Mapping the clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetic units operating in Spanish hospitals.

Objective: The goal of this article is to analyze the situation of  harmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics units in the pharmacy departments of  Spanish hospitals, evaluate their development both in the clinical and educational areas, and draw up a map reflecting their current status.  Method: A 29-item survey structured in five blocks was designed with general questions about the respondents' hospital and the clinical and educational activities carried out by their pharmacy department, in the fields of both pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics.

Results: Sixty-nine  hospitals answered the survey.

A multicentre prospective study evaluating the impact of proton-pump inhibitors omeprazole and pantoprazole on voriconazole plasma concentrations.

Voriconazole is an antifungal metabolised by CYP2C19 enzyme, which can be inhibited by proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs). A prospective observational study was carried out to determine the influence of PPIs on voriconazole pharmacokinetic. The 78 patients included were divided into 4 groups: omeprazole (n = 32), pantoprazole (n = 25), esomeprazole (n = 3) and no PPI (n = 18).

Impact of CYP2C19 Genotype and Drug Interactions on Voriconazole Plasma Concentrations: A Spain Pharmacogenetic-Pharmacokinetic Prospective Multicenter Study.

Background: Voriconazole, a first-line agent for the treatment of invasive fungal infections, is mainly metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19. A significant portion of patients fail to achieve therapeutic voriconazole trough concentrations, with a consequently increased risk of therapeutic failure.

Objective: To show the association between subtherapeutic voriconazole concentrations and factors affecting voriconazole pharmacokinetics: CYP2C19 genotype and drug-drug interactions.

Vancomycin dose optimisation comparing a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model versus the pharmacokinetic model.

Objectives: To compare vancomycin dosage adjustment by evaluating trough concentrations (Ctrough) of vancomycin and its pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) correlation (AUC/MIC ≥400).

Methods: A retrospective study of 52 adult haematological patients and 29 ICU patients was carried out. Dosage adjustment was performed in routine clinical practice with Ctrough​​ and then compared using a PK/PD model.