C-Phycocyanin: A Phycobiliprotein from with Metabolic Syndrome and Oxidative Stress Effects.

is a cyanobacterium considered a "superfood" due to its metabolites and nutrient content. These include a complex mixture of minerals, vitamins, fatty acids, proteins, and accessory pigments. In recent years, it has positioned itself as a promising source of bioactive molecules for the treatment of several diseases, including metabolic syndrome, coronary diseases, cancer, and the improvement of health modulating oxidative stress.

Acetonic and Methanolic Extracts of Heterotheca inuloides, and Quercetin, Decrease CCl(4)-Oxidative Stress in Several Rat Tissues.

The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that the acetonic and methanolic extracts of H. inuloides prevent carbon tetrachloride-(CCl(4)) induced oxidative stress in vital tissues. Pretreatment with both H.

Characterization of N-diethylnitrosamine-initiated and ferric nitrilotriacetate-promoted renal cell carcinoma experimental model and effect of a tamarind seed extract against acute nephrotoxicity and carcinogenesis.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the commonest malignancy in adult kidney, lacks of early signs, resulting often in metastasis at first diagnosis. N-Diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-initiated and ferric nitrilotriacetate (FeNTA)-promoted RCC may be a useful experimental model, but it is not well characterized. In this study, histological alterations and oxidative stress markers were analyzed at different times throughout RCC development, histological subtype was re-evaluated in the light of current classification, and a tamarind seed extract (TSE) effect was examined.

Platelet-rich plasma peptides: key for regeneration.

Platelet-derived Growth Factors (GFs) are biologically active peptides that enhance tissue repair mechanisms such as angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling, and cellular effects as stem cells recruitment, chemotaxis, cell proliferation, and differentiation. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is used in a variety of clinical applications, based on the premise that higher GF content should promote better healing. Platelet derivatives represent a promising therapeutic modality, offering opportunities for treatment of wounds, ulcers, soft-tissue injuries, and various other applications in cell therapy.

Hepatoprotective effect of acetonic and methanolic extracts of Heterotheca inuloides against CCl(4)-induced toxicity in rats.

A model of hepatotoxicity by carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) in rats was used in order to evaluate the protective potential of the acetonic and methanolic extracts of Heterotheca inuloides. Pretreatment with the two H. inuloides extracts attenuated the increase in the activity of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) observed in CCl(4)-induced liver injury.

Sulforaphane protects against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.

Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II, CDDP) is a chemotherapeutic agent that induces nephrotoxicity associated with oxidative/nitrosative stress. Sulforaphane (SFN) is an isothiocyanate produced by the enzymatic action of myrosinase on glucorophanin, a glucosinolate contained in cruciferous vegetables. SFN is able to induce cytoprotective enzymes through the transcription factor Nrf2.

Garlic powder ameliorates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress.

cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (cisplatin) is an effective chemotherapeutic agent successfully used in the treatment of a wide range of tumors. Nevertheless, nephrotoxicity has restricted its clinical use. The use of more than a few antioxidants has shown that reactive oxygen species are involved in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.

S-allylcysteine ameliorates ischemia and reperfusion induced renal damage.

The effect of the garlic-derived antioxidant S-allylcysteine (SAC) on renal injury and oxidative stress induced by ischemia and reperfusion (IR) was studied in this work. Rats were anesthetized and subjected to right nephrectomy; 15 min later ischemia was induced for a period of 40 min and then the rats were subjected to a reperfusion period of 6 h after which they were killed to obtain blood and the left kidney. SAC was given at a dose of 100 mg/kg 30 min before nephrectomy, 15 min before ischemia, immediately before reperfusion and 2 h after reperfusion.

PJ34, a poly adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase inhibitor, attenuates chromate-induced nephrotoxicity.

Potassium dichromate (K(2)Cr(2)O(7))-induced nephrotoxicity is associated with oxidative stress. In addition, the activation of the polyadenosine diphosphate-ribose [poly(ADP-ribose)] polymerase-1 (PARP-1) plays a role in the pathophysiology of some diseases associated with oxidative stress. To clarify the potential role of PARP-1 in this experimental model, N-(6-oxo-5,6-dihydro-phenanthridin-2-yl)-N,N-dimethyacetamide HCl (PJ34), a highly specific inhibitor of this enzyme, was used.

Protective effects of apocynin against cisplatin-induced oxidative stress and nephrotoxicity.

Cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (cisplatin) is an effective chemotherapeutic agent successfully used in the treatment of a wide range of tumors; however, nephrotoxicity has restricted its clinical use. Several studies have shown that reactive oxygen species are involved in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, including hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion (O(2)(-)). The source of O(2)(-) in cisplatin-induced renal damage has not been established.

Nordihydroguaiaretic acid attenuates potassium dichromate-induced oxidative stress and nephrotoxicity.

Larrea tridentata also known as Creosote bush, Larrea, chaparral, greasewood or gobernadora has been used in the folk medicine for the treatment of several illnesses. The primary product that is present at high concentrations in the leaves from this plant is nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) which is a powerful antioxidant. On the other hand, potassium dichromate (K(2)Cr(2)O(7))-induced nephrotoxicity is associated with oxidative stress.

Selective iNOS inhibition reduces renal damage induced by cisplatin.

Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of several cancer tumors; however, nephrotoxicity has restricted its use. Reactive oxygen species and peroxynitrite, which is formed by the reaction between superoxide anion and nitric oxide (NO*), are implicated in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. In contrast, both toxic and beneficial effects of NO* have been suggested in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.

Protective effects of garlic powder against potassium dichromate-induced oxidative stress and nephrotoxicity.

Potassium dichromate (K(2)Cr(2)O(7))-induced nephrotoxicity is associated with oxidative stress. In the present work the effect of garlic powder, a recognized antioxidant, on K(2)Cr(2)O(7)-induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress was studied. Rats were fed a 2% garlic powder diet for 1 month.

Time-related changes in constitutive and inducible nitric oxide synthases in the rat striatum in a model of Huntington's disease.

Excitotoxicity and oxidative stress are mechanisms involved in the neuronal cell death induced by the intrastriatal injection of quinolinic acid (QUIN) as a model of Huntington's disease. Production of nitric oxide by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) has been proposed to participate in QUIN-induced neurotoxicity; however, the precise role of NOS in QUIN-induced toxicity still remains controversial. In order to provide further information on the role of NOS isoforms in QUIN toxicity, we performed real time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry of inducible NOS (iNOS), endothelial NOS (eNOS) and neuronal NOS (nNOS) and determined Ca(2+)-dependent and Ca(2+)-independent NOS activity in a temporal course (3-48h), after an intrastriatal injection of QUIN to rats.

Renoprotective and antihypertensive effects of S-allylcysteine in 5/6 nephrectomized rats.

Progressive renal damage and hypertension are associated with oxidative and nitrosative stress. On the other hand, S-allylcysteine (SAC), the most abundant organosulfur compound in aged garlic extract (AG), has antioxidant properties. The effects of SAC and AG on blood pressure, renal damage, and oxidative and nitrosative stress were studied in five-sixths nephrectomized rats treated with SAC (200 mg/kg ip) and AG (1.

Evaluation of oxidative stress in D-serine induced nephrotoxicity.

It has been suggested that oxidative stress is involved in d-serine-induced nephrotoxicity. The purpose of this study was to assess if oxidative stress is involved in this experimental model using several approaches including (a) the determination of several markers of oxidative stress and the activity of some antioxidant enzymes in kidney and (b) the use of compounds with antioxidant or prooxidant effects. Rats were sacrificed at several periods of time (from 3 to 24h) after a single i.

Nordihydroguaiaretic acid is a potent in vitro scavenger of peroxynitrite, singlet oxygen, hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion and hypochlorous acid and prevents in vivo ozone-induced tyrosine nitration in lungs.

The antioxidant nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) has recently become well known as a putative anticancer drug. In this paper, it was evaluated the in vitro peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)), singlet oxygen ((1)O(2)), hydroxyl radical (OH(v)), hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), superoxide anion and hypochlorous acid (HOCl) scavenging capacity of NDGA. It was found that NDGA scavenges: (a) ONOO(-) (IC(50) = 4 +/- 0.

Enhanced oncogenicity of Asian-American human papillomavirus 16 is associated with impaired E2 repression of E6/E7 oncogene transcription.

Asian-American (AA) variants of human papillomavirus 16 (HPV-16) are linked to a high incidence of cervical cancer in Mexico, with some evidence strongly suggesting that they are more oncogenic than European (E) variants, including their association with younger women and their higher associated risk of cervical cancer. Differences in the regulation of viral E6/E7 oncogene transcription by the E2 protein may be involved in the higher oncogenicity of AA variants. In E variants, E6/E7 oncogene transcription is repressed by the E2 protein and is frequently up-regulated by the destruction of the E2 gene during viral integration.