Highly-enhanced active beam-wander-correction for free-space quantum communications.

In practical applications to free-space quantum communications, the utilization of active beam coupling and stabilization techniques offers notable advantages, particularly when dealing with limited detecting areas or coupling into single-mode fibers(SMFs) to mitigate background noise. In this work, we introduce highly-enhanced active beam-wander-correction technique, specifically tailored to efficiently couple and stabilize beams into SMFs, particularly in scenarios where initial optical alignment with the SMF is misaligned. To achieve this objective, we implement a SMF auto-coupling algorithm and a decoupled stabilization method, effectively and reliably correcting beam wander caused by atmospheric turbulence effects.

Leptomeningeal seeding in patients with brain metastases treated by gamma knife radiosurgery.

To characterize the development of leptomeningeal seeding (LMS) in patients with brain metastases after gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS). Eight hundred and twenty-seven patients that underwent GKRS as a part of an initial treatment plan for brain metastases between January 2002 and December 2010 were included in the study. Six hundred and fifty patients were treated with GKRS alone and 177 patients received GKRS combined with upfront whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT).

Trans-differentiation of neural stem cells: a therapeutic mechanism against the radiation induced brain damage.

Radiation therapy is an indispensable therapeutic modality for various brain diseases. Though endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) would provide regenerative potential, many patients nevertheless suffer from radiation-induced brain damage. Accordingly, we tested beneficial effects of exogenous NSC supplementation using in vivo mouse models that received whole brain irradiation.

The expression of DNA damage checkpoint proteins and prognostic implication in metastatic brain tumors.

The most important therapeutic tool in brain metastasis is radiation therapy. However, resistance to radiation is a possible cause of recurrence or treatment failure. Recently, DNA damage checkpoint signaling pathway activation after irradiation has received increasing attention.

Prognostic implications of the DNA damage response pathway in glioblastoma.

Genomic instability and resistance to genotoxic therapies for glioblastoma (GBM) suggest aberrant DNA damage response (DDR), since DDR maintains the genomic integrity against genotoxic insults including anti-tumor therapies. To elucidate the biological and clinical meaning of DDR in GBM, we retrospectively investigated the immunohistochemical expression of DDR proteins (ATM, Chk1, Chk2, TopBP1, Rad17, p53, Nbs1, MDC1, γH2AX and RPA1) in 69 GBM surgical samples and their relation with GBM patient survival. Remarkably, higher expression of ATM revealed significantly longer overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) (p<0.

Efficacy of temozolomide as adjuvant chemotherapy after postsurgical radiotherapy alone for glioblastomas.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of adjuvant TMZ chemotherapy for newly diagnosed GBM patients who were treated with surgery followed by radiotherapy alone.

Material And Methods: Between January 2003 and April 2005, 59 consecutive GBM patients underwent radiation therapy after surgical resection and subsequently received TMZ chemotherapy. For the comparative analysis, we selected 60 clinically matched GBM patients who underwent radiotherapy followed by nitrosourea-based chemotherapy (NUBC), at the same institution between June 1995 and April 2005.

Efficacy of stereotactic radiosurgery as a salvage treatment for recurrent malignant gliomas.

Background: The objective of this prospective cohort study was to determine the efficacy of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) as a salvage treatment in patients with recurrent malignant gliomas.

Methods: Between January 2000 and December 2006, 114 consecutive patients were treated with SRS as a salvage treatment for recurrent malignant gliomas at a single institution. Clinical outcome and its prognostic factors were analyzed and compared with the historical control group who were treated at the same institution between 1995 and 1999.

Stereotactic device for Gamma Knife radiosurgery in experimental animals: technical note.

Objective: Radiosurgery has become a well-established treatment modality for many intracranial lesions and the information obtained from animal experiments is crucial in devising new strategies with improved efficacy and less risk. We constructed a stereotactic device for rats which can be used for both usual laboratory work and radiosurgery using a Gamma Knife.

Materials And Methods: The stereotactic device was made by modifying the basic design of the ordinary stereotactic frames used for usual laboratory work.