Cardiac Rhabdoid Tumor-A Rare Foe-Case Report and Literature Review.

Intracardiac masses are unusual findings in infants, and most of them are benign. Nevertheless, they may be associated with a significant degree of hemodynamic instability and/or arrhythmias. Malignant tumors of the heart rarely occur in children.

Endocardial fibroelastosis and dilated cardiomyopathy - the past and future of the interface between histology and genetics.

Endocardial fibroelastosis (EFE) signifies the pathological process by which collagen and elastin are focally or diffuse deposited in the endocardium of the left ventricle. The new layer causes left ventricular dysfunction sometimes with fulminant progression to heart failure. EFE is a major component in many congenital heart abnormalities but can also occur in the absence of heart malformations, either as a primary process or in response to cardiac injury.

Update in pediatric primary brain tumors - from histology to genetically defined tumors.

In childhood and in adolescence, primary tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) are the second most common malignancy after leukemia. The most common entities are gliomas, craniopharyngiomas and embryonal tumors, including primitive neuroectodermal tumors of the CNS, such as medulloblastoma. Proper management of malignancies requires a histological diagnosis, especially in childhood, since diagnostic errors have a significant negative influence on the treatment and subsequently on the patient's care.

Longer survival of a patient with glioblastoma resected with 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-guided surgery and foreign body reaction to polyglycolic acid (PGA) suture.

In recent years, there is a growing evidence that using 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-guided resection of a cerebral glioblastoma, associated with chemoradiotherapy determine a prolonged survival of these patients, even though this period do not exceed 15 months. 5-ALA is a natural biochemical precursor of heme that is metabolized to fluorescent porphyrins, particularly protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) and no foreign reaction were noted until now. However, foreign body reaction developing in neurosurgery is documented in a few number of cases to suture material, surgical hemostatic material, or surgical glove starch, but up to now we could not find any article about granulomatous inflammation to polyglycolic acid (PGA) suture after brain tumor resection.

Mesenteric panniculitis, a rare cause of acute surgical abdomen in children. Case report and literature review.

Mesenteric panniculitis appears as a less known benign condition due to its infrequency and not fully elucidated etiology; currently, less than 20 cases in children have been reported. It is characterized by a fibrotic and inflammatory transformation of the mesentery fat of the small intestine and, less commonly, of the colon. The 8-year-old patient whose case we report presented in our Service complaining of acute digestive symptoms.

A histopathological diagnosis of mesenteric cystic lymphangioma, clinically misdiagnosed as simple mesenteric cyst - case report.

Abdominal cystic lymphangiomas are relatively rare congenital malformations, predominantly found in the pediatric age group. They are usually found in the head and neck of affected children. Lymphangioma of the small-bowel mesentery is rare, having been reported for less than 1% of all lymphangiomas.

Borderline ovarian cyst treated by laparoscopic surgery: clinical case report and literature review.

Borderline ovarian serous tumors are a rare distinct category of epithelial ovarian tumors, distinguished from both benign and invasive ovarian tumors. As borderline ovarian cysts are only a small part of the gynecological conditions of children, the therapeutic approach to this special type of tumor has not been standardized yet. Despite the technological breakthroughs that we have witnessed lately, the positive diagnosis of ovarian tumors is possible only by surgery and histopathological examination, and laparoscopic surgery has become the golden standard in the management of this condition.

Heterotopic Gastric Mucosa in the Distal Part of Esophagus in a Teenager: Case Report.

Heterotopic gastric mucosa (HGM) of the esophagus is a congenital anomaly consisting of ectopic gastric mucosa. It may be connected with disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract, exacerbated by Helicobacter pylori. The diagnosis of HGM is confirmed via endoscopy with biopsy.

Ectopic jejunal pancreas and congenital duodenal stenosis in a newborn patient: an unusual association.

Congenital duodenal stenosis is one of the most common causes of neonatal obstruction, which is frequently associated with annular pancreas and Down syndrome. Ectopic pancreas is defined as an abnormally situated pancreatic mass that lacks contact with normal pancreas. Although the association between duodenal stenosis and annular pancreas is very common, the presence of an ectopic island of pancreas in such cases is very rare.

Primary ciliary dyskinesia diagnosed by electron microscopy in one case of Kartagener syndrome.

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is associated with abnormalities in the structure of a function of motile cilia, causing impairment of muco-ciliary clearence, with bacterial overinfection of the upper and lower respiratory tract (chronic oto-sino-pulmonary disease), heterotaxia (situs abnormalities), with/without congenital heart disease, abnormal sperm motility with male infertility, higher frequency of ectopic pregnancy and female subfertility. The presence of recurrent respiratory tract infections in the pediatric age requires differentiation between primary immunodeficiency, diseases with abnormal mucus (e.g.

Childhood rhabdomyosarcoma. Anatomo-clinical and therapeutic study on 25 cases. Surgical implications.

Unlabelled: Rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS) are the most frequent soft tissue sarcomas of childhood. Despite advances in knowledge about biological pathways of tumorigenesis, risk stratification and multimodal treatment, the immediate and long-term prognosis of these lesions in many countries with limited resources is still poor.

Patients And Methods: Twenty-five histologically confirmed pediatric RMS were recorded during the period of study.

Basal cell carcinomas in elderly patients treated by cryotherapy.

Basal cell carcinoma is a malignant skin tumor with high incidence in our country, especially in rural areas, on sun-exposed skin (particularly on the face) in elderly patients. We present three cases of basal cell carcinoma with good results with cryotherapy. This report aims to outline and to prove that in some difficult situations, a simple, inexpensive, easy-to-perform procedure with no contraindications and with minimal side effects (erythema, mild pain) can be applied and resolve such cases.

Indications and limitations of histopathological skin investigation of Henoch-Schönlein purpura in children.

Unlabelled: Henoch-Schönlein purpura, the most common primary vasculitis of the child, may cause, in some cases with atypical clinical picture, diagnostic difficulties with a significant prognosis impact, especially when occasionally "silent" renal symptoms coexist. The purpose of our study is, on one hand, to determine the histopathological investigation needs of Henoch-Schönlein purpura in children with atypical cutaneous manifestations or incomplete forms of illness and, on the other hand, to point out the correlation between the cutaneous histopathological aspects and other clinical and biological manifestations.

Results: Optical microscopy revealed signs of leukocytoclastic vasculitis in 11 of the 22 cases with ulcerative necrotic purpura and atypical clinical picture.

[Henoch-Schonlein nephritis: diagnosis and prognosis problems in childhood].

Unlabelled: Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) is the most common vasculitis in childhood and is characterized by sistemic leukocytoclastic angiitis, mainly affecting small vessels of the skin, joints, gastro-intestinal tract and kidneys. Renal involvement is the most important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with HSP. The aim of this study was to evaluate renal involvement in children with HPS and the prognoses of short- and long-term outcome of patients diagnosed with HS nephritis.

[Epidemiological data on shock in forensic medicine].

Unlabelled: The shock is a relative frequent diagnostic in forensic medicine.

Material And Method: We realized a statistical study, using 323 deaths through diverse shock typology, registered within the Forensic Medicine Institute of Iaşi in 2000-2009. The concerned variables were: the spread of cases on years, the clinical forms, age, sex, provenience environment, volemic feature, the survival time from the shock to the death, the spread of complications on the form of the shock and survival, the juridical way of death.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in the lung in toxic septic shock.

Introduction: The need for reasoning with medical evidence the different types of shock, especially when there are medical and legal implications, has determined the search of biological markers of the shock. In the case of toxic septic shock, the most important markers to be used are: the cytokines, the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), procalcitonin, lactoferin and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). VEGF has an essential role in angiogenesis and vascular permeability.

[Posterior fossa meningiomas--topographic and anatomopathologic aspects].

Unlabelled: Meningiomas are the most frequent met intracranial tumors. Many authors tried to order them according to location, origin and histopathologic type.

Material And Method: Our study is focused on posterior fosa meningiomas, initially classified according to their origin based on IRM and surgical findings in order to identify correlations between demographic data, topographic tumor origin and anatomopathologic characteristics for each subgroup.

[Children's Langerhans cell histiocytosis, diagnostic problems].

Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a group of idiopathic disorders characterized by the proliferation of cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system and the dendritic cell system. From the clinical point of view there are 3 forms of histiocytosis encountered in child pathology: acute, disseminated called Abt-Letterer-Siwe (it usually affects children under 2 years of age), eosinophilic granuloma and the intermediate clinical form called Hand-Schuller-Christian disease. We present the case of a premature born child that had, even from the day she was born, a rash disseminated on the entire surface of the body associated with enlarged lymph nodes, hepatosplenomegaly and thrombocytopenia.

Treatment with Cyclophosphamide for steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children.

The management of patients with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome remains difficult. We repport our experience with Cyclophosphamide therapy, in an attempt to compare the results between an oral protocol and two i.v.

Nephrotic syndrome from the genetic point of view.

Nephrotic syndrome, an entity described at the beginning of the 20th century, has still an unclear pathophysiology, genetic and immunologic factors being incriminated. Here we report three cases of nephrotic syndrome with genetic involvement. The article presented tremendous progress that have been made over the past few years in enhancing our understanding of the slit-diaphragm and podocyte biology and genetics involvement in nephrotic syndrome.

[Helicobacter pylori infection in children with celiac disease].

Unlabelled: The purpose of this study is to evaluate symptomatology, endoscopic and histopathologic changes of Helicobacter pylori infection and gastritis lesions without Helicobacter pylori infection on children diagnosed with celiac disease.

Material And Method: 15 children under gluten-free diet were selected and, because of the recurrence of the dyspeptic syndrome, an upper digestive endoscopy associated with histopathologic exam was performed. Considering the histopathologic result we made two groups: first group (8 children with celiac disease and Helicobacter pylori infection) and second group (7 children with celiac disease without Helicobacter pylori infection, but associated with gastritis lesions).

Immunoproliferative small intestinal disease versus colonic monoblastic sarcoma in a 2-year-old boy.

The authors present a case of colonic monoblastic sarcoma, previously treated for other digestive abnormalities (malabsorbtion, Hirschprung's disease). Important similitudes with immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID) lymphoma were demonstrated for this patient (male, 2-year-old). His main admission complaints were failure to thrive, recurrent episodes of enterocolitis and malabsorbtion syndrome.

Histological heterogeneity of Ewing's sarcoma/PNET: an immunohistochemical analysis of 415 genetically confirmed cases with clinical support.

Ewing's sarcoma (ES)/peripheral neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) are malignant neoplasms affecting children and young adults. We performed a study to typify the histological diversity and evaluate antibodies that may offer diagnostic/prognostic support. In total, 415 cases of genetically confirmed paraffin-embedded ES/PNET were analyzed on whole sections and in tissue microarrays.

[Myocardial infarction in children. Case report].

Myocardial infarction is a rare condition in children. We present the case of a 14-year-old girl with known cardiac abnormalities admitted to our pediatric cardiology department with cough, cyanosis, low level of consciousness, and difficult breathing. Two days after her admission, she developed severe thoracic pain associated with tachycardia and agitation.