study was to compare union time between two different nail designs for the treatment of humeral shaft fracture, i.e. antegrade interlocking intramedullary nail with and without additional interlocking neutralization screws.

Surgical anatomy of microsurgical 3-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion C4-C7.

Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is one of the most common spinal procedures, frequently used for the treatment of cervical spine degenerative diseases. It was first described in 1958. Interestingly, to our knowledge, 3-level ACDF has not been previously published as a peer-reviewed video case with a detailed description of intraoperative microsurgical anatomy.

LUMBAR SPINE SYNOVIAL CYST: A CASE SERIES REPORT AND REVIEW OF SURGICAL STRATEGIES.

Lumbar spine synovial cysts are benign growths adjoining the facet joints that may induce low back pain, lumbar radiculopathy and neurological deficit. However, they are not well defined concerning their origin, cause and pathology, as well as available treatment strategies. The scope of different surgical procedures includes image-guided epidural steroid injection, direct cyst puncture by percutaneous epidural needle, spinal canal decompression and cyst resection, and spinal bone fusion with/without instrumentation.

BURKITT LYMPHOMA IN GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT: A REPORT OF TWO CASES.

Burkitt lymphoma, a type of non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma, is the fastest growing human cancer, presenting pathologically with a 'starry sky' pattern. It is most often found in the abdomen and the jaw, however, localization in the abdomen other than the ileocecal area is very rare and described only in a handful of cases. Standard treatment consists of initial tumor cytoreduction followed by intense chemotherapy.

Microsurgical Decompression of Trigeminal Neuralgia Caused by Simultaneous Double Arterial (SCA and AICA) and Petrosal Vein Complex Compression.

Trigeminal neuralgia is a chronic pain disorder affecting the face. In approximately 80% of cases, it is most commonly caused, when the root entry zone (REZ) of the trigeminal nerve is compressed by the superior cerebellar artery (SCA). The etiology of the remaining 20% of cases is distributed among venous, arteriovenous malformations, posterior fossa tumors, multiple sclerosis plaque compressions, and other pathologies.

CURRENT PERSPECTIVES OF POTTER'S GLOBAL BIOETHICS AS A BRIDGE BETWEEN CLINICAL (PERSONALIZED) AND PUBLIC HEALTH ETHICS.

In the context of modern scientific and technological developments in biomedicine and health care, and the potential consequences of their application on humans and the environment, Potter's global bioethics concept resurfaces. By actualizing Potter's original thoughts on individual bioethical issues, the universality of two of his books, which today represent the backbone of the world bioethical literature, "Bioethics--Bridge to the Future" and "Global Bioethics: Building on the Leopold Legacy", is emphasized. Potter's global bioethics today can legitimately be viewed as a bridge between clinical personalized ethics on the one hand and ethics of public health on the other.

The use of neuroimaging in the management of chronic headache in children in clinical practice versus clinical practice guidelines.

In daily practice, neuroimaging studies are frequently performed for the management of childhood headache. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is significant discrepancy between clinical practice and clinical practice guidelines on the indications for neuroimaging studies. Medical records of children with chronic headache, aged 2 to 18 years and treated at Rijeka University Hospital Center, Kantrida Department of Pediatrics, were retrospectively reviewed.