Blast syndrome - pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of blast injuries.

The incidence of explosions in large agglomerations is high even during peacetime and continues rising. Blast syndrome injuries are complex, with shock wave causing severe injuries of multiple organ systems. In situations with large numbers of injured persons, effective triage allows an early diagnosis and treatment of the highest number of victims.

Regenerative abilities of a nanofiber wound dressing based on polylactide.

Introduction: The development of an ideal dressing for wound healing remains an unresolved issue. Thanks to the development of electrospinning technology, polymers in the form of nanofibers have come to the forefront of research interest. A modern and very promising dressing material is a “nonwoven” based on nanofibers of the synthetic polymer polylactide (PLA).

Penetrating abdominal trauma - selected case reports.

We present 3 case-reports with penetrating abdominal injury from our practice in this article. An urgent laparotomy was performed in all cases because of haemodynamic instability or the mechanism of injury. Penetrative abdominal traumas are associated with a high risk of life-threatening intra-abdominal injuries, require urgent revision and are often accompanied by postoperative infections of the peritoneal cavity.

Posttraumatic intercostal pulmonary herniation - case report.

Introduction: Pulmonary hernias are rare conditions, most are the results of an injury or previous thoracic surgery.

Case Report: We present a case of a 48-year-old woman injured in a car accident. The examination in the trauma centre revealed a chest injury with herniation of the lung parenchyma into the chest wall and fractures of long bones of lower limbs.

Negative pressure wound therapy updates for 2021.

Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has been used in clinical practice for 25 years. Worldwide, it has been used to treat more than 10 million wounds. The repertoire of NPWT procedures is still growing.

Stenting to prevent esophageal stricture after circumferential endoscopic submucosal dissection: an experimental study.

Circular ESD (CESD) is a treatment option for patients with extensive early esophageal cancer. Its major drawback is the development of a stricture. Stenting may represent an attractive prevention strategy.

Increasing incidence of tuberculosis diagnosed by surgery: a single centre analysis in low-incidence country.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of thoracic tuberculosis (TB) in patients who underwent surgery for indeterminate lung nodules, mass and pleural effusions.

Methods: A monocentric retrospective study was carried out from 2012 to 2018 in a high-volume thoracic surgery centre. All patients with finding of thoracic TB within surgery and/or confirmed post-surgery were studied.

Two types of autologous cells in stricture development prevention after complete circular endoscopic dissection in minipig.

Introduction: Complete circular endoscopic dissection (CED) is frequently accompanied with post-operative strictures formation in the esophagus. Various types of therapeutic approaches have recently been tested to prevent these strictures, e.g.

Autologous transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells into the portal vein of the miniature pig; a preliminary experiment for NOTES approach.

Introduction: There is evidence that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could trans-differentiate into the liver cells in vitro and in vivo and thus may be used as an unfailing source for stem cell therapy of liver disease. Combination of MSCs (with or without their differentiation in vitro) and minimally invasive procedures as laparoscopy or Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES) represents a chance for many patients waiting for liver transplantation in vain.

Methods: Over 30 millions of autologous MSCs at passage 3 were transplanted via the portal vein in an eight months old miniature pig.

Early surgical management in patients with burns.

Burns can be life threatening injuries with a significant risk of lifelong consequences. Severity of thermal injury is assessed using the combination of six essential factors (mechanism of injury, presence of inhalation trauma, extent of the burn area, depth of the burn, its location, patients age and co-morbidities) which also represent the determinants of referral to one of the three specialized burn centers in the Czech Republic. Early management consists of ABC Trauma Life Support (adequate oxygenation and ventilation, a venous access, parenteral fluid administration), pain relief, and sterile covering of the burn areas.

Prevention of esophageal strictures after circumferential endoscopic submucosal dissection.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection or widespread endoscopic resection allow the radical removal of circumferential or near-circumferential neoplastic esophageal lesions. The advantage of these endoscopic methods is mini-invasivity and low risk of major adverse events compared to traditional esophagectomy. The major drawback of these extensive resections is the development of stricture - the risk is 70-80% if more than 75% of the circumference is removed and almost 100% if the whole circumference is removed.

Fixation of biomaterial to metallic stent and fixation of stents after circular endoscopic dissection in the esophagus on an animal model.

Introduction: Complete circular endoscopic (submucosal) resection (CER) performed using the endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) technique is burdened with a high incidence of post-operative strictures in the esophagus. The most effective method of preventing them is not known so far; one of the possible methods is to prevent these strictures directly at the site of their formation by covering the defect with a stent. The aim of the study was to find a way to fix a selected biomaterial to a stent, and subsequently, to fix the stent at the CER site to prevent esophageal strictures in an animal model.

Erratum to: Per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM): mid-term efficacy and safety.

The Given Names and Family Names were all inadvertently inverted. The correct order is: Jan Martinek, Hana Svecova, Zuzana Vackova, Radek Dolezel, Ondrej Ngo, Jana Krajciova, Eva Kieslichova, Radim Janousek, Alexander Pazdro, Tomas Harustiak, Lucie Zdrhova, Pavla Loudova, Petr Stirand, Julius Spicak. The original article was corrected.

Per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM): mid-term efficacy and safety.

Background And Aims: Per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is becoming a standard treatment for achalasia. Long-term efficacy and the rate of post-POEM reflux should be further investigated. The main aim of this study was to analyze safety and mid-term (12 and 24 months) clinical outcomes of POEM.

Impact of acute metabolic acidosis on the acid-base balance in follicular fluid and blood in dairy cattle.

Acid-base balance is one of the most vigorously regulated variables of the body, including genital organs. Subacute ruminal acidosis is a common disturbance in dairy cows that disturbs several biochemical indices in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine. The possible negative effects of metabolic acidosis on the follicular fluid (FF) composition and, subsequently, on oocyte quality, are not fully elucidated.

A comparison of two endoscopic closures: over-the-scope clip (OTSC) versus KING closure (endoloop + clips) in a randomized long-term experimental study.

Background: Both over-the-scope clip (OTSC) and KING (endoloop + clips) closures provide reliable and safe full-thickness endoscopic closure. Nevertheless, OTSC clip demonstrated significantly inferior histological healing in the short-term follow-up.

Aim: To compare OTSC versus KING closure of a perforation with regard to long-term effectiveness and macroscopic and histological quality of healing.

A new experimental model of calculous cholecystitis suitable for the evaluation and training of minimally invasive approaches to cholecystectomy.

Background: Novel, less invasive approaches such as single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy or natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery require preclinical evaluation and training. Therefore, there is a need for an experimental model closely mimicking the clinical situation. The aim of our study was to create an experimental model of calculous cholecystitis in a large laboratory animal and test its feasibility for the evaluation of different techniques of cholecystectomy.

Clinical relevance and surgical anatomy of non-recurrent laryngeal nerve: 7 year experience.

Purpose: We report our clinical experience with non-recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve (NRLN).

Methods: We collected our data retrospectively during 7 years. Total thyroidectomies (TTEs; N = 626) and hemithyroidectomies (HTEs; N = 187) were performed in 766 patients (80.

Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy without over-sewing of the staple line is effective and safe.

Introduction: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is a bariatric procedure with very good long-term weight-reducing and metabolic effects.

Aim: Here we report 6 years' experience with LSG performed in morbidly obese patients by one surgical team focusing on the impact of the degree of sleeve restriction and safety of the procedure without over-sewing the staple line.

Material And Methods: From 2006 to 2012, 207 morbid obese patients with average age of 43.

Single loop-and-clips technique (KING closure) for gastrotomy closure after transgastric ovariectomy: a survival experiment.

Introduction: A safe closure technique of transluminal access is essential for the widespread application of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES).

Aim: To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of a novel single loop-and-clips closure technique (KING closure).

Material And Methods: An experimental survival study using female laboratory pigs was performed.

Comparing over-the-scope clip versus endoloop and clips (KING closure) for access site closure: a randomized experimental study.

Background: A safe technique is essential for successful access site closure in Natural Orifice Translumenal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES) and for closures of iatrogenic perforations.

Aim: To compare an over-the-scope clip (OTSC) versus an endoloop + endoclips closure technique (KING closure).

Methods: 40 minipigs underwent NOTES peritoneoscopy with liver biopsy.

Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery vs laparoscopic ovariectomy: complications and inflammatory response.

Aim: To compare natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) vs standard laparoscopic ovariectomy in mini pigs with respect to technical aspects, complications and parameters of systemic inflammatory response.

Methods: This was a randomized, experimental, survival study. Ten female mini pigs underwent NOTES transgastric ovariectomy (NOTES group) and ten female mini pigs underwent laparoscopic ovariectomy (LAP group).

[Transrectal hybrid NOTES versus laparoscopic cholecystectomy--a randomized prospective study in a large laboratory animal].

Introduction: NOTES (Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery) technique was developed to achieve less invasive surgery with the aim to lower frequency of postoperative complications. Cholecystectomy is one of the most frequent elective surgical procedures and is relevant for evaluation of NOTES. The aim of the experimental study was to compare hybrid transrectal and laparoscopic cholecystectomy regarding feasibility and inflammatory response.

[Minimal node affection in gastric carcinoma--pilote multicentric study results].

Introduction: Lymphadenectomy is an essential part of surgical treatment of gastric cancer. In the part of hematoxylin-eosin negative nodes, small foci of tumour cells (micrometastastasis and isolated tumour cells) can be found using immunostaing or RT-PCR. The aim of this study is to asses clinical and prognostic relevance of these findings.

Transcriptomic analysis of in vivo and in vitro produced bovine embryos revealed a developmental change in cullin 1 expression during maternal-to-embryonic transition.

Pre-implantation embryos derived by in vitro fertilization differ in their developmental potential from embryos obtained in vivo. In order to characterize changes in gene expression profiles caused by in vitro culture environment, we employed microarray constructed from bovine oocyte and preimplantation embryo-specific cDNAs (BlueChip, Université Laval, Québec). The analysis revealed changes in the level of 134 transcripts between in vitro derived (cultured in COOK BVC/BVB media) and in vivo derived 4-cell stage embryos and 97 transcripts were differentially expressed between 8-cell stage in vitro and in vivo embryos.