Publications by authors named "Dolores Santos-Buelga"
Article Synopsis
- This study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of valproic acid (VPA) in a diverse group of Caucasian pediatric and adult patients, developing a population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) model.
- Researchers analyzed 2527 serum samples from 1204 patients using a nonlinear mixed-effect modeling approach, considering factors like age, body weight, and medications that could influence VPA clearance.
- The resulting one-compartment model effectively predicted VPA elimination and can enhance precision dosing strategies in clinical settings for improved patient care.
Article Synopsis
- The study developed a population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) model for Phenobarbital (PB) in Caucasian epilepsy patients, using data from 395 patients and 855 serum samples collected over 15 years.
- A non-linear mixed-effect modeling approach was applied through NONMEM software, analyzing the effects of various patient characteristics on the drug's clearance (CL/F).
- The final model, validated internally and externally, indicates that body surface area (BSA) and interactions with other medications (phenytoin and valproic acid) are crucial for determining PB dosage, enhancing patient care with personalized dosing strategies.
Background And Objectives: Uncertainty exists regarding the optimal dosing regimen for vancomycin in different patient populations, leading to a plethora of subgroup-specific pharmacokinetic models and derived dosing regimens. We aimed to investigate whether a single model for vancomycin could be developed based on a broad dataset covering the extremes of patient characteristics. Furthermore, as a benchmark for current dosing recommendations, we evaluated and optimised the expected vancomycin exposure throughout life and for specific patient subgroups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: The aims of the study were: (i) to characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) of doxorubicin (DOX) and doxorubicinol (DOXol) in patients diagnosed with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) using a population approach; (ii) to evaluate the influence of various covariates on the PK of DOX; and (iii) to evaluate the role of DOX and DOXol exposure in haematological toxicity.
Methods: Population PK modelling (using NONMEM) was performed using DOX and DOXol plasma concentration-time data from 45 NHL patients treated with R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone). The influence of drug exposure on haematological toxicity was analysed using the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test.
Aim: This study aims to develop a population pharmacokinetic/pharmacogenetic model for lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) in European HIV-infected patients.
Materials & Methods: A total of 693 LPV/r plasma concentrations were assessed and 15 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped. The population pharmacokinetic/pharmacogenetic model was created using a nonlinear mixed-effect approach (NONMEM v.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the relationship between plasma concentrations of lopinavir (LPV) and ritonavir (RTV) in patients, focusing on factors affecting LPV pharmacokinetics (PK) to improve viral suppression.
- It involved 263 patients, analyzing a database of 1110 concentrations to formulate population PK models, using various patient demographic and clinical factors as potential influences.
- The findings resulted in successful population PK models, indicating how different factors like BMI and other drugs affect the clearance rates of LPV and RTV, verified through predictive performance testing.
Background: The use of vancomycin against Staphylococcus aureus is currently debated because of the increasing resistance developed by this pathogen. Nevertheless, antibacterial effectiveness is a limited resource that must be protected and restored. Novel dosage strategies based on pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analyses are needed to retain effectiveness that could improve drug exposure in patients infected with such pathogens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - This study created a pharmacokinetic model to analyze how lamotrigine (LTG) behaves in the bodies of Spanish and German epilepsy patients based on data from 600 individuals and 1699 plasma drug samples.
- - The final model revealed that factors like total body weight and the presence of other medications (like valproic acid or carbamazepine) significantly affect LTG clearance rates, with comedication modifying the average clearance by over 40%.
- - While this model can help doctors set initial dosages, it still shows around 30% variability in individual responses, highlighting the importance of monitoring LTG plasma levels for accurate dosage adjustments.
Objective: To develop and a priori validate a methotrexate population pharmacokinetic model in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), receiving high-dose methotrexate followed by folinic acid rescue, identifying the covariates that could explain part of the pharmacokinetic variability of methotrexate.
Methods: The study was carried out in 49 children (aged 6 months to 17 years) who received high-dose methotrexate (3 g/m(2) per course) in long-term treatment. In an index group (37 individuals; 1236 methotrexate plasma concentrations), a population pharmacokinetic model was developed using a nonlinear mixed-effects model.
This study determines vancomycin (VAN) population pharmacokinetics (PK) in adult patients with hematological malignancies. VAN serum concentration data (n = 1,004) from therapeutic drug monitoring were collected retrospectively from 215 patients. A one-compartment PK model was selected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunosuppressive therapy in paediatric transplant recipients is changing as a consequence of the increasing number of available immunosuppressive agents. Generic and other new formulations are now emerging onto the market, clinical experience is growing, and it is expected that clinicians should tailor immunosuppressive protocols to individual patients by optimising dosages and drugs according to the maturation and clinical status of the child. Most information about the clinical pharmacokinetics of immunosuppressive drugs in paediatrics is centred on cyclosporin, tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil in renal and liver transplant recipients; data regarding other immunosuppressants and transplant types are limited.
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