Wrist denervation of the posterior interosseous nerve through a volar approach: a new technique with anatomical considerations.

Purpose: Full or selective wrist denervation is an effective treatment for chronic wrist pain. In this cadaveric study, a volar approach for prophylactic denervation of the posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) and the anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) was assessed, which can simultaneously be performed during volar approaches for distal radius fracture fixation or in combination with metalwork removal.

Materials And Methods: In total 40 adult upper limbs, embalmed using Thiel's method, were investigated.

Sensory nerve supply of the distal radio-ulnar joint with regard to wrist denervation.

The objective of this study was to determine the precise departure points of the articular branches innervating the distal radio-ulnar joint from the anterior and posterior interosseous nerves. The study sample consisted of 116 upper limbs from adult human cadavers. The articular branches were prepared under the dissection microscope to take measurements using the radial styloid process as point of reference.

Minimally invasive approach to the radial nerve--A new technique.

Purpose: To describe a minimally invasive approach to find the radial nerve (RN) simply and safely by tracing the posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve (PACN) without damaging muscles, using only the surgeon's hand to define a window for the skin incision.

Background: Although it is absolutely necessary to locate the radial nerve during osteosynthesis of the humerus, the literature lacks guidelines on how to do so.

Methods: We have dissected the upper extremities of 54 adult human cadavers, embalmed using Thiel's method.

A simple and gentle technique for reduction after anterior shoulder dislocation.

Background: Anterior shoulder dislocation (ASD) is a common sports injury. The goal of this study was to evaluate a new procedure for reduction after ASD with respect to success rate, the need for medication for muscle relaxation, sedation, and application of pain medication and put it into context to a systematic literature review.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the new method in 263 patients in an Austrian skiing area from December 2005 till April 2009.

Anatomical investigation of a new vertical obturator nerve block technique.

Background: We evaluated a vertical obturator nerve block (VOB) using a single morphological landmark and no additional distance measurement or obligatory changes of the needle's direction.

Materials And Method: A total of 88 cadavers (176 lower limbs), prepared using Thiel's embalming method, were examined. The index finger was placed lateral to the palpable pubic tubercle and the needle inserted laterally to the distal part of the fingernail at the tubercle's level and advanced strictly perpendicular to the table's surface.

Incidental finding of a splenic hamartoma with tumour-like extramedullary erythropoiesis.

Hamartomas of the spleen are rare benign tumour-like lesions that tend to be asymptomatic incidental findings. Splenic hamartomas with tumour-like extramedullary erythropoiesis are extremely rare. A 70-year-old male patient with dyspnoea and a nodular intrapulmonary lesion morphologically verified by CT underwent fibre bronchoscopy, which showed a pea-shaped foreign body that was retrieved without complication.

Conformational properties of a polyglycine chain with secondary and tertiary structures of lysozyme.

Unperturbed dimension mean value of r2(0), dipole moment mean value of mu2, mean squared optical anisotropy mean value of gamma 2 and molar Kerr mean value of mK constant of a polyglycine chain with the secondary and tertiary structures of lysozyme have been calculated and the results compared with polyglycine chains with the same number of repeat units but different conformations including alpha-helix, beta-sheet or random coil. Thus, the influence of secondary and tertiary structures can be investigated. The results obtained show that for mean value of r2 and mean value of gamma 2 this influence is at least of the same order of magnitude as that of the primary structure, and is much greater for mean value of mu 2 and mean value of mK.

Dependence of some conformational properties of polyglycine on composition and sequence of secondary structure.

The values of four conformational properties, unperturbed dimensions 0, dipole moment , mean squared optical anisotropy and molar Kerr constant have been calculated for polyglycine chains of x = 100 repeat units with varying composition of alpha-helix, beta-sheet and random coil conformations. The influence of the conformational sequence on these properties has been investigated by calculating the four above-mentioned properties together with the end-to-end vector for several polyglycine oligomers.

Influence of secondary structure of polyglycine on some conformational properties.

Values of four conformational properties, namely unperturbed dimension [r2]0, dipole moment [mu 2], mean squared optical anisotropy [gamma 2], and molar Kerr constant [mK], have been calculated for polyglycine chains allowing several combinations of the secondary structure with the aim of studying the dependence of these magnitudes on the secondary structure of the chain. Two different approaches to the secondary structure have been used. In the first, chains with all their units in a given conformation (random coil, alpha-helix or beta-sheet) are interrupted at several positions by one unit in a different conformation.