[The Second Web Questionnaire Survey on Cancer Cachexia Japanese Evidence for Patients Of Cancer Cachexia Ⅱ (J-EPOCC Ⅱ)-Disease Awareness and Issues Related to Cancer Cachexia Among Healthcare Professionals].

In 2019, the Cancer Cachexia Web Questionnaire Survey(J-EPOCC)was conducted among cancer patients, their families and healthcare professionals in Japan, and it showed that the term"cancer cachexia"was highly recognized among health care professionals, whereas the staging and criteria for cancer cachexia defined by European Palliative Care Research Collaborative( EPCRC)was less understood. Also, many healthcare professionals tended to consider the term"cancer cachexia" as the terminal stage of cancer, and most of them lacked the knowledge that cancer cachexia is a disease complication which is potentially developed from the early stage of cancer. Since anamorelin was approved in 2021 for"Cancer cachexia in unresectable advanced or recurrent of non-small cell lung cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer and colorectal cancer", the treatment environment for cancer cachexia has greatly changed.

[The Second Web Questionnaire Survey on Cancer Cachexia Japanese Evidence for Patients Of Cancer CachexiaⅡ (J-EPOCCⅡ)-Challenges in Early Detection and Early Intervention for Appetite Loss and Weight Loss During Cancer Treatment].

In 2019, the Cancer Cachexia Web Questionnaire Survey(J-EPOCC), conducted among cancer patients, their families and healthcare professionals in Japan showed that nearly half of patients who had experienced appetite loss or weight loss during cancer treatment had not consulted with healthcare professionals about their symptoms, and it meant that patients missed the opportunity to receive medical intervention. Since anamorelin was approved in 2021 fo"r Cancer cachexia in non- small cell lung cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer and colorectal cancer", the treatment environment for cancer cachexia has greatly changed. Thus, the second Web Questionnaire Survey(J-EPOCCⅡ)was conducted in June 2022 to investigate changes in the problem awareness of cancer cachexia, especially appetite loss and weight loss, among patients and their family and healthcare professionals.

Spontaneous and information-induced bursting activities in honeybee hives.

Social entrainment is important for functioning of beehive organization. By analyzing a dataset of approximately 1000 honeybees (Apis mellifera) tracked in 5 trials, we discovered that honeybees exhibit synchronized activity (bursting behavior) in their locomotion. These bursts occurred spontaneously, potentially as a result of intrinsic bee interactions.

A matched-filter technique with an objective threshold.

We propose an objective threshold determination method for detecting outliers from the empirical distribution of cross-correlation coefficients among seismic waveforms. This method is aimed at detecting seismic signals from continuous waveform records. In our framework, detectability is automatically determined from Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC).

10-[(4-Nitro-phen-yl)ethyn-yl]-10-pheno-thia-zine.

The title compound, CHNOS, is a 10-ethynyl-10-pheno-thia-zine derivative. The pheno-thia-zine unit has a butterfly shape, where the folding angle between the two benzene rings is 153.87 (7)°, which is almost as in other reported pheno-thia-zine derivatives.

Effectiveness and safety of nivolumab in patients with head and neck cancer in Japanese real-world clinical practice: a multicenter retrospective clinical study.

Background: To fill the data gap between clinical trials and real-world settings, this study assessed the overall effectiveness and safety of nivolumab in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) during Japanese real-world clinical practice.

Methods: This was a multicenter, retrospective study in Japanese patients with recurrent or metastatic HNC who received nivolumab for the first time between July and December 2017. Data on the clinical use, effectiveness, and safety of nivolumab were extracted from patient medical records.

In Vitro Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Viruses Carrying a Dual Neuraminidase Mutation Isolated from Immunocompromised Patients.

Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses carrying a dual neuraminidase (NA) substitution were isolated from immunocompromised patients after administration of one or more NA inhibitors. These mutant viruses possessed an H275Y/I223R, H275Y/I223K, or H275Y/G147R substitution in their NA and showed enhanced cross-resistance to oseltamivir and peramivir and reduced susceptibility to zanamivir compared to single H275Y mutant viruses. Baloxavir could be a treatment option against the multidrug-resistant viruses because these dual H275Y mutant viruses showed susceptibility to this drug.

Re-challenge of Platinum-based Chemotherapy for Platinum-refractory Patients with Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Cancer: Claims Data Analysis in Japan.

Background: The role of platinum rechallenge in head and neck cancer (HNC) has not yet been fully evaluated.

Objectives: It is our goal to assess the real-world treatment patterns and usefulness of platinum rechallenge in patients with platinum-refractory recurrent or metastatic HNC receiving platinum rechallenge.

Methods: This is a retrospective study using data from a Japanese hospital claims database stored in electronic hospital information systems.

High prevalence of hepatitis E virus infection among domestic pigs in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.

Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is prevalent in pigs and may serve as a reservoir for human infection. However, data on HEV infections in pigs in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan, are limited. Here, we clarified the process and course of HEV in naturally infected pigs.

A method for detecting rash and fever illness-associated viruses using multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

In this study, a new multiplex RT-PCR method for detecting various viral genes in patients with rash and fever illnesses (RFIs) was constructed. New primer sets were designed for detection of herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV1 and 2), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The newly designed and previously reported primer sets were used to detect 13 types of RFI-associated viruses by multiplex RT-PCR assay systems.

Identification of Novel D-Aspartate Oxidase Inhibitors by in Silico Screening and Their Functional and Structural Characterization in Vitro.

D-Aspartate oxidase (DDO) is a degradative enzyme that is stereospecific for acidic D-amino acids, including D-aspartate, a potential agonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. Dysfunction of NMDA receptor-mediated neurotransmission has been implicated in the onset of various mental disorders, such as schizophrenia. Hence, a DDO inhibitor that increases the brain levels of D-aspartate and thereby activates NMDA receptor function is expected to be a useful compound.

The high prevalence of hepatitis E virus infection in wild boars in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is known as a causative agent of zoonosis and food poisoning. Pigs and some species of wild animals, including wild boar, are known to be a reservoir of HEV. In this study, we investigated the situation regarding HEV infection in wild boars in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.

Consecutive thiophene-annulation approach to π-extended thienoacene-based organic semiconductors with [1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene (BTBT) substructure.

We describe a new synthetic route to the [1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene (BTBT) substructure featuring two consecutive thiophene-annulation reactions from o-ethynyl-thioanisole substrates and arylsulfenyl chloride reagents that can be easily derived from arylthiols. The method is particularly suitable for the synthesis of unsymmetrical derivatives, e.g.

4-(Prop-2-yn-1-yl-oxy)benzaldehyde.

In the title mol-ecule, C10H8O2, all non-H atoms are essentailly coplanar (r.m.s.

Identification of novel D-amino acid oxidase inhibitors by in silico screening and their functional characterization in vitro.

D-amino acid oxidase (DAO) is a degradative enzyme that is stereospecific for D-amino acids, including D-serine and D-alanine, which are potential coagonists of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. Dysfunction of NMDA receptor-mediated neurotransmission has been implicated in the onset of various mental disorders such as schizophrenia. Hence, a DAO inhibitor that augments the brain levels of D-serine and/or D-alanine and thereby activates NMDA receptor function is expected to be an antipsychotic drug, for instance, in the treatment of schizophrenia.

Synthesis, characterization, and transistor and solar cell applications of a naphthobisthiadiazole-based semiconducting polymer.

We report the synthesis and characterization of a novel donor-acceptor semiconducting polymer bearing naphthobisthiadiazole (NTz), a doubly benzothiadiazole (BTz)-fused ring, and its applications to organic field-effect transistors and bulk heterojunction solar cells. With NTz's highly π-extended structure and strong electron affinity, the NTz-based polymer (PNTz4T) affords a smaller bandgap and a deeper HOMO level than the BTz-based polymer (PBTz4T). PNTz4T exhibits not only high field-effect mobilities of ~0.

The spermine-bisaryl conjugate as a potent inducer of B- to Z-DNA transition.

DNA containing alternating purine and pyrimidine repeats has the potential to adopt the Z-DNA structure, one of the well-studied structures besides A- and B-DNA. Despite a number of molecular models that have been proposed to explain the mechanism for B→Z transition, there is continued discussion on the mechanism and physiological role of this transition. In this study, we have found that the bis(2-naphthyl)-maleimide-spermine conjugate (3c) exhibits a remarkable ability to cause the B→Z transition of d(CGCGCG)(2) at low salt concentrations.

Natural history of true pancreaticoduodenal artery aneurysms.

Advances in non-invasive diagnostic techniques, such as CT and ultrasonography, have improved our ability to detect unruptured pancreaticoduodenal artery aneurysms. No definitive study evaluating the natural history of these lesions or their preferred method of treatment has been published. In this report, we describe five patients with eight unruptured true pancreaticoduodenal artery aneurysms followed without treatment.

[The significance of visiting by pharmacist to home care patient].

The pharmacist visits the patient undergoing treatment in a house as a result that separation of pharmacy and clinic progressed and performs pharmaceutical management guidance. Because home care patients are old, and there are many kinds of the medicine to take, the pharmacist confirms the taking medicine actual situation of the patients and promotes risk management of the drug therapy. The pharmacist makes a reporting book aimed for proper use of the medicine about a visit result and donates it in the chief physician and the other medics.

Selective protein modification by the hydroperoxide intermediate in a photoprotein, aequorin.

During the course of protein modification program, we employed a recombinant aequorin, the apo-protein reconstituted with coelenterazine, and found out that the photolytic hyperperoxide modified three -S-SCH2CHOHCHOHCH2SH groups to -S-SCH2CHOHCH=CH-S=O)H or -S-SCH2CHOHCH=CH-S(=O)OH of terminal DTT connected to cysteine residues of the C145, C152 and C180, which turned out to locate near the chromophore.