Assessment of the climacteric syndrome: a narrative review.

Purpose: Many menopausal women suffer from a variety of estrogen deficiency-related symptoms and chronic medical conditions. Health care professionals should be able to identify and quantify symptoms to facilitate diagnosis, indicate and monitor treatment. Therefore, various questionnaires have been developed and are used as a simple, time-saving and cost-effective mean to assess and monitor menopausal complaints.

Vitrification of human pronuclear oocytes by direct plunging into cooling agent: Non sterile liquid nitrogen vs. sterile liquid air.

In fact, a full sterilization of commercially-produced liquid nitrogen contaminated with different pathogens is not possible. The aim of this study was to compare the viability of human pronuclear oocytes subjected to cooling by direct submerging of open carrier in liquid nitrogen versus submerging in clean liquid air (aseptic system). One- and three-pronuclei stage embryos (n = 444) were cryopreserved by direct plunging into liquid nitrogen (vitrified) in ethylene glycol (15%), dimethylsulphoxide (15%) and 0.

Symptoms of uterine myomas: data of an epidemiological study in Germany.

Purpose: Currently, no reliable data are available concerning the type and frequency of symptoms in premenopausal women with uterine myomas.

Methods: 2296 women were examined by means of vaginal ultrasound for the presence of myomas in seven gynaecological outpatient departments in Germany. From this population, 1314 premenopausal women between the ages of 30 and 55 years were evaluated to determine the type and frequency of myoma-related symptoms and their relationship to anamnestic factors, and the number, size, and location of the myomas.

Prevalence of uterine myomas in women in Germany: data of an epidemiological study.

Purpose: Currently, no reliable data are available concerning the prevalence of uterine myomas in Germany. In this prospective study, we examined the prevalence of myomas in women older than 30 years by means of vaginal ultrasound.

Methods: 2296 women, who consented to the procedure, were examined by means of vaginal ultrasound for the presence of myomas in seven gynaecological outpatient departments in Germany.

Transplantation of cryopreserved human ovarian tissue: restoration of reproductive function after two cycles of radio- and chemo-therapeutic treatments.

Background: Patient S. was born in 1983, developed a Ewing-Sarcoma and obtained low dose chemotherapy in 1996. In 2007, Patient S.

Viability of human ovarian tissue confirmed 5 years after freezing with spontaneous ice-formation by autografting and chorio-allantoic membrane culture.

To achieve optimal and uniform outcomes, slow cooling protocols for human ovarian tissues generally initiate ice formation at high sub-zero temperatures (-6 to -9 °C). The aim of the study was to investigate the function of ovarian tissue that had unintentionally self seeded at -20 °C during the freezing step, by examining its development following chicken embryonic chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) grafting and after transplantation back to the patient. Ovarian tissue was frozen in 6% (v/v) dimethyl sulfoxide, 6% (v/v) ethylene glycol and 0.

Risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers.

Background: Risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) is often recommended to carriers of deleterious breast cancer gene 1/2 (BRCA1/2) mutations in order to reduce their breast cancer risk by 50% and their ovarian cancer risk by approximately 95%. To evaluate the acceptance, timing, histopathology findings and follow-up results we retrospectively analyzed a cohort of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers who underwent risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomies.

Methods: Between 1996 and 2009, 306 women who tested positive for a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation were counseled for preventive options.

Is there an association between septate uterus and endometriosis?

Background: The question of whether Müllerian anomalies are significantly more often combined with endometriosis is a controversially discussed problem. Some publications described this association in patients with obstructive but not non-obstructive Müllerian anomalies or controls without Müllerian anomalies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of endometriosis in patients with a septate uterus as a non-obstructive form of Müllerian anomalies.

Monozygotic triplets and monozygotic twins after ICSI and transfer of two blastocysts: case report.

There are data regarding the possible influences of extended embryo culture to the blastocyst stage as well as zona pellucida manipulation on the incidence of monozygotic multiples. This is interesting, as one aim of extended culture with embryo selection is to minimize the multiple pregnancy rate. We report, to our knowledge, on the first case of monozygotic twins and monozygotic triplets after ICSI and the transfer of two blastocysts.

Minihysteroscopy as routine diagnostic procedure in women with primary infertility.

Study Objective: To evaluate the importance of routine minihysteroscopy in the diagnosis of primary infertility.

Design: Retrospective study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).

Setting: Endoscopic center at a university hospital.

Effect of soy supplementation on endogenous hormones in postmenopausal women.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of soy supplementation with isoflavones on plasma hormone levels in postmenopausal women.

Methods: 16 postmenopausal women (mean age 56.21 +/- 5.

Glycodelin serum levels in women with ectopic pregnancy.

Objective: Aim of our study was to determine circulating levels of glycodelin for biochemical monitoring of women with vaginal bleeding and/or abdominal pain in early pregnancy. The objective was, using glycodelin as a biochemical parameter, to distinguish between incomplete abortion and ectopic pregnancy in early weeks of gestation.

Study Design: In 169 women with a first trimester pregnancy, a single serum measurement of maternal glycodelin was taken.

Implantation despite an extensive endometrial defect after hysteroscopic resection of symptom-free residual trophoblastic tissue 15 months after cesarean section.

Successful implantation occurred after embryo transfer in the presence of an extensive endometrial defect after hysteroscopic resection of residual trophoblastic tissue 15 months after cesarean section. At the end of hysteroscopic surgery the anterior uterine wall seemed smooth, although ultimately no endometrium was left in that part and in parts of the fundus. Thus implantation is possible even with extensive endometrial defects.

Is it possible to recommend an "optimal" postoperative management after hysteroscopic metroplasty? A retrospective study with 52 infertile patients showing a septate uterus.

Background: The aim of the retrospective study was to evaluate the "optimal" postoperative management after hysteroscopic metroplasty. METHODS. FIFTY-TWO: infertile patients with a septate uterus were included.