Diabetes Distress Among the Roma Population From a Tertiary Care Center in Romania.

Background Distress in patients with diabetes is a condition that has received significant attention in recent years; however, data regarding the psychological assessment and the impact of the emotional burden of diabetes among the Roma population are still scarce in the medical literature. Material and methods We conducted an observational, transversal study that included 310 adult patients with diabetes mellitus, aged between 18 and 85 years old, of which the majority (61%) were women; patients were selected from a tertiary hospital providing diabetes care; diabetes distress was evaluated using a standardized questionnaire, the diabetes distress scale (DDS), validated on Romanian patients. Results In the study population, a great proportion of patients showed diabetes distress, with 24.

A Systematic Review of Semaglutide's Influence on Cognitive Function in Preclinical Animal Models and Cell-Line Studies.

Since we aim to test new options to find medication for cognitive disorders, we have begun to assess the effect of semaglutide and to conduct a review gathering studies that have attempted this purpose. This systematic review focuses on the cognitive effects of semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA), in the context of neurological and cognitive impairment. Semaglutide, a synthetic GLP-1 analog, showcased neuroprotective effects beyond metabolic regulation.

Changes in C-Peptide Values in Children with Type 1 Diabetes - a Three-Year Study.

C-peptide is used as an important indicator of residual insulin secretion in patients diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and treated with insulin. We have aimed to monitor the serum C-peptide (CP) levels during the first three years after diagnosis of T1DM in a cohort of children admitted to the Diabetes Department of "M. S.

Incidence of Lower Extremity Amputation in Romania: A Nationwide 5-Year Cohort Study, 2015-2019.

The primary objective of this study was to investigate the incidence of lower extremity amputations (LEAs) in a representative population from Romania, in both diabetic and non-diabetic adults, including trauma-related amputations. The secondary objective was to evaluate the trends in LEAs and the overall ratio of major-to-minor amputations. The study was retrospective and included data from the Romanian National Hospital Discharge Records, conducted between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2019.

PI3K/AKT/mTOR Dysregulation and Reprogramming Metabolic Pathways in Renal Cancer: Crosstalk with the VHL/HIF Axis.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents 85-95% of kidney cancers and is the most frequent type of renal cancer in adult patients. It accounts for 3% of all cancer cases and is in 7th place among the most frequent histological types of cancer. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), accounts for 75% of RCCs and has the most kidney cancer-related deaths.

The Safety Profile of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors and Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists in the Standard of Care Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Aim: We evaluated the safety of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) for their use with other glucose-lowering drugs and drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), in a standard-of-care regimen with maximum tolerated doses, and, respectively, when compared with metformin.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, observational study on 405 patients that were seen in the outpatient clinic of the N Paulescu National Institute for Diabetes Mellitus, Bucharest, Romania, in 2019. Their demographics, metabolic parameters, and medication safety were evaluated at three follow-up visits, from baseline, six months, and twelve months.

New born macrosomia in gestational diabetes mellitus.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a metabolic complication of pregnancy. The pathogenesis of GDM is considered to involve β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance (IR). GDM is associated with a significant risk of macrosomia in addition to a high probability of metabolic complications for the offspring.

Non-Insulin Novel Antidiabetic Drugs Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19.

The present study aimed to analyse the published data and to realize an update about the use and pathogenesis of the novel antidiabetic drugs, respectively, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 Ra), and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i), in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Literature research in the PubMed and Web of Science database was performed in order to identify relevant published clinical trials and meta-analyses that include information about the treatment with novel antidiabetic agents in patients with T2DM and COVID-19. A total of seven articles were included, and their primary and secondary outcomes were reported and analysed.

Continuous glucose monitoring devices: A brief presentation (Review).

As diabetes prevalence is continuously increasing, better management is needed to achieve blood glucose control, in order to prevent complications and lessen the burden of this disease. Since the first measurement of glycosuria at the beginning of the 1900s', huge advances were made in monitoring glycemia. Continuous glucose monitoring systems revolutionized diabetes management, especially for patients with type 1 diabetes.

PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway involvement in renal cell carcinoma pathogenesis (Review).

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for over 90% of all renal malignancies, and mainly affects the male population. Obesity and smoking are involved in the pathogenesis of several systemic cancers including RCC. The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, migration, survival, angiogenesis, and metabolism.

Impact of adipose tissue in chronic kidney disease development (Review).

Obesity is a worldwide pandemic health issue. Obesity is associated with the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and kidney diseases. This systemic disease can affect the kidneys by two mechanisms: Indirectly through diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension and directly through adipokines secreted by adipose tissue.

Hypocalcemia: A possible risk factor for anastomotic leak in digestive surgery.

Anastomotic leaks (ALs) remain the most severe complication in digestive surgery, as well as the most consumptive in terms of human and financial resources. There is an abundance of international research which has focused on identifying and correcting risk factors, and on individualized surgical management as well. The most frequent risk factors are male sex, obesity, diabetes, advanced malignant disease, ASA score, perioperative blood loss or perioperative transfusion, long operation time, emergency operation and altered nutritional status.

The Charcot Neuroarthropathy as Onset of Type 2 Diabetes - a Diagnostic Challenge.

The Charcot neuro-osteoarthropathy is a devastating complication of diabetes, with negative impact on both prognosis and quality of life. Moreover, the diagnostic is often missed or delayed. A 50 years old male patient with dyslipidemia, overweight and hypertension was referred to our Diabetes Department in the context of newly diagnosed diabetes (HbA1C=11.