Pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma: current understanding illustrated through a case.

This article describes a case of a man in his early 40s who was diagnosed with pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma (PPC). PPCs are rare and aggressive forms of lung cancer. Chemotherapy is of limited efficacy.

Outcomes of mechanical thrombectomy in acute stroke patients with atrial fibrillation detected after stroke versus known atrial fibrillation.

We aim to compare the outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation detected after stroke (AFDAS) and their counterparts with known AF (KAF) presenting with large vessel occlusion (LVO) treated with mechanical thrombectomy (MT). This observational, prospective study included consecutive patients with acute LVO ischemic stroke of the anterior circulation with AFDAS, KAF and without AF. The primary study outcome was functional independence at 90 days after stroke.

Safety and outcomes of different endovascular treatment techniques for anterior circulation ischaemic stroke in the elderly: data from the Imperial College Thrombectomy Registry.

Background: Although previous studies investigated the main predictors of outcomes after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in patients aged 80 years and older, less is known about the impact of the procedural features on outcomes in elderly patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of EVT technical procedures on the main 3-month outcomes in a population of patients aged 80 years and older.

Methods: This observational, prospective, single-centre study included consecutive patients with acute LVO ischaemic stroke of the anterior circulation.

Size and Shape Matter: Cell Viability of Preloaded Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty Grafts in Three Different Carriers.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine endothelial cell loss (ECL) associated with preloaded Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) grafts loaded into 3 carriers of different size and shape.

Methods: Thirty-six donor corneas were prepared for DSAEK and loaded into an EndoGlide Ultrathin (control) (2.0 mm × 3.

Recurrent Granulosa Cell Tumor in a Postmenopausal Woman: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Ovarian cancer is among the most common types of cancer suffered by the female population. As of United States Cancer Statistics (USCS) 2019, the National Cancer Institute reports the prevalence of ovarian cancer as 11.4 cases per every 100,000 each year.

Outcomes of mechanical thrombectomy in orally anticoagulated patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion: a propensity-matched analysis of the Imperial College Thrombectomy Registry.

Background: Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) remains an effective treatment for patients with acute ischemic stroke receiving oral anticoagulation (OAC) and large vessel occlusion (LVO). However, to date, it remains unclear whether MT is safe in patients on treatment with OAC.

Aims: In our study, we performed a propensity-matched analysis to investigate the safety and efficacy of MT in patients with acute ischemic stroke receiving anticoagulants.

Renal Amyloid-Associated (AA) Amyloidosis in a Sickle Cell Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Renal amyloid-associated (AA) amyloidosis is a rare occurrence in sickle cell disease (SCD). Very little literature is available on renal AA amyloidosis in sickle cell disease. Nephrotic range proteinuria is associated with higher mortality among patients with SCD.

Cardiac Symptoms During the Russia-Ukraine War: A Google Trends Analysis.

Background The 2022 Ukraine-Russian War has led to significant anxiety, anguish, and trauma among the people in Ukraine. The objective of this study was to analyze the Google Trend results of common cardiac symptoms in Ukraine, Russia, and worldwide in 2022 and compare that to 2021 with the hypothesis that common cardiac symptoms in the war-affected regions would be higher compared to the rest of the world. We hypothesize that the search trends of cardiac symptoms would increase in Ukraine given the turmoil caused by the Russian invasion.

Endovascular Thrombectomy with or without Intravenous Thrombolysis for Anterior Circulation Large Vessel Occlusion in the Imperial College London Thrombectomy Registry.

Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is the standard of care for eligible patients with a large vessel occlusion (LVO) acute ischemic stroke. Among patients undergoing MT there has been uncertainty regarding the role of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and previous trials have yielded conflicting results regarding clinical outcomes. We aim to investigate clinical, reperfusion outcomes and safety of MT with or without IVT for ischemic stroke due to anterior circulation LVO.

Persistent Hypokalemia in a Patient With Ogilvie's Syndrome.

Ogilvie's syndrome, also known as acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO), is a rare disease characterized by acute dilatation of the colon in the absence of anatomic intestinal obstruction. It is of clinical importance because of its preponderance in elderly males in the seventh decade of life who may present with constipation or diarrhea. We present an 80-year-old male who presented with diarrhea, with laboratory investigations showing hypokalemia and a CT abdomen revealing colonic distension.

Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy.

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), formerly called arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/ARVC), is a myocardial structural abnormality disease with clinical presentation of cardiac arrhythmia. It is characterized by the replacement of the myocardium with fibrofatty tissue. We present a case of a young male who met two major criteria for definite diagnosis of ARVC: early transition inverted t waves in lead V1-V4 and MRI showed right ventricle (RV) dyskinesia with RV ejection fraction (EF) < 40%, both satisfying the two major criteria of EKG and MRI required for definitive diagnosis.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 Associated Acute Myocardial Infarction and Atrial Fibrillation: A Case Report.

In the last two years since the inception of the Coronavirus pandemic, there have been a myriad of reports and studies related to Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We present a unique case of COVID-19 associated with both acute myocardial infarction and new-onset atrial fibrillation (AFIB) in an elderly lady which is the first reported case to the best of our knowledge. The patient was symptomatic with acute COVID-19 and developed a type 2 myocardial infarction with new-onset AFIB.

Warfarin Failure in a Patient With Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a form of pulmonary hypertension caused by chronic venous thromboembolism (VTE). Venous thromboembolism (VTE) manifests as deep vein thrombosis (DVT), progressing to pulmonary embolism (PE). Pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) is the preferred therapeutic option as it provides vascular disobliteration.

Painless Subacute Thyroiditis in a Patient With Acute COVID-19 Infection: A Transient Event.

Coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although several articles have described the non-respiratory effects of COVID-19 in the past two years, there are few reports of COVID-19 associated with thyroiditis. We present a case of a middle-aged female patient with positive COVID-19 PCR associated with acute pulmonary embolism and thyroiditis.

Hypocalcemia Induced Bronchospasm.

Bronchospasm is acute narrowing of the airways of lungs, which gives rise to wheezing and shortness of breath. Commonly seen in obstructive lung disease, but a rare finding in patients with hypocalcemia. This is a case that outlines a rare presentation of hypocalcemia induced bronchospasm in a patient with no known history of asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Subclinical Hypothyroidism Presenting as Myxedema Coma: Case Report and Literature Review.

Myxedema coma is a medical emergency with a high mortality rate. Patients with hypothyroidism may develop myxedema coma if left untreated, although quite rare nowadays owing to regular TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) monitoring. We present the case of a patient with a known history of subclinical hypothyroidism, defined by normal free T4 (thyroxine) and high TSH, who was found to be in myxedema coma.

A Case of Bilateral Hemorrhagic Pleural Effusion Due to Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in a Dialysis Patient.

Etiologies of hemorrhagic pleural effusions (hemithoraces) are multifactorial. They can be traumatic, non-traumatic, or idiopathic in nature. In this report, we present a rare case of a 64-year-old male with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on chronic hemodialysis and dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), due to a recent history of coronary arterial stent placement, who presented with progressive shortness of breath for one month.

Cocaine and Opioid-Induced Acute Liver Injury: A Rare Case Report.

Drug overdose has been a public health burden in the United States. Repeated use of cocaine and heroin may increase the risk of severe acute liver failure. We present the case of a middle-aged man with no significant past medical condition except a chronic history of drug abuse who presented to our hospital after an overdose of cocaine and heroin.

Voriconazole-Induced Acute Liver Injury: A Case Report.

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is the most common cause of acute liver failure in the United States. Clinical presentation of drug-induced liver injury may vary from asymptomatic or subtle symptoms to encephalopathy with serious morbidity. Early discontinuation of the offending agent is important to prevent clinical deterioration.

Ketamine infusion as a sedative-analgesic in severe ARDS (KISS).

Rationale: Ketamine has been used as a sedative analgesic in trauma setting, but data regarding its efficacy and safety is lacking in severe ARDS. This retrospective study aims to determine if Ketamine is safer as a sedative agent in mechanically ventilated patients. During the COVID pandemic, as there was a shortage of sedative agents, Ketamine was used.

A Rare Case of Intrapulmonary Sequestration With Multiple Feeding Arteries and an Anomalous Pulmonary Vein Draining Into the Azygos Vein.

Pulmonary sequestration is an isolated mass of lung tissue that has no identifiable bronchial communication and that receives its blood supply from one or more anomalous systemic arteries. The feeding vessel is the aorta or its major vessels and venous drainage usually is to the pulmonary veins to the left atrium. We present a rare case of intralobar sequestration in a 65-year-old man with multiple feeding arteries from the aorta and partial anomalous venous return draining into the azygos vein.

Clinical and Radiological Dissociation in Massive Barium Aspiration.

Barium studies are commonly used to rule out gastrointestinal (GI) pathologies and sometimes they are associated with complications such as barium aspiration with heterogeneity in clinical features ranging from mild to severe symptoms. We present a case of large volume barium aspiration in a 73-year-old male with past medical history of dysphagia diagnosed with diffuse esophageal spasm. Barium is an inert material commonly used for GI tract study.

Risk of developing active tuberculosis following tuberculosis screening and preventive therapy for Tibetan refugee children and adolescents in India: An impact assessment.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) rates among Tibetan refugee children and adolescents attending boarding schools in India are extremely high. We undertook a comprehensive case finding and TB preventive treatment (TPT) program in 7 schools in the Zero TB Kids project. We aimed to measure the TB infection and disease burden and investigate the risk of TB disease in children and adults who did and did not receive TPT in the schools.

Ink Retention and Endothelial Cell Viability After the Application of an Orientation Stamp Over an Air Bubble During Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Graft Preparation.

Purpose: To investigate stamp visibility and endothelial cell loss (ECL) after the application of an orientation mark to Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) grafts supported by an air bubble.

Methods: Eighteen DMEK grafts were prepared at an eye bank using a technique where an orientation mark was applied to the stromal surface of a DMEK graft that was supported by a small air bubble placed at the edge of the 2 endothelial surfaces of the graft. Grafts were evaluated at 2 and 5 days for stamp visibility and at 5 days with calcein-AM staining for ECL.