MicroRNA clusters: dysregulation in lung adenocarcinoma and COPD.

Lung adenocarcinoma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are pulmonary diseases that share common aetiological factors (tobacco smoking) and probable dysregulated pathways. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an essential role in regulating numerous physiological and pathological processes. The purpose of this study was to assess global miRNA expression patterns in patients with COPD and/or adenocarcinoma to elucidate distinct regulatory networks involved in the pathogenesis of these two smoking-related diseases.

Inhaled antibiotics for the treatment of chronic bronchopulmonary Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in cystic fibrosis: systematic review of randomised controlled trials.

Introduction: Inhaled antibiotics are probably the safest and most effective therapy for Pseudomonas aeruginosa chronic lung infection in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients.

Areas Covered: To summarise the available evidence, a systematic review of the three currently available inhaled antibiotics (aztreonam lysine (AZLI), colistin (COL) and tobramycin (TOB)) was performed. The three AZLI placebo-controlled studies showed that the improvements in FEV1 and mean sputum P.

CHOP plays a pivotal role in the astrocyte death induced by oxygen and glucose deprivation.

Ischemia has different consequences on the survival of astrocytes and neurons. Thus, astrocytes show a remarkable resistance to short periods of ischemia that are well known to cause neuronal death. We have used a cell culture model of stroke, oxygen, and glucose deprivation (OGD), to clarify the mechanisms responsible for the exclusive resistance of astrocytes to ischemia.